Canrenone

Canrenone
Skeletal formula of canrenone
Ball-and-stick model of the canrenone molecule
Clinical data
Trade names Contaren, Luvion, Phanurane, Spiroletan
AHFS/Drugs.com International Drug Names
ATC code C03DA03 (WHO)
Pharmacokinetic data
Protein binding 95%
Biological half-life 10–35 hours
Identifiers
Synonyms RP-11614, SC-9376
CAS Number 976-71-6 N
PubChem (CID) 13789
ChemSpider 13192 YesY
UNII 78O20X9J0U YesY
ChEMBL CHEMBL1463345 N
Chemical and physical data
Formula C22H28O3
Molar mass 340.456 g/mol
3D model (Jmol) Interactive image
 NYesY (what is this?)  (verify)

Canrenone (INN, USAN) (brand names Contaren, Luvion, Phanurane, Spiroletan), also known as aldadiene,[1] is a steroidal antimineralocorticoid and weak antiandrogen and progestogen[2][3] of the spirolactone group related to spironolactone which is or has been used as a diuretic in Europe, including in Italy and Belgium.[4][5][6]

Canrenone is an active metabolite of spironolactone, canrenoic acid, and potassium canrenoate, and is believed to be partially or largely responsible for their effects (depending on the drug in question).[7]

Canrenone is more potent as an antimineralocorticoid relative to spironolactone, but is considerably less potent and effective as an antiandrogen.[8][9] Similarly to spironolactone, canrenone inhibits steroidogenic enzymes such as 11β-hydroxylase, cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme, 17α-hydroxylase, and 21-hydroxylase, but once again, is comparatively less potent in doing so.[10]

Canrenone has been found to be effective in the treatment of hirsutism in women.[11]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Jürg Müller (6 December 2012). Regulation of Aldosterone Biosynthesis: Physiological and Clinical Aspects. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 164–. ISBN 978-3-642-83120-1.
  2. ↑ Losert, W; Casals-Stenzel, J; Buse, M (1985). "Progestogens with antimineralocorticoid activity". Arzneimittelforschung. 35 (2): 459–71. PMID 4039568.
  3. ↑ Fernandez, MD; Carter, GD; Palmer, TN (1983). "The interaction of canrenone with oestrogen and progesterone receptors in human uterine cytosol". Br J Clin Pharmacol. 15 (1): 95–101. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1983.tb01470.x. PMC 1427833Freely accessible. PMID 6849751.
  4. ↑ Hill, R.A.; Makin, H.L.J.; Kirk, D.N.; Murphy, G.M. (23 May 1991). Dictionary of Steroids. CRC Press. pp. 656–. ISBN 978-0-412-27060-4.
  5. ↑ Romanelli, RG; Gentilini, P (May 2004). "Cross reactivity due to positive canrenone interference". Gut. 53 (5): 772–3. PMC 1774040Freely accessible. PMID 15082604.
  6. ↑ Index Nominum 2000: International Drug Directory. Taylor & Francis. January 2000. pp. 167–. ISBN 978-3-88763-075-1.
  7. ↑ Clark, Michelle A.; Harvey, Richard A.; Finkel, Richard; Rey, Jose A.; Whalen, Karen (15 December 2011). Pharmacology. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 286–. ISBN 978-1-4511-1314-3.
  8. ↑ Coelingh Benni, H.J.T.; Vemer, H.M. (15 December 1990). Chronic Hyperandrogenic Anovulation. CRC Press. pp. 152–. ISBN 978-1-85070-322-8.
  9. ↑ Seldin, Donald W.; Giebisch, Gerhard H. (23 September 1997). Diuretic Agents: Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology. Academic Press. pp. 630–. ISBN 978-0-08-053046-8.
  10. ↑ Colby HD (1981). "Chemical suppression of steroidogenesis". Environ. Health Perspect. 38: 119–27. doi:10.1289/ehp.8138119. PMC 1568425Freely accessible. PMID 6786868.
  11. ↑ Sobbrio, GA; Granata, A; Panacea, A; Trimarchi, F (1989). "Effectiveness of short term canrenone treatment in idiopathic hirsutism". Minerva Endocrinol. 14 (2): 105–8. PMID 2761494.
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