Winston L. Shelton

Winston Laverne Shelton
Born Winston Laverne Shelton
(1922-05-03)May 3, 1922
Lockwood, West Virginia
Occupation Inventor, Engineer, Entrepreneur

Winston Laverne Shelton (born May 3, 1922) is an American inventor, electrical engineer and entrepreneur who has been awarded 76 US patents as an individual or as part of a team, as well as many corresponding patents. Shelton's patents have had an impact relating to home washing machines and the preparation of food in both the Quick Service Restaurant (QSR) industry and fine dining. Technologies Shelton developed while an engineer at General Electric are still in use after more than fifty years. His patent "Washing Machine" (US 3257830 A),[1] licensed in 1965 to General Electric has been referenced in over 40 subsequent patents.

Shelton also invented new ways to cook and hold food, including the Collectramatic, the first pressurized fryer that did not require interrupting production to frequently filter shortening while cooking. Shelton also invented Controlled Vapor Technology, a patented cooking method that uses water vapor to prepare and safely hold food.[2]

Early life

Born in Lockwood, West Virginia, in 1922, Shelton was the youngest of Naaman Shelton (1889–1962) and Opal Dell (née Keenan) Shelton's (1895–1979) five children. Opal Shelton operated the "Crossroads Restaurant", a roadside diner next to the family's Standard Oil service station in Clay, West Virginia, where young Shelton had his first exposure to food service, helping his mother in the diner's kitchen.[3] Shelton enlisted in the US Army in 1943, serving at Princeton University in the School of Engineering and was discharged in 1945. Shelton's education includes attending Greenbrier Military School,[4] Princeton University and West Virginia University, earning a Bachelor of Science degree in Electrical Engineering in 1948.[5]

Inventions at GE

Shelton's career at General Electric began in 1948 as an engineer in the GE Home Laundry facility in Trenton, New Jersey. In 1952, Shelton transferred to the new General Electric Appliance Park in Louisville, Kentucky as a Research and Development Engineer when the Trenton Home Laundry division was consolidated there along with GE's other major appliance product lines.[3] His tenure there spanned two decades. While there, his inventions earned 35 patents, primarily related to the drum washing machine, all assigned to GE. His inventions helped create and refine the modern, top-loading, rotating spiral agitator clothes washer. Shelton invented the mechanism to automatically provide the correct water level(s) at a desired water temperature during a washing machine's cycles[6] and an easily removed and cleaned soil trap that strained insoluble dirt and debris as the unit's water was filtered through it during the wash and rinse cycles.[7] GE marketed Shelton's invention as the "Filter-Flo Basket."[8] The unit fit on top of the washing machine's agitator post and rotated during use. Shelton's inventions also included an anti-siphonage inlet system (US 2638112) to avoid back contamination of a water supply,[9] and a drain overflow arrangement for built-in washing machines that provided a safe means of dealing with excess water during operation.[10]

Winston Industries

Shelton resigned from GE in 1968 and formed the Engineering Prototype Services (EPS) with his brother, Naaman Shelton, Jr (1919-1990) in Louisville, Kentucky where he could work on projects outside of the GE product line.[3] Colonel Sanders was one of the first investors in the new company.[11] The company name was changed to Winston Industries in 1984.

The majority of Shelton's inventions after founding Winston Industries focused on solving problems in the food industry. His patents relating to food preparation include an automatic oven that cooks food and then automatically drops the cooked food onto a pivoting platform for sale (US 5990452 A),[12] a food storage device that provides a method of controlling humidity in the cooking chamber (US 5595109 A)[13] and a thermalizing apparatus using both wet bulb and dry bulb temperature sensors to more precisely control cooking parameters inside a cooking chamber (US 6521871 B1).[14]

The Collectramatic and KFC success

An early customer, filtering-equipment manufacturer Carl Mies, asked Shelton to engineer a pressure fryer for cooking chicken to replace the dangerous process then used by Kentucky Fried Chicken. Workers at Kentucky Fried Chicken franchises fried chicken in stove top pressure cookers using 400-degree shortening, leading to burns and exploding pressure cookers. Shelton said "I watched that madness and thought, 'That's an engineer's dream, man!' There were so many problems to solve, and that was just the low-hanging fruit."[3]

After inventing a fryer with Mies,[15] Shelton then invented the Collectramatic in 1969, a stationary, self-filtering fryer, employing precision time and temperature controls to meet Kentucky Fried Chicken founder Colonel Harland Sanders' legendary exacting standards.[16] Shelton's self-filtering fryer allowed KFC restaurants to continuously fry multiple batches of chicken without interruption.[17][18] Colonel Sanders "enthusiastically supported" the Collectramatic.[19]

