Estriol glucuronide
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| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| Routes of administration | Oral |
| Identifiers | |
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| Synonyms | (16α,17β)-16,17-Dihydroxyestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-3-yl D-glucopyranosiduronic acid; β-D-Glucopyranuronic acid, monoglycoside with (16α,17β)-estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,16,17-triol |
| CAS Number | 28808-07-3 |
| PubChem (CID) | 122281 |
| ChemSpider | 134818 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C24H32O9 |
| Molar mass | 464.511 g/mol |
| 3D model (Jmol) | Interactive image |
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Estriol glucuronide (E3G), or oestriol glucuronide, also known as estriol monoglucuronide, as well as estriol 16α-(β-D-glucosiduronic acid), is a natural, steroidal estrogen and the glucuronic acid (β-D-glucopyranuronic acid) conjugate of estriol.[1][2] It occurs in high concentrations in the urine of pregnant women as a reversibly formed metabolite of estriol.[2] Estriol glucuronide is a prodrug of estriol,[3] and was the major component of Progynon and Emmenin, estrogenic products manufactured from the urine of pregnant women that were introduced in the 1920s and 1930s and were the first orally active estrogens.[4][5] Emmenin was succeeded by Premarin (conjugated equine estrogens), which is sourced from the urine of pregnant mares and was introduced in 1941.[4][5][6] Premarin replaced Emmenin due to the fact that it was easier and less expensive to produce.[4][5]
See also
References
- ↑ R.A. Hill; H.L.J. Makin; D.N. Kirk; G.M. Murphy (23 May 1991). Dictionary of Steroids. CRC Press. pp. 274–. ISBN 978-0-412-27060-4.
- 1 2 HASHIMOTO Y, NEEMAN M (1963). "Isolation and characterization of estriol 16 alpha-glucosiduronic acid from human pregnancy urine". J. Biol. Chem. 238: 1273–82. PMID 14010351.
- ↑ Geoffrey Dutton (2 December 2012). Glucuronic Acid Free and Combined: Chemistry, Biochemistry, Pharmacology, and Medicine. Elsevier. pp. 466–. ISBN 978-0-323-14398-1.
- 1 2 3 Thom Rooke (1 January 2012). The Quest for Cortisone. MSU Press. pp. 54–. ISBN 978-1-60917-326-5.
- 1 2 3 Georgina D. Feldberg (2003). Women, Health and Nation: Canada and the United States Since 1945. McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP. pp. 103–. ISBN 978-0-7735-2501-6.
- ↑ Nick Panay; Paula Briggs; Gab Kovacs (20 August 2015). Managing the Menopause. Cambridge University Press. pp. 118–. ISBN 978-1-107-45182-7.