Widened mediastinum
| Widened mediastinum | |
|---|---|
| Classification and external resources | |
| ICD-9-CM | 519.3 |
| DiseasesDB | 29459 |
Widened mediastinum/mediastinal widening is a mediastinum with a measured width greater than 6 cm on an upright PA chest X-ray or 8 cm on supine AP chest film. [1]
Associated conditions
A widened mediastinum can be indicative of several pathologies:[2][3]
- aortic aneurysm[4]
- aortic dissection[5]
- aortic unfolding
- aortic rupture
- hilar lymphadenopathy
- anthrax inhalation - a widened mediastinum was found in 7 of the first 10 victims infected by anthrax (Bacillus anthracis) in 2001.[6]
- esophageal rupture - presents usually with pneumomediastinum and pleural effusion. It is diagnosed with water-soluble swallowed contrast.
- mediastinal mass
- mediastinitis
- cardiac tamponade[7]
- pericardial effusion
- thoracic vertebrae fractures in trauma patients.
References
- ↑ D'Souza, Donna. "Thoracic aortic injury | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.org". radiopaedia.org.
- ↑ Geusens; Pans, S.; Prinsloo, J.; Fourneau, I. (2005). "The widened mediastinum in trauma patients". European journal of emergency medicine. 12 (4): 179–184. doi:10.1097/00063110-200508000-00006. PMID 16034263.
- ↑ Richardson; Wilson, M. E.; Miller, F. B. (1990). "The widened mediastinum. Diagnostic and therapeutic priorities". Annals of Surgery. 211 (6): 731–736; discussion 736–7. doi:10.1097/00000658-199006000-00012. PMC 1358125
. PMID 2357135. - ↑ Chandra S, Laor YG (April 1975). "Lung scan and wide mediastinum". J. Nucl. Med. 16 (4): 324–5. PMID 1113190.
- ↑ von Kodolitsch Y, Nienaber C, Dieckmann C, Schwartz A, Hofmann T, Brekenfeld C, Nicolas V, Berger J, Meinertz T (2004). "Chest radiography for the diagnosis of acute aortic syndrome". Am J Med. 116 (2): 73–7. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2003.08.030. PMID 14715319.
- ↑ Jernigan JA, Stephens DS, Ashford DA, et al. (2001). "Bioterrorism-related inhalational anthrax: the first 10 cases reported in the United States". Emerging Infect. Dis. 7 (6): 933–44. doi:10.3201/eid0706.010604. PMC 2631903. PMID 11747719.
- ↑ Gideon P. Naudé; Fred S. Bongard; Demetrios Demetriades (2003). Trauma secrets. Elsevier Health Sciences. pp. 95–. ISBN 978-1-56053-506-5. Retrieved 19 April 2010.
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