95th United States Congress

95th United States Congress

94th ← → 96th United States Capitol (2002) Duration: January 3, 1977 – January 3, 1979 Senate President: Nelson Rockefeller (R) (until Jan 20, 1977) Walter Mondale (D) (from Jan 20, 1977) Senate Pres. pro tem: James Eastland (D) House Speaker: Tip O'Neill (D) Members: 100 Senators 435 Representatives 5 Non-voting members Senate Majority: Democratic House Majority: Democratic Sessions 1st: January 4, 1977 – December 15, 1977 2nd: January 19, 1978 – October 15, 1978

The Ninety-fifth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1977 to January 3, 1979, during the first two years of the administration of U.S. President Jimmy Carter.

The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Nineteenth Census of the United States in 1970. Both chambers had a Democratic majority. It was the first time either party held a filibuster-proof 60% super majority in both the Senate and House chambers since the 89th United States Congress in 1965, and last time until the 111th United States Congress in 2009. All three super majorities were Democratic party and also were accompanied by Democratic Presidents.^[1] As of 2015, this is the most recent Congress to approve an amendment (the unratified District of Columbia Voting Rights Amendment) to the Constitution.

Major events

• January 20, 1977: Inauguration of President Jimmy Carter and Vice President Walter Mondale
• July 13, 1977: New York City blackout of 1977
• January 1, 1978: The Northern Mariana Islands left the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands to become a Commonwealth of the United States, making it unincorporated and organized.
• February 8, 1978: Senate proceedings are broadcast on radio for the first time.
• August 7, 1978: Love Canal Disaster
• September 17, 1978: Camp David Accords

Hearings

• Project MKULTRA — (Church Committee, Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, Senate Human Resources subcommittee on Health and Scientific Research)

Major legislation

• August 3, 1977: Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act, Pub.L. 95–87, 91 Stat. 445
• August 4, 1977: Department of Energy Organization Act of 1977, Pub.L. 95–91, 91 Stat. 565
• October 12, 1977: Community Reinvestment Act, Pub.L. 95–128, title VIII, 91 Stat. 1147
• November 23, 1977: Saccharin Study and Labeling Act of 1977, Pub.L. 95–203, 91 Stat. 1451
• December 27, 1977: Clean Water Act, Pub.L. 95–217, 91 Stat. 1566
• December 28, 1977: International Emergency Economic Powers Act, Pub.L. 95–223, title II, 91 Stat. 1626
• March 10, 1978: Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act of 1978, Pub.L. 95–242, 92 Stat. 120
• October 10, 1978: Susan B. Anthony Dollar Coin Act of 1979, Pub.L. 95–447, 92 Stat. 1072
• October 13, 1978: Civil Service Reform Act, Pub.L. 95–454, 92 Stat. 1111
• October 24, 1978: Airline Deregulation Act, Pub.L. 95–504, 92 Stat. 1705
• October 25, 1978: Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act, Pub.L. 95–511, 92 Stat. 1783
• October 26, 1978: Ethics in Government Act, Pub.L. 95–521, 92 Stat. 1824
• October 27, 1978: Humphrey-Hawkins Full Employment Act, Pub.L. 95–523, 92 Stat. 1887
• October 31, 1978: Pregnancy Discrimination Act, Pub.L. 95–555, 92 Stat. 2076
• November 1, 1978: Contract Disputes Act, Pub.L. 95–563, 92 Stat. 2383
• November 4, 1978: Solar Photovoltaic Energy Research, Development, and Demonstration Act of 1978, Pub.L. 95–590, 92 Stat. 2513
• November 6, 1978: Bankruptcy Act of 1978, Pub.L. 95–598, 92 Stat. 2549
• November 8, 1978: Indian Child Welfare Act, Pub.L. 95–608, 92 Stat. 3069
• November 9, 1978: National Energy Conservation Policy Act, Pub.L. 95–619, 92 Stat. 3206

Approved Constitutional amendments

• August 22, 1978: District of Columbia Voting Rights Amendment (unratified; ratification period expired in 1985)

Treaties ratified

• March 16, 1978: First of the Torrijos-Carter Treaties (Panama Canal) treaty: "The Treaty Concerning the Permanent Neutrality and Operation of the Panama Canal," commonly known as the "Neutrality Treaty"
• April 19, 1978: Second of the Torrijos-Carter Treaties treaty, commonly known as "The Panama Canal Treaty"

