Forza d'Agrò
| Forza d'Agrò | ||
|---|---|---|
| Comune | ||
| Comune di Forza d'Agrò | ||
|
Church in Forza d'Agrò | ||
| ||
  Forza d'Agrò Location of Forza d'Agrò in Italy | ||
| Coordinates: 37°55′N 15°20′E / 37.917°N 15.333°E | ||
| Country | Italy | |
| Region |
.svg.png){kind=small} Sicily | |
| Province / Metropolitan city | Messina (ME) | |
| Government | ||
| • Mayor | Pasquale Fabio Di Cara | |
| Area | ||
| • Total | 11 km2 (4 sq mi) | |
| Elevation | 420 m (1,380 ft) | |
| Population (30 November 2011)[1] | ||
| • Total | 914 | |
| • Density | 83/km2 (220/sq mi) | |
| Demonym(s) | Forzesi | |
| Time zone | CET (UTC+1) | |
| • Summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+2) | |
| Postal code | 98030 | |
| Dialing code | 0942 | |
| Patron saint | Holy Crucifix | |
| Saint day | September 14 | |
| Website | Official website | |
Forza d'Agrò is a town and comune in the Metropolitan City of Messina, Sicily, southern Italy.
Forza d'Agrò is on the lower peak of a small mountain, while on the higher peak that overlooks the town are the remains of a Norman castle. Much of the town consists of traditional buildings and stone paved lanes that are impassable by car. Due to this lack of recent development, Forza d'Agrò has featured as the backdrop in a number of films, such as The Godfather trilogy.
History
It is not certain if Forza d'Agrò area was first settled by the Sicani or by the Sicels. There may have been a village or commercial port called Phoinix, while further inland there was a small town named Kallipolis or Agrilla, which was eventually destroyed.
The first Greek settlers arrived between 8th century and the 5th century BC, giving the town the name Arghennon akron, meaning "Silver Promontory", in reference to the current Cape S. Alessio. Over time, Akron changed to Argon then to Agron and finally to Agrò. Scanty remains of a fort-like structure located at the top of the mountain indicate that Forza D'Agrò had once been a fortress.
After the Roman conquest in 135 BC the Greek toponym of "Arghennon" was substituted by "Agrillae" or "Agrille". The village and its suburbs within the margins of the River Agrò became known by the Latin name Vicum Agrillae.
The zone was then passed on to the Byzantine domain which lasted from 536 AD to 827. During this period, the community adopted the Greek-oriental cult and the Monastery of the Church of S. Peter and Paul of Agrò was erected. In order to escape from foreign invasions the population moved more inland to Casale. In the 8th century, there were more frequent Arabian incursions, and perhaps during this period the Monastery d'Agrò was destroyed.
Under the reign of Roger I of Sicily and his successors the Castle of Forza D'Agrò was built and the reconstruction of the Monastery of S. Peter and Paul took place. "Vicum Agrillae" is mentioned for the first time in a decree of Roger II issued in 1117. When "Vicum" became too small for the expanding population, the people moved higher up the mountain to an area known as Magghia. The name given to the village was Fortilicium d'Agrò (Fortezza d'Agrò in Italian, meaning "Fortress of Agrò") later abbreviated to Forza D'Agrò. Starting from the 14th century the village slowly took shape and has been conserved to the present day.
In the anti-Spanish revolution of 1674, Forza D'Agrò remained loyal to the Spanish and it was treated as a territorial conquest. In the early 19th century English forces occupied the Castle of S. Alessio and the Castle of Forza D'Agrò to defend the area from Napoleonic attacks.
In the early 20th century many Forzesi emigrated to America.
Despite their presence being felt, the area of Forza D'Agrò was almost untouched by the Nazis. Those who were in danger were evacuated via a secret tunnel in the Cape of S. Alessio.
In 1948, the hamlet of S. Alessio detached itself from Forza d'Agrò, becoming an autonomous comune.
References
Sources
- Arcadipane, Girolamo (1991). Forza d'Agrò. Greco.