National Register of Historic Places listings in Mahoning County, Ohio

Location of Mahoning County in Ohio

This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Mahoning County, Ohio.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Mahoning County, Ohio, United States. The locations of National Register properties and districts for which the latitude and longitude coordinates are included below, may be seen in a Google map.[1]

There are 70 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county, including 1 National Historic Landmark. Another property was once listed but has been removed.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted December 2, 2016.[2]

Current listings

[3] Name on the Register[4] Image Date listed[5] Location City or town Description
1 Alliance Clay Product Company
Alliance Clay Product Company
December 8, 1978
(#78002130)
1500 S. Mahoning Ave., east of Alliance
40°54′13″N 81°04′57″W / 40.903611°N 81.0825°W / 40.903611; -81.0825 (Alliance Clay Product Company)
Smith Township
2 Judge William Shaw Anderson House
Judge William Shaw Anderson House
March 17, 1976
(#76001479)
7171 Mahoning Ave.
41°05′55″N 80°48′14″W / 41.098611°N 80.803889°W / 41.098611; -80.803889 (Judge William Shaw Anderson House)
Austintown Township
3 Arlington Avenue District
Arlington Avenue District
August 13, 1974
(#74001565)
304-373 Arlington Ave.
41°06′29″N 80°39′14″W / 41.108056°N 80.653889°W / 41.108056; -80.653889 (Arlington Avenue District)
Youngstown
4 Austintown Log House
Austintown Log House
July 30, 1974
(#74001566)
West of Youngstown on Raccoon Rd.
41°03′42″N 80°43′56″W / 41.061667°N 80.732222°W / 41.061667; -80.732222 (Austintown Log House)
Austintown Township
5 Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Terminal
Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Terminal
July 10, 1986
(#86001565)
530 Mahoning Ave.
41°06′10″N 80°39′31″W / 41.102778°N 80.658611°W / 41.102778; -80.658611 (Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Terminal)
Youngstown Served Amtrak's Three Rivers line until March 8, 2005[6]
6 Burt Building
Burt Building
July 2, 2008
(#08000588)
325-327 West Federal St.
41°06′08″N 80°39′15″W / 41.102211°N 80.654156°W / 41.102211; -80.654156 (Burt Building)
Youngstown Commercial building with terra cotta facade, constructed ca. 1919. Original owner Harry Burt is credited with inventing the Good Humor Bar at this location.[7]
7 Butler Institute Of American Art
Butler Institute Of American Art
October 29, 1974
(#74001567)
524 Wick Ave.
41°06′20″N 80°38′46″W / 41.105556°N 80.646111°W / 41.105556; -80.646111 (Butler Institute Of American Art)
Youngstown
8 Central Tower Building
Central Tower Building
February 8, 1980
(#80003146)
1 Federal Plaza West
41°06′00″N 80°39′01″W / 41.1°N 80.650278°W / 41.1; -80.650278 (Central Tower Building)
Youngstown Designed by Morris Scheibel. Part of "Seven Early Buildings of Central Square" Thematic Resource.
9 City Hall Annex
City Hall Annex
July 23, 1986
(#86001918)
9 W. Front St.
41°05′54″N 80°39′05″W / 41.098333°N 80.651389°W / 41.098333; -80.651389 (City Hall Annex)
Youngstown
10 Crandall Park-Fifth Avenue Historic District
Crandall Park-Fifth Avenue Historic District
March 22, 1990
(#90000474)
Roughly bounded by Tod Ln., Ohio Ave., Redondo Rd., Catallina, and Guadalupe Ave., and 5th Ave. from Gypsy to Fairgreen
41°07′35″N 80°39′14″W / 41.126389°N 80.653889°W / 41.126389; -80.653889 (Crandall Park-Fifth Avenue Historic District)
Youngstown
11 Damascus Grade School
Damascus Grade School
September 21, 1989
(#89001456)
14923 Morris St. in Damascus
40°54′09″N 80°57′16″W / 40.902500°N 80.954444°W / 40.902500; -80.954444 (Damascus Grade School)
Goshen Township
12 Erie Terminal Building-Commerce Plaza Building
Erie Terminal Building-Commerce Plaza Building
July 23, 1986
(#86001914)
