Frankland, Western Australia
| Frankland Western Australia | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
  Frankland | |||||||
| Coordinates | 34°22′S 117°05′E / 34.36°S 117.08°ECoordinates: 34°22′S 117°05′E / 34.36°S 117.08°E | ||||||
| Population | 380 (2006 census)[1] | ||||||
| Established | 1947 | ||||||
| Postcode(s) | 6396 | ||||||
| Elevation | 230 m (755 ft) | ||||||
| Location | |||||||
| LGA(s) | Shire of Cranbrook | ||||||
| State electorate(s) | Blackwood-Stirling | ||||||
| Federal Division(s) | O'Connor | ||||||
| |||||||
Frankland is a small town in the Great Southern Region of Western Australia. The town is in the shire of Cranbrook and is situated approximately 360 km from the State's capital, Perth, 42 km west of the Albany Highway, 83 km southwest of Kojonup, 19 km north of Rocky Gully and 90 km east of Manjimup. Frankland derives its name from its location 6 km east of the Frankland River. At the 2006 census, Frankland had a population of 380.[1]
History
Frankland River was named by the surgeon Dr Thomas Braidwood Wilson in 1829. Wilson, who was on his way to Sydney, left Albany to explore the hinterland while his ship, the Governor Phillip, was being repaired.[2] He named Frankland River and Mount Frankland after George Frankland (1800–38), who was the Surveyor General in Van Diemen's Land in 1829.[2] Wilson's explorations helped to show that conditions in the interior were suitable for farming and settlers soon began to move inland. The area was settled in 1857.[3]
The state government set aside land for the townsite by 1909 and built a hall and a school. No further developments took place for some time and the townsite was not declared until 1947.[4]
The town and region were known as Frankland River until 1935. After the building of a local post office, the postmaster shortened the name to Frankland because "Frankland River" was considered too long to fit on signs and documents.[5] Western Australia's first European settlement began at Albany in 1826. Gradually the pioneers set out to explore the hinterland, hoping to find areas that would be more suitable for pastoral and agricultural holdings than that of the land in the immediate vicinity of the first settlement. Originally settled by farming families in the late 19th century, following good reports from explorers to the region and due to its good soils, consistent, reliable rainfall, rivers and lakes, the land was cleared of its heavy wandoo, jarrah and marri to make way for pastures for grazing and arable land for cropping.
John Hassell, a retired sea captain, was responsible for opening up extensive areas in the south of the State during the 1850s. He owned large flocks of sheep, which needed the constant attention of shepherds, as the only fences in existence were post-and-rail. Many of the shepherds drove their flocks into the Frankland area, which has many small creeks surrounded by natural pasture that provided good feed in the autumn, winter and spring. The permanent waters of the Frankland and Gordon Rivers, and lakes such as Nunijup and Poorarecup also made the area attractive during summer. Gradually families followed the shepherds into the area, mainly looking for land. Frankland was one of the many districts to benefit from the completion of the Great Southern Railway in 1889. Although the line actually went through Cranbrook (47 km away) timber workers in the Frankland area were kept busy supplying railway sleepers for the line. Settlement of the district expanded when some of these men took up land in the area.
Frankland expanded with the influx of war veterans following World War II, mill workers, shearing teams, seasonal workers on local vineyards and olive groves, townsfolk, farmers and retirees.
Education
Education in the town was formally undertaken by the appointment of a head teacher and, as there was no schoolhouse built, the first teacher was given a tent with instructions to erect it for himself to house him until further accommodation could be found. Schooling was conducted in the town hall before World War II.
Wine region
- Frankland River is one of the five subregions of the Great Southern in Western Australia. It is situated in the northwestern corner of the region, its western boundary touching the eastern side of Manjimup. It is the most northerly, inland subregion of Great Southern, still Mediterranean in terms of dominant winter-spring rainfall, but with greater continentality, thus favoring Riesling, shiraz and cabernet sauvignon. A unique feature is a sea breeze which finds its way inland and cools the late afternoon temperature by about 2C. Total rainfall decreases from west to east, and salinity in the soil and surface water makes irrigation difficult. The answer is a complex and extensive system of very long collection channels and drains on slopes, plus holding dams and long-distance pumping. The gently rolling hill country is catchment for the Frankland, Gordon, Kent and Tone rivers. The soils are chiefly derived from granite or gneiss outcrops, and so are typically rich, red in color and of uniform depth. Lat: 34 39’S; Alt: 200–300 m; Hdd: 1441; Gsr: 310 mm; Mjt: 19C; Harvest: Mid-March to mid-April; Chief Viticultural Hazard: Drought; Birds.[6]
See also
References
- 1 2 Australian Bureau of Statistics (25 October 2007). "Frankland (State Suburb)". 2006 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 10 July 2011.
- 1 2 The Albany Advertiser, 8 January 1969
- ↑ History of Frankland, Fran Hilder, 1974.
- ↑ Western Australian Land Information Authority. "History of country town names – B". Retrieved 2007-06-08.
- ↑ The Franklander, Vol 4, No. 21, 30 November 2001
- ↑ James Halliday (2009). The Australian Wine Encyclopedia. Hardie Grant Books. ISBN 978-1-74066-774-6.