Shelton's Collectramatic helped fuel KFC's rapid expansion and success. Same store KFC sales grew nearly 400% in the short term. According to Fred Jeffries, the chain's vice president of purchasing at the time: "Stores were doing about $200,000 a year in sales on average with the pots . . . but they could never have done the $900,000 a year it became without Win's fryer. He helped set the stage for that with true engineering thinking."[3]

Controlled Vapor Technology

Colonel Sanders asked Shelton to invent a better way to hold just fried KFC chicken so the crust would not get soggy as the food was held for sale.[20] Shelton invented a process in which cooked food was held in a controlled water vapor atmosphere heated to the food's desired finished temperature. Shelton named his invention "Controlled Vapor Technology".[21] Shelton's food holding device using his Controlled Vapor Technology was named the "Controlled Vapor Oven" or "CVap Oven", a device that could indefinitely hold food safely at both a desired temperature and texture.[22] Shelton was awarded a US Patent in 1996 for his invention of Controlled Vapor Technology and the Controlled Vapor Oven.[2]

Shelton explained the Controlled Vapor Technology process as using water vapor, rather than air, as the medium for heading food, since air dries foods.[23] Subsequent research proved food could be prepared to exacting precision using Shelton's Controlled Vapor Technology, allowing chefs much greater control over interior and exterior moisture, temperature and time during the preparation of many foods.[23]

Starting in 2008, the CVap oven was tested by University of Kentucky College of Agriculture, Food and Environment Food Systems Innovation Center, validating the safe processing of proteins in CVap ovens during a five-year testing program.[24] According to Nathan Myhrvold, founder of The Cooking Lab, "... the CVap provides better temperature stability than any ordinary oven or holding cabinet does."[25] Another benefit of the CVAp process is that it results in less product loss during cooking, which translates into higher profit. Farmhaus restaurant chef-owner Kevin Willmann explained the benefit in cooking porchetta in a CVap oven. Conventional ovening resulted in a loss of 25 to 40 percent of the meat's initial weight. "You go to CVap and that can't happen because the environment is so humid that moisture can't leave." Willman claimed a loss of less than 10 percent when cooking the same recipe in a CVap oven.[26]

CVap ovens are used by fine-dining chefs, hotels, school cafeterias and fast-food operators in kitchens around the world.[24][26]

Rockwell portrait of Colonel Sanders

In 1973, at the urging of his wife Dolly, Shelton sought to have Norman Rockwell paint a portrait of Colonel Sanders as a way to commemorate "the Colonel". Working through George Bemis, Shelton's Advertising and Promotion Manager, a series of letters were sent to Rockwell, starting in March, 1973. Rockwell initially refused, saying "…my schedule is completely filled for a year and a half, so it would just be impossible for me to do a portrait of Colonel Sanders."

Shelton continued to press Rockwell to accept the commission. When Rockwell said "we must bear in mind that I am 79", Bemis responded "Colonel Harland Sanders is eighty-three years young and going strong. Perhaps he would consider you, at seventy-nine, a mere child." Rockwell responded with another demurral but this time did include his fee for a portrait, saying "I think I should add that I get $ 8,000 for a head and shoulders portrait, in oil…"

Rockwell finally agreed to schedule a portrait session with Sanders in August 1973, where reference photographs were taken in studio and Rockwell made "color notes" in oil of Sanders. In November, Rockwell wrote "I would like to have him (Sanders) see the portrait, as far as I have done it, to see whether it is to his liking." Rockwell finished the portrait in May, 1974.

Winston Industries' Norman Rockwell portrait of Col. Sanders is on loan and currently on display in Sanders' office museum at the KFC corporate headquarters in Louisville, Kentucky. The public may view the painting at no charge. Normal viewing hours are Monday through Friday from 8:00 am until 5:00 pm.

Current activities

Teaching

Shelton continues to teach chefs and dietitians throughout the world the science behind controlling food temperatures and food texture using his Controlled Vapor Technology. William H. Bender, founder of Foodservice Consultants Society International said "He (Shelton) has translated complex food and science issues into equipment solutions ... CVap revolutionizes food best practices dramatically. (Shelton) has correctly aligned the science and purpose of food temperature control and controlling food moisture."[23]

Continued research

Having stepped down as CEO of Winston Industries, Shelton continues to head the Advanced Engineering department at the company.[27]

His daughter, Valerie Shelton was named President and CEO of Winston Industries in 2010.[28]

Media appearances

Winston L. Shelton during interview by French television reporters from Groupe Canal+, C8 Network investigative news magazine "Focus".
Winston L. Shelton during interview by French television reporters from Groupe Canal+, C8 Network's investigative news magazine "Focus".