Party summary

Senate

Party standings on the opening day of the 95th Congress

  61 Democratic Senators

  1 Independent Senator, caucusing with Democrats

  38 Republican Senators

House of Representatives

Leadership

Senate

• President of the Senate: Nelson Rockefeller (R), until January 20, 1977
  • Walter Mondale (D), from January 20, 1977
• President pro tempore: James Eastland (D)

Majority (Democratic) leadership

• Majority Leader: Robert Byrd
• Majority Whip: Alan Cranston

Minority (Republican) leadership

• Minority Leader: Howard Baker
• Minority Whip: Ted Stevens

House of Representatives

• Speaker: Tip O'Neill (D)

Majority (Democratic) leadership

• Majority Leader: Jim Wright
• Majority Whip: John Brademas

Minority (Republican) leadership

• Minority Leader: John Jacob Rhodes
• Minority Whip: Robert H. Michel

Caucuses

• Congressional Black Caucus
• Congressional Hispanic Caucus
• Congressional Caucus for Women's Issues
• House Democratic Caucus

Members

Senate

House of Representatives

Members of the House of Representatives elected statewide at-large, are preceded by "At-large," and the names of those elected from districts, are preceded by their district numbers.

Many of the congressional district numbers are linked to articles describing the district itself. Since the boundaries of the districts have changed often and substantially, the linked article may only describe the district as it exists today, and not as it was at the time of this Congress.