112 W. Commerce St.
41°06′06″N 80°39′00″W / 41.1017°N 80.6501°W / 41.1017; -80.6501 (Erie Terminal Building-Commerce Plaza Building)
Youngstown
13 Federal Building
Federal Building
February 8, 1980
(#80003147)
18 N. Phelps St.
41°06′03″N 80°39′03″W / 41.100833°N 80.650833°W / 41.100833; -80.650833 (Federal Building)
Youngstown Designed by Daniel Burnham. Part of "Seven Early Buildings of Central Square" Thematic Resource
14 First National Bank Building
First National Bank Building
February 8, 1980
(#80003148)
6 Federal Plaza West
41°06′02″N 80°39′00″W / 41.100556°N 80.650000°W / 41.100556; -80.650000 (First National Bank Building)
Youngstown Designed by Walker and Weeks. Part of "Seven Early Buildings of Central Square" Thematic Resource.
15 Forest Glen Estates Historic District
Forest Glen Estates Historic District
May 20, 1998
(#98000565)
Roughly bounded by Homestead Dr., Glenwood Ave., Alburn Dr., and Market St.
41°03′15″N 80°40′00″W / 41.054167°N 80.666667°W / 41.054167; -80.666667 (Forest Glen Estates Historic District)
Boardman Township
16 Gallagher Building
Gallagher Building
June 9, 2014
(#14000295)
23 N. Hazel and 131 Commerce Sts.
41°06′06″N 80°39′04″W / 41.101667°N 80.651111°W / 41.101667; -80.651111 (Gallagher Building)
Youngstown
17 Helen Chapel
Helen Chapel
July 23, 1986
(#86001923)
Northwestern corner of E. Wood and Champion Sts.
41°06′06″N 80°38′49″W / 41.101667°N 80.646944°W / 41.101667; -80.646944 (Helen Chapel)
Youngstown
18 Hopewell Furnace Site
Hopewell Furnace Site
November 10, 1975
(#75001481)
Along Yellow Creek below Lake Hamilton, northeast of the Lake Hamilton Dam[8]
41°02′14″N 80°35′26″W / 41.037222°N 80.590556°W / 41.037222; -80.590556 (Hopewell Furnace Site)
Poland Township The first blast furnace west of the Appalachians and the first industrial operation in the Connecticut Western Reserve; also an archeological site[8]
19 Idora Park
Idora Park
September 13, 1993
(#93000895)
Southeast of the junction of McFarland and Parkview Aves.
41°04′20″N 80°41′06″W / 41.072222°N 80.685°W / 41.072222; -80.685 (Idora Park)
Youngstown Park was demolished and has been vacant land since 2001.[9] Wooden carousel was relocated to Brooklyn, NY, in 1984.[10]
20 Jay's Lunch
Jay's Lunch
July 23, 1986
(#86001925)
258 Federal Plaza West
41°06′06″N 80°39′11″W / 41.101667°N 80.653056°W / 41.101667; -80.653056 (Jay's Lunch)
Youngstown
21 Jones Hall, Youngstown State University
Jones Hall, Youngstown State University
October 18, 1984
(#84000151)
410 Wick Ave.
41°06′14″N 80°38′47″W / 41.103939°N 80.646478°W / 41.103939; -80.646478 (Jones Hall, Youngstown State University)
Youngstown
22 Jared P. Kirtland House
Jared P. Kirtland House
May 13, 1976
(#76001481)
113 W. McKinley Way
41°01′26″N 80°37′06″W / 41.023889°N 80.618333°W / 41.023889; -80.618333 (Jared P. Kirtland House)
Poland
23 Kress Building
Kress Building
July 23, 1986
(#86001926)
111-121 Federal Plaza West
41°06′02″N 80°39′04″W / 41.100556°N 80.651111°W / 41.100556; -80.651111 (Kress Building)
Youngstown Local outpost of Samuel H. Kress' 5-, 10-, and 25-cent store chain.
