Hutt (New Zealand electorate)

Hutt was a New Zealand parliamentary electorate. It was one of the original electorates in 1853 and existed during two periods until 1978. It was represented by 13 Members of Parliament.

Population centres

The Representation Act 1900 had increased the membership of the House of Representatives from general electorates 70 to 76, and this was implemented through the 1902 electoral redistribution. In 1902, changes to the country quota affected the three-member electorates in the four main centres. The tolerance between electorates was increased to ±1,250 so that the Representation Commissions (since 1896, there had been separate commissions for the North and South Islands) could take greater account of communities of interest. These changes proved very disruptive to existing boundaries, and six electorates were established for the first time, and two electorates that previously existed were re-established, including Hutt.^[1]

The main population centre in the electorate was the city of Lower Hutt in the Hutt Valley.

History

The Hutt seat first existed from 1853 to 1870 as a two-member electorate.^[2]

At the opening of the 6th session of the 2nd Parliament on 10 April 1858,^[3] the speaker read out 14 resignations, including those of Dillon Bell and Samuel Revans.^[4] Bell moved to Otago and continued his political career there. On 31 July 1858, a by-election was held, and Alfred Renall and William Fitzherbert were returned.^[5]^[6]

From 1871 onwards, the electorate was a single-member constituency. Fitzherbert contested the general election on 29 December 1875 against Hutchison and obtained 178 votes, with Hutchison receiving 38.^[7] He retained the Hutt electorate until his resignation in 1879, so that he could appointed to the Legislative Council. H. Jackson won the resulting by-election against T. Mason,^[8] but Mason was successful against Jackson at the 1879 general election a few months later.^[9]

The electorate was abolished in 1893.^[2]

In 1902 the seat was recreated and was won by the Liberal leader Thomas Wilford. His party allegiance changed to the United Party, which took over from the Liberal Party by 1928. He resigned in 1929, and the ensuing by-election was won by Walter Nash. Nash became Minister of Finance and Prime Minister, who died in 1968. The seat was then held by Trevor Young, also for Labour.

When the seat was split into Eastern Hutt and Western Hutt in 1978, Young won the new Eastern Hutt seat for Labour.

Members of Parliament

Key:

Independent Conservative Liberal United Labour

1853 to 1870

From 1853 to 1870, Hutt was a two-member electorate represented by six Members of Parliament:^[2]

Election	Winners
1853 election		Edward Gibbon Wakefield	Alfred Ludlam
1855 election		Francis Dillon Bell
1856 by-election			Samuel Revans
1858 by-election		William Fitzherbert	Alfred Renall
1860 election
1866 election			Alfred Ludlam

1871 to 1893

From 1871 to 1893, the electorate was represented by a further four Members of Parliament, with Fitzherbert continuing his term:

Election	Winner
1871 election		William Fitzherbert^[6]
1875 election		William Fitzherbert^[6]
1879 by-election		Henry Jackson^[8]
1879 election		Thomas Mason^[9]^[10]
1881 election		Thomas Mason^[9]^[10]
1884 election		Henry Samuel Fitzherbert
1887 election		Henry Samuel Fitzherbert
1890 election		Alfred Newman
(Electorate abolished 1893)

1902 to 1978

From 1902 to 1978, the electorate was represented by three Members of Parliament:^[2]

Election	Winner
1902 election		Thomas Wilford
1905 election
1908 election
1911 election
1914 election
1919 election
1922 election
1925 election
1928 election
1929 by-election		Walter Nash
1931 election
1935 election
1938 election
1943 election
1946 election
1949 election
1951 election
1954 election
1957 election
1960 election
1963 election
1966 election
1968 by-election		Trevor Young
1969 election
1972 election
1975 election
(Electorate abolished 1978; see Western Hutt and Eastern Hutt)

Election results

1968 by-election

Hutt by-election, 1968
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Labour	Trevor Young	5,968	47.79
	National	John Kennedy-Good	4,576	36.64
	Social Credit	Tom Weal	1649	5.18
	Independent	N. G. Ursin	295	2.36
Majority			1,392	11.15
Turnout			12,488	68.04
Registered electors			18,354
	Labour hold		Swing

