John Talbot, 1st Viscount Lisle

For other people named John Talbot, see John Talbot (disambiguation).

John Talbot, 1st Baron Lisle and 1st Viscount Lisle (1430 – 17 July 1453), English nobleman and medieval soldier, was the son of John Talbot, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury, and his second wife Margaret Beauchamp.

Titles

Talbot was already a knight when, on 26 July 1444, he was created Lord and Baron Lisle of Kingston Lisle in Berkshire by Henry VI,[1] his mother being one of the co-heirs to the previous creation of the barony. He stood to inherit much of her estates in Wales on the Welsh Marches, and in Gloucestershire at Painswick. She had fought long and hard to enfranchise her son for the duration of the Berkeley feud, in which the young nobleman's manor house was raided by Lord Berkeley's brothers. After 1449, his mother was one of three co-heiresses to her father, and through her he possessed a claim on Berkeley Castle. In 1451, already a veteran of the fight at St Barnets Green, he was created Viscount Lisle.

In prosecution of the claim against James de Berkeley, 6th Baron Berkeley, the heir-male, he stormed Berkeley Castle in 1452 and took the Baron and his sons prisoner.

Ordered to recruit reinforcements for the English army in France, he found 2325 men at Dartmouth and Plymouth before embarkation on 5 March 1453. He was joined by the Lords Moleyns and Camoys, as he led troops into Guyenne to reinforce his father. They sailed to Bordeaux but still the English army numbered only 7,000, facing a much larger enemy force of at least 20,000. They were still awaiting reinforcements when they marched out, capturing an outpost at St Laurent on 17 July 1453. That day they fought the last pitched battle of the Hundred Years' War at Castillon.

Death before dishonour at Castillon

Both father and son were killed the next summer at the Battle of Castillon. Some chroniclers assert that when his wounded and unhorsed father begged him to quit the field and save himself, he refused, preferring death to dishonour; a scene memorialized by William Shakespeare in Henry VI, Part I.

Marriage and issue

He married Joan Cheddar (b. c1425), the daughter of Thomas Chedder, Esquire and the widow of Richard Stafford in 1443 and had three children:

Ancestry

References

  1. ↑ Calendar of Charter Rolls, 1427-1516, London 1927, p50.
Peerage of England
New creation Viscount Lisle
1451–1453 		Succeeded by
Thomas Talbot
Baron Lisle
1444–1453
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