24 Lake Hamilton Dam
Lake Hamilton Dam
May 7, 1984
(#84003774)
1.5 miles (2.4 km) northeast of Poland off State Route 616
41°02′13″N 80°35′31″W / 41.036944°N 80.591944°W / 41.036944; -80.591944 (Lake Hamilton Dam)
Poland Township
25 Lanterman Mill
Lanterman Mill
July 10, 1974
(#74001568)
Canfield Rd. (U.S. Route 62) in Mill Creek Park
41°04′00″N 80°40′56″W / 41.066667°N 80.682222°W / 41.066667; -80.682222 (Lanterman Mill)
Youngstown
26 Liberty Theatre
Liberty Theatre
February 9, 1984
(#84003776)
142 Federal Plaza West
41°06′05″N 80°39′05″W / 41.101389°N 80.651389°W / 41.101389; -80.651389 (Liberty Theatre)
Youngstown
27 Lowellville Railroad Station
Lowellville Railroad Station
July 30, 1976
(#76001480)
Along the former Penn Central Railroad line
41°02′07″N 80°32′14″W / 41.035278°N 80.537222°W / 41.035278; -80.537222 (Lowellville Railroad Station)
Lowellville
28 Mahoning County Courthouse
Mahoning County Courthouse
August 13, 1974
(#74001569)
120 Market St.
41°05′56″N 80°39′03″W / 41.098889°N 80.650833°W / 41.098889; -80.650833 (Mahoning County Courthouse)
Youngstown Designed by local architect Charles Owsley.
29 Mahoning National Bank Building
Mahoning National Bank Building
February 8, 1980
(#80003149)
23 Federal Plaza West
41°05′58″N 80°39′01″W / 41.099444°N 80.650278°W / 41.099444; -80.650278 (Mahoning National Bank Building)
Youngstown Designed by Albert Kahn. Part of "Seven Early Buildings of Central Square" Thematic Resource.
30 Maple-Dell
Maple-Dell
December 20, 1990
(#90001821)
14737 Garfield Rd., northwest of Salem
40°54′46″N 80°55′39″W / 40.912778°N 80.927500°W / 40.912778; -80.927500 (Maple-Dell)
Goshen Township
31 Masonic Temple
Masonic Temple
June 13, 1997
(#86003830)
223-227 Wick Ave.
41°06′08″N 80°38′50″W / 41.102361°N 80.647222°W / 41.102361; -80.647222 (Masonic Temple)
Youngstown
32 McCrory Building
McCrory Building
July 23, 1986
(#86001928)
9-13 Federal Plaza West and 17-19 Central Sq.
41°06′00″N 80°38′08″W / 41.1°N 80.635556°W / 41.1; -80.635556 (McCrory Building)
Youngstown White terra cotta facaded commercial building.
33 William H. McGuffey Boyhood Home Site
William H. McGuffey Boyhood Home Site
October 15, 1966
(#66000617)
McGuffey Rd., near State Route 616
41°06′57″N 80°33′31″W / 41.115833°N 80.558611°W / 41.115833; -80.558611 (William H. McGuffey Boyhood Home Site)
Coitsville Township
34 McKelvey-Higbee Co. Buildings
McKelvey-Higbee Co. Buildings
July 23, 1986
(#86001930)
210-226 Federal Plaza West and 18-26 N. Hazel St.
41°06′06″N 80°39′07″W / 41.101667°N 80.651944°W / 41.101667; -80.651944 (McKelvey-Higbee Co. Buildings)
Youngstown Department store, demolished[11]
35 Reuben McMillan Free Library
Reuben McMillan Free Library
March 27, 1986
(#86000526)
305 Wick Ave.
41°06′11″N 80°38′47″W / 41.103056°N 80.646389°W / 41.103056; -80.646389 (Reuben McMillan Free Library)
Youngstown
36 Mill Creek Park Historic District
Mill Creek Park Historic District
March 15, 2005
(#05000178)
Mahoning Ave. to Boardman-Canfield Rd., Mill Creek, 960 Bears Den Rd.
41°03′28″N 80°38′46″W / 41.057778°N 80.646111°W / 41.057778; -80.646111 (Mill Creek Park Historic District)
Boardman Township and Youngstown
37 Mill Creek Park Suspension Bridge
Mill Creek Park Suspension Bridge
October 29, 1976
(#76001482)
Mill Creek Park
41°04′24″N 80°41′21″W / 41.073333°N 80.689167°W / 41.073333; -80.689167 (Mill Creek Park Suspension Bridge)
Youngstown
38 Conrad Neff House
Conrad Neff House
October 9, 1974
(#74001561)
3967 Boardman-Canfield Rd., east of Canfield
41°01′28″N 80°43′14″W / 41.024306°N 80.720694°W / 41.024306; -80.720694 (Conrad Neff House)
Canfield Township
39 Newport Village Allotment Historic District
Newport Village Allotment Historic District
June 9, 2006
(#06000483)
Parts of Market St., Chester Dr., Jennette Dr., and Overhill Rd.