Alabama (4-3 Democratic) 1. Jack Edwards (R) 2. Bill Dickinson (R) 3. Bill Nichols (D) 4. Tom Bevill (D) 5. Ronnie Flippo (D) 6. John Hall Buchanan, Jr. (R) 7. Walter Flowers (D) Alaska (1 Republican) At-large. Don Young (R) Arizona (2-2 split) 1. John Jacob Rhodes (R) 2. Mo Udall (D) 3. Bob Stump (D) 4. Eldon D. Rudd (R) Arkansas (2-2 split) 1. Bill Alexander, Jr. (D) 2. Jim Guy Tucker (D) 3. John Paul Hammerschmidt (R) 4. Ray Thornton (D) California (29-14 Democratic) 1. Harold T. Johnson (D) 2. Donald H. Clausen (R) 3. John E. Moss (D), until December 31, 1978 4. Robert L. Leggett (D) 5. John L. Burton (D) 6. Phillip Burton (D) 7. George Miller (D) 8. Ronald V. Dellums (D) 9. Pete Stark (D) 10. Don Edwards (D) 11. Leo Ryan (D), until November 18, 1978 12. Paul N. McCloskey, Jr. (R) 13. Norman Mineta (D) 14. John J. McFall (D), until December 31, 1978 15. B. F. Sisk (D) 16. Leon Panetta (D) 17. John Hans Krebs (D) 18. William M. Ketchum (R), until June 24, 1978 19. Robert J. Lagomarsino (R) 20. Barry Goldwater, Jr. (R) 21. James C. Corman (D) 22. Carlos J. Moorhead (R) 23. Anthony C. Beilenson (D) 24. Henry Waxman (D) 25. Edward R. Roybal (D) 26. John H. Rousselot (R) 27. Robert K. Dornan (R) 28. Yvonne B. Burke (D) 29. Augustus F. Hawkins (D) 30. George E. Danielson (D) 31. Charles H. Wilson (D) 32. Glenn M. Anderson (D) 33. Del M. Clawson (R), until December 31, 1978 34. Mark W. Hannaford (D) 35. James F. Lloyd (D) 36. George Brown, Jr. (D) 37. Shirley Neil Pettis (R) 38. Jerry M. Patterson (D) 39. Charles E. Wiggins (R) 40. Robert E. Badham (R) 41. Bob Wilson (R) 42. Lionel Van Deerlin (D) 43. Clair W. Burgener (R) Colorado (3-2 Democratic) 1. Patricia Schroeder (D) 2. Tim Wirth (D) 3. Frank Evans (D) 4. James Paul Johnson (R) 5. William L. Armstrong (R) Connecticut (4-2 Democratic) 1. William Ross Cotter (D) 2. Christopher John Dodd (D) 3. Robert Nicholas Giaimo (D) 4. Stewart Brett McKinney (R) 5. Ronald A. Sarasin (R) 6. Toby Moffett (D) Delaware (1 Republican) At-large. Thomas B. Evans, Jr. (R) Florida (10-5 Democratic) 1. Robert L.F. Sikes (D) 2. Don Fuqua (D) 3. Charles Edward Bennett (D) 4. William V. Chappell, Jr. (D) 5. Richard Kelly (R) 6. Bill Young (R) 7. Sam M. Gibbons (D) 8. Andy Ireland (D) 9. Louis Frey, Jr. (R) 10. Louis A. Bafalis (R) 11. Paul G. Rogers (D) 12. J. Herbert Burke (R) 13. William Lehman (D) 14. Claude Pepper (D) 15. Dante B. Fascell (D) Georgia (10 Democrats) 1. Ronald B. Ginn (D) 2. Dawson Mathis (D) 3. Jack T. Brinkley (D) 4. Elliott H. Levitas (D) 5. Andrew Young (D), until January 29, 1977 Wyche Fowler (D), from April 6, 1977 6. John J. Flynt, Jr. (D) 7. Lawrence P. McDonald (D) 8. Billy Lee Evans (D) 9. Edgar L. Jenkins (D) 10. Doug Barnard, Jr. (D) Hawaii (2 Democrats) 1. Cecil Heftel (D) 2. Daniel Akaka (D) Idaho (2 Republicans) 1. Steve Symms (R) 2. George V. Hansen (R) Illinois (12-12 split) 1. Ralph Metcalfe (D), until October 10, 1978 2. Morgan F. Murphy (D) 3. Marty Russo (D) 4. Edward J. Derwinski (R) 5. John G. Fary (D) 6. Henry J. Hyde (R) 7. Cardiss Collins (D) 8. Daniel D. Rostenkowski (D) 9. Sidney R. Yates (D) 10. Abner J. Mikva (D) 11. Frank Annunzio (D) 12. Philip M. Crane (R) 