Shades of yellow

For a broader coverage related to this topic, see Yellow.
Yellow
 
Wavelength 570–580 nm
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet #FFFF00
sRGBB  (r, g, b) (255, 255, 0)
CMYKH   (c, m, y, k) (0, 0, 100, 0)
HSV       (h, s, v) (60°, 100%, 100%)
Source HTML/CSS[1]
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)

Varieties of the color yellow may differ in hue, chroma (also called saturation, intensity, or colorfulness) or lightness (or value, tone, or brightness), or in two or three of these qualities. Variations in value are also called tints and shades, a tint being a yellow or other hue mixed with white, a shade being mixed with black. A large selection of these various colors is shown below.

Tints of yellow

Light yellow

Light Yellow
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet #FFFFE0
sRGBB  (r, g, b) (255, 255, 224)
CMYKH   (c, m, y, k) (0, 0, 8, 0)
HSV       (h, s, v) (60°, 7%, 100[2]%)
Source X11
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)

Displayed at right is the web color light yellow.

Cream

Cream
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet #FFFFCC
sRGBB  (r, g, b) (255, 255, 204)
CMYKH   (c, m, y, k) (0, 0, 20, 0)
HSV       (h, s, v) (60°, 20%, 100[3]%)
Source X11
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)

Displayed at right is the web color cream, a pale tint of yellow.

Lemon chiffon

Main article: Lemon chiffon
Lemon Chiffon
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet #FFFACD
sRGBB  (r, g, b) (255, 250, 205)
HSV       (h, s, v) (54°, 20%, 100%)
Source X11
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

Displayed at right is the web color lemon chiffon

Lemon chiffon is a color that is reminiscent of the color of lemon chiffon cake.

Computer web color yellow

Yellow (RGB) (X11 yellow) (color wheel yellow)

Yellow (RGB) (X11 yellow)
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet #FFFF00
sRGBB  (r, g, b) (255, 255, 0)
HSV       (h, s, v) (60°, 100%, 100%)
Source X11
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
Red, green and blue lights, representing the three basic additive primary colors of the RGB color system, red, green, and blue. Pure yellow light is composed of equal amount of red and green light.

The color box at right shows the most intense yellow representable in 8-bit RGB color model; yellow is a secondary color in an additive RGB space.

This color is also called color wheel yellow. It is at precisely 60 degrees on the HSV color wheel, also known as the RGB color wheel (Image of RGB color wheel:). Its complementary color is blue.

Additional definitions of yellow

Yellow (CMYK) (process yellow) (canary yellow)

Process Yellow
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet #FFEF00
sRGBB  (r, g, b) (255, 239, 0)
CMYKH   (c, m, y, k) (0, 0, 100, 0)
HSV       (h, s, v) (56°, 100%, 100%)
Source CMYK
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)
Cyan, magenta, and yellow are the three subtractive primary colors used in printing.

Process yellow (also called pigment yellow or printer's yellow), also known as canary yellow, is one of the three colors typically used as subtractive primary colors, along with magenta and cyan.

Process yellow is not an RGB color, and in the CMYK color model there is no fixed conversion from CMYK primaries to RGB. Different formulations are used for printer's ink, so there can be variations in the printed color that is pure yellow ink.

The first recorded use of canary yellow as a color name in English was in 1789.[4]

Yellow (NCS) (psychological primary yellow)

Yellow (NCS)
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet #FFD300
sRGBB  (r, g, b) (255, 211, 0)
HSV       (h, s, v) (50°, 100%, 100[5]%)
Source sRGB approximation to NCS 0580-Y[6]
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
Approximations within the sRGB gamut to the primary colors of the Natural Color System, a model based on the opponent process theory of color vision.

The color defined as yellow in the NCS or Natural Color System is shown at right (NCS 0580-Y). The Natural Color System is a color system based on the four unique hues or psychological primary colors red, yellow, green, and blue. The NCS is based on the opponent process theory of vision.

The “Natural Color System” is widely used in Scandinavia.

Yellow (Munsell)

Yellow (Munsell)
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet #EFCC00
sRGBB  (r, g, b) (239, 204, 0)
CMYKH   (c, m, y, k) (0, 15, 100, 6)
HSV       (h, s, v) (51°, 100%, 93[7]%)
Source Munsell Color Wheel
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)
The hues of the Munsell color system, at varying values, and maximum chroma to stay in the sRGB gamut.

The color defined as yellow in the Munsell color system (Munsell 5Y) is shown at right. The Munsell color system is a color space that specifies colors based on three color dimensions: hue, value (lightness), and chroma (color purity), spaced uniformly in three dimensions in the elongated oval at an angle shaped Munsell color solid according to the logarithmic scale which governs human perception. In order for all the colors to be spaced uniformly, it was found necessary to use a color wheel with five primary colors—red, yellow, green, blue, and purple.