Shelton was interviewed in June 2016 by a team of French journalists about his friendship and business relationship with Colonel Sanders and his invention of the Collectramatic fryer for KFC. Shelton and Chef Barry Yates also demonstrated how the Collectramatic functions. The 90 minute documentary, "Inside KFC : Au coeur d'un géant du fast food (Inside KFC: In the heart of a fast food giant)" was first broadcast on September 14, 2016, as part of the French television news magazine "Focus", hosted by Guy Lagache, on the Groupe Canal+ C8 Network.[29]

Publications

Awards

References

  1. ↑ "Washing machine US 3257830 A". Retrieved November 4, 2015.
  2. 1 2 "Method and apparatus for controlling preparation of food in an oven US 5494690 A". Retrieved November 5, 2015.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 Coomes, Steve (July 2012). "The Colonel's Corporal". Retrieved November 4, 2015.
  4. ↑ "Winston L. Shelton". www.gmsaa.org. The Greenbrier Military School Alumni Association. Retrieved November 9, 2015.
  5. ↑ "Winston L. Shelton ('48 BS)". Awards & Scholarships » Academy of Distinguished Alumni » Winston L. Shelton. West Virginia University. Retrieved November 8, 2015.
  6. ↑ "Clothes washer with means for automatically providing the correct water level US 2934928 A". Retrieved November 4, 2015.
  7. ↑ "Soil extraction means for clothes washers and the like US 2761303 A". Retrieved November 4, 2015.
  8. ↑ Life. Time-Life, Inc. October 18, 1963. p. 137. Retrieved November 8, 2015.
  9. ↑ "Anti-siphonage inlet system for washing machines and the like US 2638112 A". Retrieved November 4, 2015.
  10. ↑ "Drain overflow arrangement for built-in washing machine US 3039286 A". Retrieved November 4, 2015.
  11. ↑ Abeln, Tonya (July 2015). "Winston Shelton: A History of Food Innovation Circa 1970". NFocus Louisville. SouthComm. Retrieved November 8, 2015.
  12. ↑ "Automatic oven". Retrieved November 8, 2015.
  13. ↑ "Food storage device with dehumidification means". Retrieved November 8, 2015.
  14. ↑ "Thermalizing apparatus". Retrieved November 8, 2015.
  15. ↑ "Apparatus for cooking chicken US 3610133 A". Retrieved November 4, 2015.
  16. ↑ Pearce, John Ed (1982). The Colonel: The Captivating Biography of the Dynamic Founder of a Fast-Food Empire. Doubleday. ISBN 978-0385181228.
  17. ↑ Atkinson, Greg (July–August 2009). "His Kentucky Home". Food Arts. Retrieved January 12, 2016.
  18. ↑ "EngineeringWV" (Fall 2012). WVU Benjamin M. Statler College of Engineering and Mineral Resources. Retrieved November 9, 2015.
  19. ↑ Robinson, Andrew (February 14, 2014). "Louisville influences how the world eats". Louisville Business First. Retrieved January 12, 2015.
  20. ↑ Ozersky, Josh (March 2014). "Step 1: Help Build the Atom Bomb. Step 2: Reinvent Your Kitchen.". Esquire Magazine. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
  21. ↑ Shelton, Winston L. (1998). The Fundamentals of Controlled Vapor Technology. Louisville, Kentucky: Butler Books.
  22. ↑ Myhrvold, Nathan; Gibbs, W. Wayt. "Nathan Myhrvold's Recipe for a Better Oven". IEEE Spectrum. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. Retrieved December 1, 2015.
  23. 1 2 3 Bender, William H. (October 25, 2010). "Winston Industries Provides FCSI Education Program Teaching State of the Art CVT/CVAP Cooking Technology Pioneered By Winston L. Shelton, Dr. Sc. (Hon.)" (October 2010). Restaurant News Resource. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
  24. 1 2 Pratt, Katie. "A Taste for Success". The mAGazine. University of Kentucky College of Agriculture, Food and Environment. Retrieved November 8, 2015.
  25. ↑ Myhrvold, Nathan; Young, Chris; Bilet, Maxime (2011). Modernist Cuisine: The Art and Science of Cooking. The Cooking Lab. ISBN 978-0982761007.
  26. 1 2 Figueras, Ligaya (August 1, 2013). "Was that CVapped? The chef toy that's on fire" (August 2013). Sauce Magazine. Retrieved November 4, 2015.
  27. ↑ "Winston Industries Founder Celebrates 90th Birthday, Keeps Working". Foodservice Equipment Reports. Retrieved November 9, 2015.
  28. ↑ "Louisville Restaurant Kitchen Equipment Pioneer, Winston Shelton, Celebrates 90th Birthday". www.winstonind.com. Retrieved November 8, 2015.
  29. ↑ "Focus: Inside KFC : Au coeur d'un géant du fast food (Focus: Inside KFC: In the heart of a fast food giant)". www.telepoche.fr. Retrieved October 20, 2016.
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