13. Robert McClory (R) 14. John N. Erlenborn (R) 15. Tom Corcoran (R) 16. John B. Anderson (R) 17. George M. O'Brien (R) 18. Robert H. Michel (R) 19. Thomas F. Railsback (R) 20. Paul Findley (R) 21. Edward Rell Madigan (R) 22. George E. Shipley (D) 23. Melvin Price (D) 24. Paul M. Simon (D) Indiana (8-3 Democratic) 1. Adam Benjamin, Jr. (D) 2. Floyd Fithian (D) 3. John Brademas (D) 4. J. Danforth Quayle III (R) 5. Elwood Hillis (R) 6. David W. Evans (D) 7. John T. Myers (R) 8. David L. Cornwell (D) 9. Lee H. Hamilton (D) 10. Philip R. Sharp (D) 11. Andrew Jacobs, Jr. (D) Iowa (4-2 Democratic) 1. Jim Leach (R) 2. Michael T. Blouin (D) 3. Charles E. Grassley (R) 4. Neal Smith (D) 5. Tom Harkin (D) 6. Berkley Bedell (D) Kansas (3-2 Republican) 1. Keith Sebelius (R) 2. Martha Elizabeth Keys (D) 3. E. Lawrence Winn, Jr. (R) 4. Dan Glickman (D) 5. Joe Skubitz, Jr. (R), until December 31, 1978 Kentucky (5-2 Democratic) 1. Carroll Hubbard, Jr. (D) 2. William H. Natcher (D) 3. Romano L. Mazzoli (D) 4. M. Gene Snyder (R) 5. Tim Lee Carter (R) 6. John B. Breckinridge (D) 7. Carl D. Perkins (D) Louisiana (6-2 Democratic) 1. Richard A. Tonry (D), until May 4, 1977 Bob Livingston (R), from August 27, 1977 2. Lindy Boggs (D) 3. David C. Treen (R) 4. Joseph D. Waggonner, Jr. (D) 5. Jerry Huckaby (D) 6. Henson Moore (R) 7. John B. Breaux (D) 8. Gillis W. Long (D) Maine (2 Republicans) 1. David F. Emery (R) 2. William Cohen (R) Maryland (5-3 Democratic) 1. Robert Bauman (R) 2. Clarence D. Long (D) 3. Barbara Mikulski (D) 4. Marjorie Holt (R) 5. Gladys Spellman (D) 6. Goodloe Byron (D), until October 11, 1978 7. Parren Mitchell (D) 8. Newton Steers (R) Massachusetts (10-2 Democratic) 1. Silvio O. Conte (R) 2. Edward P. Boland (D) 3. Joseph Early (D) 4. Robert Drinan (D) 5. Paul Tsongas (D) 6. Michael J. Harrington (D) 7. Edward Markey (D) 8. Thomas P. (Tip) O'Neill, Jr. (D) 9. Joe Moakley (D) 10. Margaret M. Heckler (R) 11. James A. Burke (D) 12. Gerry Studds (D) Michigan (11-8 Democratic) 1. John Conyers, Jr. (D) 2. Carl Pursell (R) 3. Garry E. Brown (R) 4. David Stockman (R) 5. Harold S. Sawyer (R) 6. Bob Carr (D) 7. Dale Kildee (D) 8. Bob Traxler (D) 9. Guy A. Vander Jagt (R) 10. Elford A. Cederberg (R), until December 31, 1978 11. Philip E. Ruppe (R) 12. David Bonior (D) 13. Charles C. Diggs, Jr. (D) 14. Lucien N. Nedzi (D) 15. William D. Ford (D) 16. John D. Dingell, Jr. (D) 17. William M. Brodhead (D) 18. James J. Blanchard (D) 19. William S. Broomfield (R) Minnesota (5-3 Democratic) 1. Al Quie (R) 2. Tom Hagedorn (R) 3. Bill Frenzel (R) 4. Bruce Vento (DFL) 5. Donald M. Fraser (DFL) 6. Richard Nolan (DFL) 7. Robert Bergland (DFL), until January 22, 1977 Arlan Stangeland (R), from February 22, 1977 8. Jim Oberstar, (DFL) Mississippi (3-2 Democratic) 1. Jamie L. Whitten (D) 2. David R. Bowen (D) 3. Gillespie V. Montgomery (D) 4. Thad Cochran (R), until December 26, 1978 5. Trent Lott (R) Missouri (8-2 Democratic) 1. William L. Clay, Sr. (D) 2. Robert A. Young (D) 3. Dick Gephardt (D) 4. Ike Skelton (D) 5. Richard W. Bolling (D) 6. Tom Coleman (R) 7. Gene Taylor (R) 8. Richard H. Ichord, II (D) 9. Harold L. Volkmer (D) 10. William Dean Burlison (D)