41°03′25″N 80°39′52″W / 41.056944°N 80.664444°W / 41.056944; -80.664444 (Newport Village Allotment Historic District)
Boardman Township
40 Judge Eben Newton House
Judge Eben Newton House
July 18, 1974
(#74001562)
105 N. Broad St.
41°01′39″N 80°45′37″W / 41.0275°N 80.760278°W / 41.0275; -80.760278 (Judge Eben Newton House)
Canfield
41 Ohio One-Ohio Edison
Ohio One-Ohio Edison
July 23, 1986
(#86001931)
25 E. Boardman and 102-112 S. Champion
41°05′55″N 80°38′58″W / 41.098611°N 80.649444°W / 41.098611; -80.649444 (Ohio One-Ohio Edison)
Youngstown
42 Old Mahoning County Courthouse
Old Mahoning County Courthouse
October 7, 1974
(#74001563)
7 Court St.
41°01′18″N 80°45′40″W / 41.021667°N 80.761111°W / 41.021667; -80.761111 (Old Mahoning County Courthouse)
Canfield
43 Our Lady of Mount Carmel Church
Our Lady of Mount Carmel Church
May 10, 1979
(#79001893)
Off State Route 289
41°05′59″N 80°38′31″W / 41.099722°N 80.641944°W / 41.099722; -80.641944 (Our Lady of Mount Carmel Church)
Youngstown
44 Peggy Ann Building
Peggy Ann Building
July 23, 1986
(#86001937)
101 Federal Plaza West and 2-10 S. Phelps
41°06′00″N 80°39′03″W / 41.100056°N 80.650833°W / 41.100056; -80.650833 (Peggy Ann Building)
Youngstown
45 Poland Center School
Poland Center School
May 31, 1984
(#84003779)
U.S. Route 224 and Struthers Rd. at Poland Center
41°01′25″N 80°34′01″W / 41.023611°N 80.566944°W / 41.023611; -80.566944 (Poland Center School)
Poland Township
46 Rayen School
Rayen School
October 22, 1974
(#74001570)
222 Wick Ave.
41°06′09″N 80°38′52″W / 41.102500°N 80.647778°W / 41.102500; -80.647778 (Rayen School)
Youngstown Public school building founded by Judge William Rayen.
47 Realty Building
Realty Building
February 8, 1980
(#80003150)
47 Federal Plaza
41°05′58″N 80°38′57″W / 41.099444°N 80.649167°W / 41.099444; -80.649167 (Realty Building)
Youngstown Designed by local architects Morris Scheibel and Edgar Stanley. Part of "Seven Early Buildings of Central Square" Thematic Resource.
48 George J. Renner, Jr. House
George J. Renner, Jr. House
October 8, 1976
(#76001483)
277 Park Ave.
41°06′47″N 80°38′58″W / 41.113056°N 80.649444°W / 41.113056; -80.649444 (George J. Renner, Jr. House)
Youngstown
49 Republic Iron and Steel Office Building
Republic Iron and Steel Office Building
July 23, 1986
(#86001940)
415 S. Market St.
41°05′48″N 80°39′05″W / 41.096667°N 80.651389°W / 41.096667; -80.651389 (Republic Iron and Steel Office Building)
Youngstown
50 Charles Ruggles House
Charles Ruggles House
August 1, 1975
(#75001480)
17 Court St.
41°01′19″N 80°45′42″W / 41.021806°N 80.761667°W / 41.021806; -80.761667 (Charles Ruggles House)
Canfield
51 St. James Episcopal Church
St. James Episcopal Church
June 20, 1979
(#79001892)
375 Boardman-Poland Rd.
41°01′24″N 80°38′59″W / 41.023472°N 80.649722°W / 41.023472; -80.649722 (St. James Episcopal Church)
Boardman Township
52 St. John's Episcopal Church
St. John's Episcopal Church
February 3, 2012
(#11001093)
323 Wick Ave.
41°06′13″N 80°38′46″W / 41.103611°N 80.646111°W / 41.103611; -80.646111 (St. John's Episcopal Church)
Youngstown
53 Frank Sebring House
Frank Sebring House
September 21, 1989
(#88000545)
385 W. Ohio Ave.
40°55′22″N 81°01′30″W / 40.922778°N 81.025°W / 40.922778; -81.025 (Frank Sebring House)
Sebring
54 South Main Street District
South Main Street District
October 1, 1974
(#74001564)
Both sides of S. Main St.; also 101 and 111 S. Main St.