1966 election

General election, 1966: Hutt^[11]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Sir Walter Nash	7,861	51.7	-7.10
	National	John Kennedy-Good	5,912	38.9
	Social Credit	C B Dalglish	1,431	9.4
Majority			1,949	12.8	-8.72
Turnout			17,520	87.2	-2.70

1963 election

General election, 1963: Hutt^[11]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Walter Nash	8,865	58.6	+4.30
	National	V E Hampson-Tinadale	5,217	34.5
	Social Credit	D S Milne	972	6.4	-1.50
Majority			3,648	21.52	+4.72
Turnout			16,945	89.9	-0.20

1960 election

General election, 1960: Hutt^[11]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Walter Nash	7,614	54.3	-8.40
	National	G L Barker	5,265	37.5
	Social Credit	D S Milne	997	7.1	+2.60
	Independent	G Wain	115	0.8
	Communist	R G Hegman	40	0.3
Majority			2,349	16.8	-14.20
Turnout			15,712	90.1	-3.50

1957 election

General election, 1957: Hutt^[11]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Walter Nash	8,975	62.7	+2.40
	National	Lance Adams-Schneider	4,545	31.7
	Social Credit	D S Milne	808	5.6
Majority			4,430	31.0	+4.40
Turnout			15,381	93.6	+5.90

1954 election

General election, 1954: Hutt^[11]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Walter Nash	8,371	60.3	+3.6
	National	C G Costello	4,690	33.7
	Social Credit	T O Maddison	829	6.0
Majority			3,681	26.6	+10.70
Turnout			15,740	88.7	-1.20

1951 election

General election, 1951: Hutt^[12]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Walter Nash	8,872	57.7	±0
	National	J W Andrews	6,424	41.8
	World Socialist	T F Simpson	71	0.5	-0.20
Majority			2,248	15.9	-0.20
Turnout			17,161	89.9

1949 election

General election, 1949: Hutt^[13]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Walter Nash	8,153	57.7	-1.00
	National	H L Heatley	5,880	41.6
	World Socialist	T F Simpson	100	0.7	+0.30
Majority			2,273	16.1	-2.79
Turnout			15,480

1946 election

General election, 1946: Hutt^[14]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Walter Nash	8,025	58.7	-2.17
	National	J E F Vogel	5,438	39.7
	Independent Labour	G Laing	163	1.2
	World Socialist	T F Simpson	50	0.4
Majority			2,587	18.91	-17.38
Turnout			13,676

1943 election

General election, 1943: Hutt^[15]^[16]^[17]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Walter Nash	8,823	60.87	11.97
	Independent	J H Hogan	3,563	24.58
	National	N P Croft	3,017	20.81
	Democratic Labour	P Connors	437	3.01
Informal votes			178	1.22	+0.45
Majority			5,260	36.29	-10.15
Turnout			14,493

1938 election

General election, 1938: Hutt^[18]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Walter Nash	10,687	72.84	-1.48
	National	John William Andrews	3,873	26.39
Majority			6,814	46.44	-2.19
Informal votes			114	0.77
Turnout			14,671	95.93
Registered electors			15,292

1935 election

General election, 1935: Hutt^[19]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Walter Nash	11,107	74.32	+15.24
	United/Reform	Victor Emmanuel Jacobsen	3,838	25.68
Majority			7,269	48.63	+30.48
Turnout			14,945

1931 election

General election, 1931: Hutt^[20]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Walter Nash	9,187	59.08	+18.54
	United	James Kerr^{[nb 1]}	6,364	40.92	+2.09
Informal votes			116	0.74
Majority			2,823	18.15	+16.45
Turnout			15,667	86.98	+3.39
Registered electors			18,013

Table footnotes:

↑ For some biographical details of James Kerr refer to his father's article.

1929 by-election

Hutt by-election, 1929^[21]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Walter Nash	5,047	40.53	-4.55
	United	James Kerr^{[mb 1]}	4,835	38.83
	Reform	Harold Johnston^{[mb 2]}	2,570	20.64
Majority			212	1.70	-8.14
Informal votes			103	0.82	-1.31
Turnout			12,555	84.27	-6.67
Registered electors			14,898

Table footnotes:

↑ For some biographical details of Kerr refer to his father's article.
↑ For some biographical details of Johnston refer to his father's article.