Montana (1-1 split) 1. Max Baucus (D), until December 14, 1978 2. Ron Marlenee (R) Nebraska (2-1 Republican) 1. Charles Thone (R) 2. John Joseph Cavanaugh III (D) 3. Virginia Smith (R) Nevada (1 Democrat) At-large. James David Santini (D) New Hampshire (1-1 split) 1. Norman D'Amours (D) 2. James C. Cleveland (R) New Jersey (11-4 Democratic) 1. James J. Florio (D) 2. William J. Hughes (D) 3. James J. Howard (D) 4. Frank Thompson, Jr. (D) 5. Millicent Fenwick (R) 6. Edwin B. Forsythe (R) 7. Andrew Maguire (D) 8. Robert A. Roe (D) 9. Harold C. Hollenbeck (R) 10. Peter W. Rodino, Jr. (D) 11. Joseph G. Minish (D) 12. Matthew J. Rinaldo (R) 13. Helen Stevenson Meyner (D) 14. Joseph A. LeFante (D), until December 14, 1978 15. Edward J. Patten (D) New Mexico (1-1 split) 1. Manuel Lujan, Jr. (R) 2. Harold L. Runnels (D) New York (28-11 Democratic) 1. Otis G. Pike (D) 2. Thomas J. Downey (D) 3. Jerome A. Ambro, Jr. (D) 4. Norman F. Lent (R) 5. John W. Wydler (R) 6. Lester L. Wolff (D) 7. Joseph P. Addabbo (D) 8. Benjamin S. Rosenthal (D) 9. James J. Delaney (D), until December 31, 1978 10. Mario Biaggi (D) 11. James H. Scheuer (D) 12. Shirley Chisholm (D) 13. Stephen J. Solarz (D) 14. Frederick W. Richmond (D) 15. Leo C. Zeferetti (D) 16. Elizabeth Holtzman (D) 17. John M. Murphy (D) 18. Edward I. Koch (D), until December 31, 1977 S. William Green (R), from February 14, 1978 19. Charles B. Rangel (D) 20. Theodore S. Weiss (D) 21. Herman Badillo (D-L), until December 31, 1977 Robert Garcia (R-L, then D), from February 14, 1978, changed parties February 21, 1978 22. Jonathan Brewster Bingham (D) 23. Bruce Faulkner Caputo (R) 24. Richard Ottinger (D) 25. Hamilton Fish IV (R) 26. Benjamin A. Gilman (R) 27. Matthew F. McHugh (D) 28. Samuel S. Stratton (D) 29. Edward W. Pattison (D) 30. Robert C. McEwen (R) 31. Donald J. Mitchell (R) 32. James M. Hanley (D) 33. William F. Walsh (R) 34. Frank Horton (R) 35. Barber B. Conable, Jr. (R) 36. John J. LaFalce (D) 37. Henry J. Nowak (D) 38. Jack Kemp (R) 39. Stanley N. Lundine (D) North Carolina (9-2 Democratic) 1. Walter B. Jones, Sr. (D) 2. Lawrence H. Fountain (D) 3. Charles O. Whitley (D) 4. Ike F. Andrews (D) 5. Stephen L. Neal (D) 6. L. Richardson Preyer (D) 7. Charlie Rose (D) 8. Bill Hefner (D) 9. James G. Martin (R) 10. James T. Broyhill (R) 11. V. Lamar Gudger (D) North Dakota (1 Republican) 1. Mark Andrews (R) Ohio (13-10 Republican) 1. Willis D. Gradison Jr. (R) 2. Thomas A. Luken (D) 3. Charles W. Whalen, Jr. (R) 4. Tennyson Guyer (R) 5. Delbert L. Latta (R) 6. William H. Harsha (R) 7. Clarence J. Brown, Jr. (R) 8. Thomas N. Kindness (R) 9. Thomas W. L. Ashley (D) 10. Clarence E. Miller (R) 11. J. William Stanton (R) 12. Samuel L. Devine (R) 13. Donald J. Pease (D) 14. John F. Seiberling (D) 15. Chalmers P. Wylie (R) 16. Ralph S. Regula (R) 17. John M. Ashbrook (R) 18. Douglas Applegate (D) 19. Charles J. Carney (D) 20. Mary Rose Oakar (D) 21. Louis Stokes (D) 22. Charles A. Vanik (D) 23. Ronald M. Mottl (D) Oklahoma (5-1 Democratic) 1. James Robert Jones (D) 2. Ted Risenhoover (D) 3. Wes Watkins (D) 4. Thomas J. Steed (D) 5. Mickey Edwards (R) 6. Glenn English (D) Oregon (4 Democrats) 1. Les AuCoin (D) 2. Albert C. Ullman (D) 3. Robert