41°01′16″N 80°36′32″W / 41.021111°N 80.608889°W / 41.021111; -80.608889 (South Main Street District)
Poland Second set of addresses represents a boundary increase of October 18, 1984
55 Southern Park Stable
Southern Park Stable
July 10, 1986
(#86001564)
126 Washington Boulevard
41°00′04″N 80°39′28″W / 41.001111°N 80.657778°W / 41.001111; -80.657778 (Southern Park Stable)
Boardman Township
56 Stambaugh Building
Stambaugh Building
February 8, 1980
(#80003151)
44 Federal Plaza
41°05′59″N 80°38′56″W / 41.099722°N 80.648889°W / 41.099722; -80.648889 (Stambaugh Building)
Youngstown Designed by Albert Kahn. Part of "Seven Early Buildings of Central Square" Thematic Resource.
57 Henry H. Stambaugh Memorial Auditorium
Henry H. Stambaugh Memorial Auditorium
February 9, 1984
(#84003781)
1000 5th Ave.
41°06′49″N 80°39′07″W / 41.113611°N 80.651944°W / 41.113611; -80.651944 (Henry H. Stambaugh Memorial Auditorium)
Youngstown Beaux-Arts auditorium designed by Helme & Corbett in 1926.
58 State Theater
State Theater
July 23, 1986
(#86001942)
213 Federal Plaza West
41°06′04″N 80°39′08″W / 41.101111°N 80.652222°W / 41.101111; -80.652222 (State Theater)
Youngstown
59 Strouss-Hirschberg Company
Strouss-Hirschberg Company
July 23, 1986
(#86001944)
14-28 Federal Plaza West
41°06′02″N 80°39′01″W / 41.100556°N 80.650278°W / 41.100556; -80.650278 (Strouss-Hirschberg Company)
Youngstown
60 Tod Homestead Cemetery Gate
Tod Homestead Cemetery Gate
October 22, 1976
(#76001484)
Belmont Ave.
41°07′43″N 80°39′57″W / 41.128611°N 80.665833°W / 41.128611; -80.665833 (Tod Homestead Cemetery Gate)
Youngstown
61 Daniel Vaughn Homestead
Daniel Vaughn Homestead
July 18, 1980
(#80003145)
694 Pine Dr., west of Lake Milton
41°06′04″N 80°59′07″W / 41.101111°N 80.985278°W / 41.101111; -80.985278 (Daniel Vaughn Homestead)
Milton Township
62 Warner Theater
Warner Theater
May 31, 1980
(#80003152)
260 Federal Plaza West
41°06′07″N 80°39′12″W / 41.101944°N 80.653333°W / 41.101944; -80.653333 (Warner Theater)
Youngstown Now the Powers Auditorium at the DeYors Center
63 Wells Building
Wells Building
July 23, 1986
(#86001946)
201-205 Federal Plaza West
41°06′03″N 80°39′08″W / 41.100833°N 80.652222°W / 41.100833; -80.652222 (Wells Building)
Youngstown
64 Welsh Congregational Church
Welsh Congregational Church
July 23, 1986
(#86001947)
220 N. Elm St.
41°06′14″N 80°39′04″W / 41.103889°N 80.651111°W / 41.103889; -80.651111 (Welsh Congregational Church)
Youngstown
65 White Bridge
White Bridge
December 11, 1983
(#83004319)
Over Yellow Creek, 0.07 miles east of State Route 616
41°01′39″N 80°36′33″W / 41.027403°N 80.609097°W / 41.027403; -80.609097 (White Bridge)
Poland
66 Wick Avenue Historic District
Wick Avenue Historic District
November 20, 1974
(#74001571)
Bounded by Wick, Bryson, expressway, Spring, and Wick Oval
41°06′24″N 80°38′40″W / 41.106667°N 80.644444°W / 41.106667; -80.644444 (Wick Avenue Historic District)
Youngstown
67 Wick Building
Wick Building
February 8, 1980
(#80003153)
34 Federal Plaza West
41°06′03″N 80°39′01″W / 41.100833°N 80.650378°W / 41.100833; -80.650378 (Wick Building)
Youngstown Designed by Daniel Burnham. Part of "Seven Early Buildings of Central Square" Thematic Resource.