The Munsell colors displayed are only approximate as they have been adjusted to fit into the sRGB gamut.

Yellow (Pantone)

Yellow (Pantone)
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet #FEDF00
sRGBB  (r, g, b) (254, 223, 0)
CMYKH   (c, m, y, k) (0, 12, 100, 0)
HSV       (h, s, v) (53°, 100%, 100[8]%)
Source Pantone TPX[9]
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)

The color that is called yellow in Pantone is displayed at right.

The source of this color is the "Pantone Textile Paper eXtended (TPX)" color list, color #C, EC, M, PC, U, or CP—Yellow.[10]

Yellow (Crayola)

Yellow (Crayola)
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet #FCE883
sRGBB  (r, g, b) (252, 232, 131)
CMYKH   (c, m, y, k) (0, 8, 48, 1)
HSV       (h, s, v) (50°, 48%, 99[11]%)
Source Crayola
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)

The color that is called yellow in Crayola crayons is displayed at right.

Yellow was one of the original Crayola colors formulated in 1903.

Unmellow yellow

Unmellow Yellow
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet #FFFF66
sRGBB  (r, g, b) (255, 255, 102)
CMYKH   (c, m, y, k) (0, 0, 60, 0)
HSV       (h, s, v) (60°, 60%, 100[12]%)
Source Crayola
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)

The color unmellow yellow is shown at right.

The color unmellow yellow was formulated by Crayola in 1990.

The color "unmellow yellow" is a similar fluorescent yellow to Laser Lemon but the color is brighter. In crayons, the color may look a little bit orange-ish; the computer display is pale depending on one's monitor.

The color is supposed to be fluorescent, but there is no mechanism to display fluorescence on a flat computer screen.

Lemon

Main article: Lemon (color)
Lemon (Crayola)
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet #FDFF00
sRGBB  (r, g, b) (253, 255, 0)
CMYKH   (c, m, y, k) (1, 0, 100, 0)
HSV       (h, s, v) (60°, 100%, 100[13]%)
Source Crayola
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)
Two lemons, one whole and one sliced in half

Lemon is a color somewhat resembling yellow and named after the fruit. The color lemon is a representation of the color of the outer skin of a lemon.

The first recorded use of lemon as a color name in English was in 1598.[14]

Maximum yellow

Maximum Yellow
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet #FAFA37
sRGBB  (r, g, b) (250, 250, 55)
CMYKH   (c, m, y, k) (0, 0, 78, 2)
HSV       (h, s, v) (60°, 78%, 98%)
Source Crayola
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)

Maximum yellow was a Crayola crayon color from 1926 to 1944.

Mellow yellow

Mellow Yellow
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet #F8DE7E
sRGBB  (r, g, b) (248, 222, 126)
CMYKH   (c, m, y, k) (0, 11, 49, 3)
HSV       (h, s, v) (47°, 49%, 97[15]%)
Source Plochere
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)

The color mellow yellow is displayed at right.

Mellow yellow was first used as a color name in English in 1948 when it was formulated as one of the colors on the Plochere color list.

The source of this color is the Plochere Color System, a color system formulated in 1948 that is widely used by interior designers.[16]

Donovan's album Mellow Yellow, named after the song Mellow Yellow, was popular during the summer of love in 1967.

Royal yellow

The Xuande Emperor of the Chinese Ming dynasty—reigned 1425 to 1435
Royal Yellow
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet #FADA5E
sRGBB  (r, g, b) (250, 218, 94)
CMYKH   (c, m, y, k) (0, 13, 62, 2)
HSV       (h, s, v) (48°, 62%, 98[17]%)
Source ISCC NBS
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)

At right is displayed the color royal yellow.

The color royal yellow is a representation of the color of the robes worn by the Emperor of China.

The first recorded use of royal yellow as a color name in English was in 1548. Other names for this color are Chinese yellow and imperial yellow.[18]

The source of this color is: ISCC-NBS Dictionary of Color Names (1955)--Color Sample of Royal Yellow (color sample #83).

Gold (golden)

Main article: Gold (color)
Gold (Golden)
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet #FFD700
sRGBB  (r, g, b) (255, 215, 0)
CMYKH   (c, m, y, k) (0, 16, 100, 0)
HSV       (h, s, v) (51°, 100%, 100%)
Source X11
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)
A gold nugget

Gold, also called golden, is a yellow-orange color which is a representation of the color of the element gold.

The web color gold (also referred to as orange-yellow) is sometimes referred to as golden to distinguish it from the color metallic gold. The use of gold as a color term in traditional usage is more often applied to the color "metallic gold".