B. Duncan (D) 4. James H. Weaver (D) Pennsylvania (17-8 Democratic) 1. Michael J. Myers (D) 2. Robert N.C. Nix, Sr. (D) 3. Raymond F. Lederer (D) 4. Joshua Eilberg (D) 5. Richard T. Schulze (R) 6. Gus Yatron (D) 7. Robert W. Edgar (D) 8. Peter H. Kostmayer (D) 9. Bud Shuster (R) 10. Joseph M. McDade (R) 11. Daniel J. Flood (D) 12. John P. Murtha (D) 13. R. Lawrence Coughlin (R) 14. William S. Moorhead (D) 15. Frederick B. Rooney (D) 16. Robert S. Walker (R) 17. Allen E. Ertel (D) 18. Doug Walgren (D) 19. William F. Goodling (R) 20. Joseph M. Gaydos (D) 21. John H. Dent (D) 22. Austin J. Murphy (D) 23. Joseph S. Ammerman (D) 24. Marc L. Marks (R) 25. Gary A. Myers (R) Rhode Island (2 Democrats) 2. Fernand St. Germain (D) 1. Edward Beard (D) South Carolina (5-1 Democratic) 1. Mendel J. Davis (D) 2. Floyd Spence (R) 3. Butler Derrick (D) 4. James R. Mann (D) 5. Kenneth Lamar Holland (D) 6. John Jenrette (D) South Dakota (2 Republicans) 1. Larry Pressler (R) 2. James Abdnor (R) Tennessee (5-3 Democratic) 1. James H. Quillen (R) 2. John J. Duncan, Sr. (R) 3. Marilyn Lloyd (D) 4. Albert A. Gore Jr. (D) 5. Clifford Allen (D), until June 18, 1978 6. Robin L. Beard, Jr. (R) 7. Ed Jones (D) 8. Harold Ford, Sr. (D) Texas (22-2 Democratic) 1. Sam B. Hall (D) 2. Charles Wilson (D) 3. James M. Collins (R) 4. H. Ray Roberts (D) 5. Jim Mattox (D) 6. Olin E. Teague (D), until December 31, 1978 7. William Reynolds Archer, Jr. (R) 8. Robert C. Eckhardt (D) 9. Jack B. Brooks (D) 10. James J. (Jake) Pickle (D) 11. William R. Poage (D), until December 31, 1978 12. James C. Wright, Jr. (D) 13. Jack Hightower (D) 14. John A. Young (D) 15. Eligio (Kika) de la Garza, II (D) 16. Richard C. White (D) 17. Omar T. Burleson (D), until December 31, 1978 18. Barbara Jordan (D) 19. George H. Mahon (D) 20. Henry B. González (D) 21. Robert Krueger (D) 22. Robert Gammage (D) 23. Abraham Kazen, Jr. (D) 24. Dale Milford (D) Utah (1-1 split) 1. K. Gunn McKay (D) 2. David Daniel Marriott (R) Vermont (1 Republican) At-large. Jim Jeffords (R) Virginia (6-4 Republican) 1. Paul S. Trible, Jr. (R) 2. G. William Whitehurst (R) 3. David E. Satterfield III (D) 4. Robert Williams Daniel, Jr. (R) 5. Dan Daniel (D) 6. M. Caldwell Butler (R) 7. James Kenneth Robinson (R) 8. Herbert Eugene Harris II (D) 9. William C. Wampler (R) 10. Joseph L. Fisher (D) Washington (6-1 Democratic) 1. Joel Pritchard (R) 2. E. Lloyd Meeds (D) 3. Don Bonker (D) 4. Mike McCormack (D) 5. Thomas S. Foley (D) 6. Norman Dicks (D) 7. Brockman Adams (D), until January 22, 1977 John E. Cunningham (R)from May 17, 1977 West Virginia (4 Democrats) 1. Robert H. Mollohan (D) 2. Harley O. Staggers (D) 3. John M. Slack (D) 4. Nick Rahall (D) Wisconsin (7-2 Democratic) 1. Les Aspin (D) 2. Robert W. Kastenmeier (D) 3. Alvin Baldus (D) 4. Clement J. Zablocki (D) 5. Henry S. Reuss (D) 6. William A. Steiger (R), until December 4, 1978 7. Dave Obey (D) 8. Robert John Cornell (D) 9. Robert W. Kasten, Jr. (R) Wyoming (1 Democrat) At-large. Teno Roncalio (D), until December 31, 1978 Non-voting members (3-1 Democratic) District of Columbia. Walter E. Fauntroy (D) Guam. Antonio Borja Won Pat (D) Puerto Rico. Baltasar Corrada del Río (PNP) Virgin Islands. Ron de Lugo (D)

