IL1RL1

IL1RL1
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 4KC3
Identifiers
Aliases	IL1RL1, DER4, FIT-1, IL33R, ST2, ST2L, ST2V, T1, interleukin 1 receptor like 1
External IDs	MGI: 98427 HomoloGene: 2862 GeneCards: IL1RL1
Genetically Related Diseases
asthma[1]
Gene ontology Molecular function • interleukin-33 receptor activity • interleukin-1 receptor activity • cytokine receptor activity • protein binding • signal transducer activity, downstream of receptor • interleukin-33 binding Cellular component • integral component of membrane • external side of plasma membrane • membrane • proteinaceous extracellular matrix • extracellular region • plasma membrane Biological process • negative regulation of T-helper 1 type immune response • positive regulation of inflammatory response • negative regulation of interferon-gamma production • positive regulation of macrophage activation • negative regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling • interleukin-33-mediated signaling pathway • positive regulation of chemokine secretion • signal transduction • immune response • positive regulation of interleukin-5 production • cytokine-mediated signaling pathway Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	9173	17082
Ensembl	ENSG00000115602	ENSMUSG00000026069
UniProt	Q01638	P14719
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001282408 NM_003856 NM_016232 NM_173459	NM_001025602 NM_001294171 NM_010743
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001269337.1 NP_003847.2 NP_057316.3	NP_001020773.1 NP_001281100.1 NP_034873.2
Location (UCSC)	Chr 2: 102.31 – 102.35 Mb	Chr 1: 40.43 – 40.47 Mb
PubMed search	[2]	[3]
Wikidata

Interleukin 1 receptor-like 1, also known as IL1RL1 and ST2, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL1RL1 gene.^[4][5][6]

Function

IL1RL1 is a member of the Toll-like receptor superfamily based on the function of its intracelluar TIR domain, but its extracellular region is composed of immunoglobulin domains. Unlike other members of the family IL1RL1 does not induce an inflammatory response through activation of NF-κB, although it does activate MAP kinases.^[7]

ST2 is a member of the interleukin 1 receptor family. The ST2 protein has two isoforms and is directly implicated in the progression of cardiac disease: a soluble form (referred to as soluble ST2 or sST2) and a membrane-bound receptor form (referred to as the ST2 receptor or ST2L). The ligand for ST2 is the cytokine Interleukin-33(IL-33). Binding of IL-33 to the ST2 receptor, in response to cardiac disease or injury, such as an ischemic event, elicits a cardioprotective effect resulting in preserved cardiac function. This cardioprotective IL-33 signal is counterbalanced by the level of soluble ST2, which binds IL-33 and makes it unavailable to the ST2 receptor for cardioprotective signaling. As a result, the heart is subjected to greater stress in the presence of high levels of soluble ST2.

Molecular biology

The gene is found on the long arm of Chromosome 2 (2q12). It is 40,536 bases long and is located on the Watson (plus) strand. It encodes a protein of 556 amino acids (molecular weight 63,358 Da). Both membrane bound and soluble forms are known. The protein is known to interact with MyD88, IRAK1, IRAK4 and TRAF6. It appears to be essential for the normal function of T helper cells type 2 (Th2 cells).

Clinical significance

Mutations in this gene have been linked to atopic dermatitis and asthma.

The protein encoded by this gene serves as a cardiac biomarker.

References

Further reading