1928 election

General election, 1928: Hutt^[22]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	United	Thomas Wilford	7,283	54.92	-3.21
	Labour	Walter Nash	5,978	45.08	+4.10
Informal votes			288	2.13	+1.26
Majority			1,305	9.84	-7.31
Turnout			13,549	90.95	-0.9
Registered electors			14,898

1925 election

General election, 1925: Hutt^[23]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Liberal	Thomas Wilford	6,080	58.13
	Labour	Walter Nash	4,286	40.98
Informal votes			92	0.87
Majority			1,794	17.15
Turnout			10,458	91.04
Registered electors			11,487

1890 election

General election, 1890: Hutt^[24]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Conservative	Alfred Newman	680	42.63
	Liberal	George Thomas London	502	31.47
	Independent	Charles Beard Izard	413	25.89
Majority			178	11.15
Turnout			1,595	66.45
Registered electors			2,400

1856 by-election

Hutt by-election, 1856^[25]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Independent	Samuel Revans	96	80.0
	Independent	George Hart	24	20.0
Turnout			120
Majority			72

Notes

↑ McRobie 1989, pp. 67f.
1 2 3 4 Wilson 1985, p. 265.
↑ "THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF NEW ZEALAND." (340). Otago Witness. 5 June 1858. p. 4. Retrieved 30 April 2010.
↑ "HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES." (340). Otago Witness. 5 June 1858. p. 5. Retrieved 30 April 2010.
↑ "Wellington". Hawke's Bay Herald. 1 (48). 21 August 1858. p. 3. Retrieved 3 July 2010.
1 2 Hamer, David (22 June 2007). "Fitzherbert, William 1810 - 1891". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Retrieved 1 July 2010.
↑ "The Hutt Election". The Evening Post. XII (154). 30 December 1875. p. 2. Retrieved 2 July 2010.
1 2 "The Hutt Election". The Evening Post. XVIII (3). 3 July 1879. p. 2. Retrieved 2 July 2010.
1 2 "The new Parliament". Clutha Leader. VI (310). 12 September 1879. p. 5. Retrieved 30 June 2010.
↑ "The Hutt Election". The Evening Post. XVIII (62). 10 September 1879. p. 2. Retrieved 2 July 2010.
1 2 3 4 5 Norton 1988.
↑ "The New Zealand Official Year-Book, 1951–52". Statistics New Zealand. Retrieved 19 November 2012.
↑ "The General Election, 1949". National Library. 1950. pp. 1–5, 8. Retrieved 3 January 2014.
↑ "The General Election, 1946". National Library. 1947. pp. 1–11, 14. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
↑ "The General Election, 1943". National Library. 1944. p. 11. Retrieved 28 March 2014.
↑ "Results from all Electorates". Evening Post. CXXXVI (76). 27 September 1943. p. 6. Retrieved 28 March 2014.
↑ "City Nominations". Evening Post. CXXXVI (61). 9 September 1943. p. 9. Retrieved 28 March 2014.
↑ "The General Election, 1938". National Library. 1939. pp. 1–6. Retrieved 8 February 2012.
↑ The New Zealand Official Year-Book. Government Printer. 1936. Retrieved 3 August 2013.
↑ The General Election, 1931. Government Printer. 1932. p. 3. Retrieved 2 November 2014.
↑ "The Hutt Seat". The Evening Post. CXII (108). 3 November 1931. p. 8. Retrieved 18 November 2014.
↑ The General Election, 1928. Government Printer. 1929. p. 3. Retrieved 19 November 2014.
↑ The General Election, 1925. Government Printer. 1926. p. 2. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
↑ "The General Election, 1890". National Library. 1891. Retrieved 25 February 2012.
↑ "Memorial of Merchants, Tradesmen, and Others". Lyttelton Times. VI (427). 6 December 1856. p. 3. Retrieved 2 May 2013.

References

McRobie, Alan (1989). Electoral Atlas of New Zealand. Wellington: GP Books. ISBN 0-477-01384-8.
Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103.

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