House seats by party holding plurality in state   80.1–100% Republican   80.1–100% Democratic   60.1–80% Republican   60.1–80% Democratic   50.1–60% Republican   50.1–60% Democratic   striped: 50–50 split

Changes in Membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

• replacements: 11
  • Democratic: 3 seat net loss
  • Republican: 3 seat net gain
• deaths: 4
• resignations: 5
• vacancy:
• Total seats with changes: 9

House of Representatives

• replacements: 6
  • Democratic: 4 seat net loss
  • Republican: 4 seat net gain
• deaths: 6
• resignations: 21
• contested election:
• Total seats with changes: 25

Committees

Lists of committees and their party leaders.

Senate

• Aging (Special)
• Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry
  • Environment, Soil Conservation and Forestry
  • Agricultural Credit and Rural Electrification
  • Agricultural Production, Marketing and Stabilization of Prices
  • Agricultural Research and General Legislation
  • Rural Development
  • Foreign Agricultural Policy
  • Nutrition
• Appropriations
  • Agriculture and Related Agencies
  • Defense
  • District of Columbia
  • Foreign Operations
  • HUD-Independent Agencies
  • Interior
  • Labor, Health, Education and Welfare
  • Legislative
  • Military Construction
  • Public Works
  • State, Justice, Commerce and the Judiciary
  • Transportation
  • Treasury, Postal Service and General Government
• Armed Services
  • Intelligence
  • General Procurement
  • Military Construction and Stockfiles
  • Arms Control
  • Tactical Aircraft
  • Research and Development
  • General Legislation
  • Manpower and Personnel
• Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs
  • Federal Credit Programs
  • Housing and Urban Affairs
  • Financial Institutions
  • Securities
  • International Finance
  • Production and Stabilization
  • Consumer Affairs
  • Rural Housing
• Budget
• Commerce, Science and Transportation
  • Aviation
  • Communications
  • Consumer
  • Merchant Marine and Tourism
  • Science, Technology and Space
  • Surface Transportation
• Energy and Natural Resources
  • Public Lands and Resources
  • Parks and Recreation
  • Energy Production and Supply
  • Energy Conservation and Regulation
  • Energy R&D
• Environment and Public Works
  • Environmental Pollution
  • Water Resources
  • Transportation
  • Regional and Community Development
  • Nuclear Regulation
• Ethics (Select)
• Finance
  • Health
  • International Trade
  • Taxation and Debt Management Generally
  • Social Security
  • Energy and Foundations
  • Private Pension Plans and Employee Fringe Benefits
  • Unemployment Compensation, Revenue Sharing and Economic Problems
  • Administration of the Internal Revenue Code
  • Tourism and Sugar
  • Public Assistance
• Foreign Relations
  • European Affairs
  • East Asian and Pacific Affairs
  • International Operations
  • Foreign Economic Policy
  • Arms Control, Oceans and International Environment
  • Western Hemisphere Affairs
  • Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs
  • Foreign Assistance
  • African Affairs
• Governmental Affairs
  • Investigations
  • Intergovernmental Relations
  • Reports, Accounting and Management
  • Governmental Efficiency and the District of Columbia
  • Federal Spending Practices and Open Government
  • Energy, Nuclear Proliferation and Federal Services
  • Civil Service and General Services
• Human Resources
  • Labor
  • Handicapped
  • Education, Arts and Humanities
  • Employment, Poverty and Migratory Labor
  • Health and Scientific Research
  • Aging
  • Child and Human Development
  • Alcoholism and Drug Abuse
• Indian Affairs (Select)
• Judiciary
• Intelligence (Select)
• Nutrition and Human Needs (Select)
• Rules and Administration
• Senate Committee System (Special)
• Small Business (Select)
• Veterans' Affairs
  • Compensation and Pensions
  • Health and Readjustment
  • Housing, Insurance and Cemeteries
• Whole

House of Representatives

• Aging (Select)
• Agriculture
  • Livestock and Grains
  • Tobacco
  • Cotton
  • Dairy and Poultry
  • Family Farms and Rural Development
  • Oilseeds and Rice
  • Tobacco
  • Conservation and Credit
  • Department, Investigations, Oversight and Research
  • Domestic Marketing, Consumer Relations and Nutrition
  • Family Farms, Rural Development and Special Studies
• Appropriations
  • Agriculture and Related Agencies
  • Defense
  • District of Columbia
  • Foreign Operations
  • HUD-Independent Agencies
  • Interior
  • Labor-Health, Education and Welfare
  • Legislative
  • Military Construction
  • Public Works
  • State, Justice, Commerce and Judiciary
  • Transportation
  • Treasury, Postal Service and General Government
• Armed Services
  • Intelligence and Military Application of Nuclear Energy
  • Research and Development
  • Seapower, Strategic and Critical Materials
  • Investigations
  • Military Installations and Facilities
  • Military Personnel
  • Military Compensation
• Assassinations (Select)
• Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs
  • The City
  • Housing and Community and Development
  • Economic Stabilization
  • Financial Institutions Supervision, Regulation and Insurance
  • International Development Institutions and Finance
  • General Oversight and Renegotiation
  • Consumer Affairs
  • Domestic Monetary Policy
  • Historic Preservation and Coinage
  • International Trade, Investment and Monetary Policy
• Budget
  • Task Forces
  • Budget Process
  • Economic Policy
  • Tax Expenditures, Government Organization and Regulation
  • Distributive Impacts of Budget and Economic Policies
  • National Security
  • Human Resources
  • Community and Physical Resources
  • State and Local Government
• Crime (Select)
• District of Columbia
  • Fiscal and Government Affairs
  • Judiciary
  • Economic Development
• Education and Labor
  • Elementary, Secondary and Vocational Education
  • Labor-Management Relations
  • Labor Standards
  • Select Education
  • Employment Opportunites
  • Postsecondary Education
  • Compensation, Health and Safety
  • Economic Opportunity
• Ethics (Select)
• Government Operations
  • Legislation and National Security
  • Intergovernmental Relations and Human Resources
  • Commerce, Consumer and Monetary Affairs
  • Environment, Energy and Natural Resources
  • Manpower and Housing
  • Government Activities and Transportation
  • Government Information and Individual Rights
• House Administration
  • Accounts
  • Libraries and Memorials
  • Printing
  • Personnel and Police
  • Contracts
  • Services
  • Office Systems
• House Beauty Shop (Select)
• Intelligence (Select)
• Insular Affairs
  • Energy and the Environment
  • General Oversight and Alaska Lands
  • Mines and Mining
  • National Parks and Insular Affairs
  • Indian Affairs and Public Lands
  • Special Investigations
  • Water and Power Resources
• International Relations
  • International Security and Scientific Affairs
  • International Operations
  • Africa
  • International Organizations
  • Europe and the Middle East
  • Asian and Pacific Affairs
  • International Economic Policy and Trade
• Interstate and Foreign Commerce
  • International Security and Scientific Affairs
  • Oversight and Investigations
  • Energy and Power
  • Health and the Environment
  • Communications
  • Transportation and Commerce
  • Consumer Protection and Finance
• Judiciary
  • Immigration, Citizenship and International Law
  • Administrative Law and Governmental Relations
  • Courts, Civil Liberties and the Administration of Justice
  • Civil and Constitutional Rights
  • Monopolies and Commercial Law
  • Crime
  • Criminal Justice
• Merchant Marine and Fisheries
  • Merchant Marine
  • Fisheries, Wildlife Conservation and the Environment
  • Coast Guard and Navigation
  • Oceangraphy
  • Panama Canal
  • Maritime Education and Training (Ad Hoc)
• Modernization of House Gallery Facilities (Special)
• Narcotics Abuse and Control (Select)
• Outer Continental Shelf (Ad Hoc/Select)
• Post Office and Civil Service
  • Employee Ethics and Utilization
  • Civil Service
  • Investigations
  • Compensations and Employee Benefits
  • Postal Operations and Services
  • Census and Population
  • Postal Personnel and Modernization
• Public Works and Transportation
  • Aviation
  • Economic Development
  • Investigations and Review
  • Public Buildings and Grounds
  • Surface Transportation
  • Water Resources
• Rules
• Science and Technology
  • Space Science and Applications
  • Fossil and Energy Research, Development and Demonstration
  • Advanced Energy Technologies, Energy Conservation, Development and Demonstration
  • Environment and the Atmosphere
  • Transportation, Aviation and Weather
  • Science, Research and Technology
  • Domestic and International Scientific Planning, Analysis and Cooperation
• Small Business
  • SBA and SBIC Authority and General Small Business
  • Minority Enterprise and General Oversight
  • Antitrust and Restraint of Trade Activties Affecting Small Business
  • Energy, Environment, Safety and Research
  • Capital Investment and Business Opportunities
  • Special Small Business Problems
• Standards of Official Conduct
• Veterans' Affairs
  • Compensation, Pension and Insurance
  • Education and Training
  • Medical Facilities and Benefits
  • Housing
  • Cemeteries and Burial Benefits
• Ways and Means
  • Social Security
  • Health
  • Trade
  • Public Assistance and Unemployment Compensation
  • Oversight
  • Miscellaneous Revenue Measures
• Whole

