Baker Street Mill, Orsett

Orsett Mill
The converted mill, July 2005
Origin
Mill name	Baker Street Mill
Mill location	TQ 633 813 51°30′22″N 0°21′11″E / 51.506°N 0.353°E / 51.506; 0.353)
Operator(s)	Private
Year built	Late 18th century
Information
Purpose	Corn mill
Type	Smock mill
Storeys	Three-storey smock
Base storeys	Two-storey base
Smock sides	Eight-sided smock
Number of sails	Four sails
Type of sails	Double Patent Sails
Windshaft	Cast iron
Winding	Fantail
Fantail blades	Eight blades
Auxiliary power	Steam mill adjoining
Number of pairs of millstones	Three pairs

Baker Street Mill is a grade II listed^[1] smock mill at Baker Street, Orsett, Essex, England which has been part adapted to residential use on its lower two floors only.

History

The derelict mill in 1964

Baker Street Mill is said to have been built in 1765, although a date of 1762 is recorded in the mill. The earliest firm reference for the mill is 1796, this from a sale notice in 1808. It is likely that the mill was raised a storey between 1762 and 1814. The mill was working by wind until 1914. A steam mill was built near the mill towards the end of its working life, a new boiler being supplied in 1906.^[2]

The mill gradually became more and more derelict, losing two sails in 1926 to a lightning strike. The windmill and steam mill were converted to residential accommodation in 1982.^[2]

Description

For an explanation of the various pieces of machinery, see Mill machinery.

Baker Street Mill is a three-storey smock mill on a two-storey brick base, with a stage at first-floor level. The mill had four double patent sails, and the Kentish-style cap is winded by a fantail.^[2]

Mill

Baker Street Mill has an octagonal two-storey brick base, the walls of which are almost 3 feet (914 mm) thick at ground level. The base is 20 feet 4 inches (6.20 m) across the flats and 18 feet 6 inches (5.64 m) high, the brickwork at the top of the base is about 18 inches (457 mm) thick.^[3]

The smock is 21 feet 8 inches (6.60 m) from sill to curb. The mill is 11 feet (3.35 m) diameter at the curb, the cant posts being about 10 inches (254 mm) square. The stage is at first-floor level, 8 feet 6 inches (2.59 m) above the ground.^[3]

The cap is of Kentish style, with blisters for the brake wheel, with an overall height of some 8 feet (2.44 m), giving the mill an overall height of about 46 feet 6 inches (14.17 m). Winding is by an eight-bladed fantail, although originally the mill was winded by hand.^[3]

Sails and windshaft

Baker Street Mill has a cast-iron windshaft and four double patent sails. The windshaft was originally a wooden one. The last working sails were an odd pair, the outer pair having eight bays of four shutters and one bay of three, the inner pair having eleven bays of three shutters.^[3]

Machinery

The wooden brake wheel is of clasp arm construction, 8 feet (2.44 m) diameter. It has been converted from compass arm construction. The rim is of elm.^[3] The Wallower is wooden, as is the upright shaft. The compass arm great spur wheel is 7 feet (2.13 m) diameter, and has six arms. The mill originally worked two pairs of overdrift millstones, with a third pair being added later.^[3]

Fantail

Baker Street Mill was winded by an eight-bladed fantail, replacing the original hand winding by means of a Y wheel and chain, which was retained as a standby method of winding the mill.

Millers

James Woollings 1830-1839
William Woolings 1848-1886
Emma Woolings 1890-1894
Thomas Ridgewell 1898
Christopher Moore 1902
Arthur William Cocks 1908
William Scott 1910
H Lindsey 1912

References for above:-^[2]

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Baker Street Mill, Orsett.

Windmill World webpage on Baker Street Mill

References

↑ "BAKER STREET WINDMILL, BAKER STREET, ORSETT, THURROCK, ESSEX". English Heritage. Archived from the original on 2009-02-07. Retrieved 2008-07-17.
1 2 3 4 Farries, Kenneth (1985). Essex Windmills, Millers and Millwrights - Volume Four- A Review by Parishes, F-R. Edinburgh: Charles Skilton. pp. 93–94. ISBN 0-284-98642-9.
1 2 3 4 5 6 Farries, Kenneth (1984). Essex Windmills, Millers and Millwrights - Volume Two - A Technical Review. Edinburgh: Charles Skilton. pp. 46–52. ISBN 0-284-98637-2.

Windmills in England

East	Bedfordshire Cambridgeshire Essex Ashdon Aythorpe Roding Bocking Churchstreet Clavering Debden Finchingfield Fryerning Great Bardfield Great Dunmow Mountnessing Orsett Ramsey Rayleigh South Ockendon Stansted Mountfitchet Stock Terling Thaxted Tiptree Toppesfield White Roding Hertfordshire Ardeley Brent Pelham Croxley Green King's Walden North Mymms Reed Tring Weston Norfolk Aslacton Aylsham Blakeney Billingford Burnham Overy Staithe Union Carbrooke Caston Catfield Cley Denver Diss East Dereham East Harling East Runton East Wretham Garboldisham Gayton Great Bircham Great Ellingham Hickling Hindringham Ingleborough Old Buckenham Thrigby West Winch Weybourne Norfolk Drainage mills Berney Arms Boardman’s Brograve Catfield Clayrack Horning Horsey Hunsett Lambrigg Lockgate Palmer’s Reedham Starston Stubb Suffolk Aldeburgh Bardwell Barnham Blundeston Bungay Burgh Buxhall Clare Cockfield Corton Creeting St Mary Crowfield Dalham Drinkstone Eastbridge Framsden Friston Gazeley Great Thurlow Great Welnetham Herringfleet Holton Kelsale Lound Pakenham Reydon Saxtead Green Stanton Stowmarket Syleham Thelnetham Thorpeness Walberswick Walton Woodbridge Buttrum's Tricker's

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List of windmills in the United Kingdom

Thurrock

Traditional parishes in Thurrock	Aveley Bulphan Chadwell St Mary Corringham East Tilbury Fobbing Grays Horndon-on-the-Hill Langdon Hills Little Thurrock Mucking Orsett South Ockendon Stanford-le-Hope Stifford West Thurrock West Tilbury

Other places in Thurrock	Baker Street Belhus Biggin Bill Meroy Creek Chafford Gorges Nature Park Chafford Hundred Globe Pit Hangman's Wood High House, Purfleet Lower Horse Mardyke (river) Orsett Heath Purfleet Rainham Marshes Nature Reserve Shell Haven Terrel's Heath Thurrock Thameside Nature Park Tilbury Town

Historic Buildings in Thurrock	Baker Street Mill, Orsett Bata Factory Belmont Castle Coalhouse Fort The Dell High House, Purfleet Orsett Hall South Ockendon Windmill State Cinema Tilbury Fort

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