68 Wick Park Historic District
Wick Park Historic District
April 5, 1990
(#90000601)
Roughly bounded by 5th and Elm Aves., Elm St. and Broadway; also roughly bounded by Broadway Ave., Wick Ave., Madison Ave., and Elm St.
41°06′54″N 80°38′53″W / 41.115°N 80.648056°W / 41.115; -80.648056 (Wick Park Historic District)
Youngstown Second set of boundaries represents a boundary increase of September 24, 2001
69 Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company Housing
Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company Housing
June 1, 1982
(#82003611)
Jackson and Chambers St.
41°04′09″N 80°35′09″W / 41.069167°N 80.585833°W / 41.069167; -80.585833 (Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company Housing)
Campbell
70 YWCA Building
YWCA Building
July 23, 1986
(#86001949)
25 W. Rayen Ave.
41°06′13″N 80°38′55″W / 41.103611°N 80.648611°W / 41.103611; -80.648611 (YWCA Building)
Youngstown

Former listing

[3] Name on the Register Image Date listedDate removed Location City or town Summary
1 Idora Park Merry-Go-Round
Idora Park Merry-Go-Round
February 6, 1975
(#75001482)
October 29, 1985
Idora Park on Canfield Rd.
Youngstown Wooden carousel designed by Daniel C. Muller, built in 1899. Formerly located at Idora Park on Canfield Rd., Youngstown, bought and moved to Brooklyn, New York in 1984.[12]

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to National Register of Historic Places in Mahoning County, Ohio.

References

  1. The latitude and longitude information provided in this table was derived originally from the National Register Information System, which has been found to be fairly accurate for about 99% of listings. For about 1% of NRIS original coordinates, experience has shown that one or both coordinates are typos or otherwise extremely far off; some corrections may have been made. A more subtle problem causes many locations to be off by up to 150 yards, depending on location in the country: most NRIS coordinates were derived from tracing out latitude and longitudes off of USGS topographical quadrant maps created under the North American Datum of 1927, which differs from the current, highly accurate WGS84 GPS system used by most on-line maps. Chicago is about right, but NRIS longitudes in Washington are higher by about 4.5 seconds, and are lower by about 2.0 seconds in Maine. Latitudes differ by about 1.0 second in Florida. Some locations in this table may have been corrected to current GPS standards.
  2. "National Register of Historic Places: Weekly List Actions". National Park Service, United States Department of the Interior. Retrieved on December 2, 2016.
  3. 1 2 Numbers represent an ordering by significant words. Various colorings, defined here, differentiate National Historic Landmarks and historic districts from other NRHP buildings, structures, sites or objects.
  4. National Park Service (2008-04-24). "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service.
  5. The eight-digit number below each date is the number assigned to each location in the National Register Information System database, which can be viewed by clicking the number.
  6. Youngstown Amtrak Station (USA RailGuide; TrainWeb)
  7. Gwin, Harold. "Downtown Treasure," The Youngstown Vindicator. 15 September 2008.
  8. 1 2 White, John R. Faunal Remains from the Eaton (Hopewell) Furnace Site. Ohio Journal of Science 81 (3): 138, 1981.
  9. "Idora Ballroom Burns to Ground," The Youngstown Vindicator, 5 March 2001. See also: Skolnick, David. "Asbestos Cleanup at Idora Begins," The Youngstown Vindicator, 10 April 2001.
  10. Now renamed "Jane's Carousel" by owners Jane and David Walentas: http://janescarousel.com/
  11. U. S. vs. James A. Traficant, Jr., . See also: Smith, Roger G. "Vindicated, Officials Toast New CSB Building," The Youngstown Vindicator, 7 March 2004.
  12. Linonis, Linda M (October 14, 2005). "Merry-go-round leads to Idora ride". The Vindicator. Youngstown, OH. Retrieved April 27, 2009.
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