Joint committees

• Atomic Energy
• Congressional Operations
• Defense Productions
• Economic
• Taxation
• Library
• Printing

Employees and legislative agency directors

Legislative branch agency directors

• Architect of the Capitol: George M. White
• Attending Physician of the United States Congress: Freeman H. Cary
• Comptroller General of the United States: Elmer B. Staats
• Director of the Congressional Budget Office: Alice M. Rivlin
• Librarian of Congress: Daniel J. Boorstin
• Public Printer of the United States: Thomas F. McCormick (until 1977), John J. Boyle (starting 1977)

Senate

• Chaplain: Edward L.R. Elson
• Historian: Richard A. Baker
• Parliamentarian: Murray Zweben
• Secretary: Francis R. Valeo (until March 31, 1977) J. Stanley Kimmitt (starting March 31, 1977)
• Sergeant at Arms: Frank Hoffmann
• Secretary for the Majority: Howard O. Greene, Jr.
• Secretary for the Minority: Walter J. Stewart

House of Representatives

• Chaplain: Edward G. Latch
• Clerk: Edmund L. Henshaw, Jr.
• Doorkeeper: James T. Molloy
• Parliamentarian: William Holmes Brown
• Postmaster: Robert V. Rota
• Sergeant at Arms: Kenneth R. Harding

See also

• United States elections, 1976 (elections leading to this Congress)
  • United States presidential election, 1976
  • United States Senate elections, 1976
  • United States House of Representatives elections, 1976
• United States elections, 1978 (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)
  • United States Senate elections, 1978
  • United States House of Representatives elections, 1978

References

• Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company. 
• Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company. 

External links

• Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress
• U.S. House of Representatives: Congressional History
• U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists
• House of Representatives Session Calendar for the 95th Congress (PDF). 
• Congressional Pictorial Directory for the 95th Congress. 
• Official Congressional Directory for the 95th Congress, 1st Session. 
• Official Congressional Directory Supplement for the 95th Congress, 2nd Session.