The first recorded uses of golden as a color name in English were in 1300 to refer to the element gold and in 1423 to refer to blonde hair.[19]

Cyber yellow

Cyber Yellow
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet #FFD300
sRGBB  (r, g, b) (255, 211, 0)
CMYKH   (c, m, y, k) (0, 13, 100, 0)
HSV       (h, s, v) (50°, 100%, 100[20]%)
Source Pantone TPX[21]
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)

The color cyber yellow is displayed at right.

The source of this color is the "Pantone Textile Paper eXtended (TPX)" color list, color 14-0760 TPX—Cyber Yellow.[22]

Safety yellow

Safety Yellow
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet #EED202
sRGBB  (r, g, b) (238, 210, 2)
CMYKH   (c, m, y, k) (0, 12, 99, 7)
HSV       (h, s, v) (53°, 99%, 93[23]%)
Source ANSI Z535
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)

Safety yellow is one of the standard high-visibility safety colors defined by ANSI standard Z535, which specifies standards for safety and accident prevention information. It is often used on hazard symbols, warning signs, guard rails, dangerous equipment, and some high-visibility clothing and personal protective equipment. The definition is mirrored in British Standard BS 381C and Australian Standard AS2700 (where it is known as golden yellow). In 1937, it was determined that safety yellow was the best color to be noticed by the human brain; as a result, the paint color of all school buses was changed from orange to safety yellow (see also school bus yellow).

Trombone yellow

Trombone Yellow
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet #D2B55B
sRGBB  (r, g, b) (210, 181, 91)
CMYKH   (c, m, y, k) (0, 14, 57, 18)
HSV       (h, s, v) (45°, 57%, 82[24]%)
Source ISCC NBS
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)

Trombone yellow, sometimes known as Saxophone yellow, is a bright yet desaturated yellow so called because of its similarity to the color of certain brass instruments. It is often used as a reference when describing the alloy properties of bronzeware.

Khaki

Main article: Khaki (color)
Khaki
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet #C3B091
sRGBB  (r, g, b) (195, 176, 145)
HSV       (h, s, v) (37°, 26%, 76%)
Source HTML/CSS
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

Khaki is a yellowish tone of beige.

This is the color called khaki in HTML/CSS.

The first recorded use of khaki as a color name in English was in 1848.[25]

Goldenrod

Main article: Goldenrod (color)
Goldenrods in rural Fountain County, Indiana.
Goldenrod
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet #DAA520
sRGBB  (r, g, b) (218, 165, 32)
CMYKH   (c, m, y, k) (0, 24, 85, 15)
HSV       (h, s, v) (43°, 85%, 85%)
Source X11
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)

Displayed at right is the web color goldenrod.

The color goldenrod is a representation of the color of some of the deeper gold colored goldenrod flowers.

The first recorded use of goldenrod as a color name in English was in 1915.[26]

Olive

Main article: Olive (color)
Green olives
Olive
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet #808000
sRGBB  (r, g, b) (128, 128, 0)
HSV       (h, s, v) (60°, 100%, 50%)
Source X11
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

The web color olive is a dark yellow, or a dark green with a yellow hue typically seen on green olives. It can be formed by adding a small amount of black to yellow dye or paint. As a color word in the English language, it is unexpectedly old, appearing in late Middle English. Shaded green, it becomes olive drab.

Olive can also be referred to as dark yellowish green. That the color olive is a shade of yellow can readily be ascertained by inspecting its hex code—the red and green values are equal, with no blue value, signifying a shade of yellow.

Wrapping the spectrum into a color wheel

If the visible spectrum is wrapped to form a color wheel, yellow (subtractive primary) appears midway between red and green:

Visible spectrum wrapped to join green and red in an additive mixture of yellow

See also

References

  1. ↑ W3C TR CSS3 Color Module, HTML4 color keywords
  2. ↑ web.forret.com Color Conversion Tool set to hex code of color #FFFFED (Light Yellow):
  3. ↑ web.forret.com Color Conversion Tool set to hex code of color #FFFFED (Light Yellow):
  4. ↑ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 191; Color Sample of Canary Yellow: Page 45 Plate 11 Color Sample L3
  5. ↑ web.forret.com Color Conversion Tool set to hex code #FFD300 (Yellow (NCS)):
  6. ↑ The sRGB values are taken by converting the NCS color 1080-R using the “NCS Navigator” tool at the NCS website.
  7. ↑ web.forret.com Color Conversion Tool set to hex code #EFCC00 (Yellow (Munsell)):
  8. ↑ web.forret.com Color Conversion Tool set to hex code of color #FEDF00 (Yellow (Pantone)):
  9. ↑ Type the word "Yellow" into the indicated window on the Pantone Color Finder and the color will appear.
  10. ↑ Pantone TPX Pantone Color Finder--Type the word "Yellow" into the indicated window on the Pantone Color Finder and the color will appear:
  11. ↑ web.forret.com Color Conversion Tool set to hex code of color #FCE883 (Yellow (Crayola)):
  12. ↑ web.forret.com Color Conversion Tool set to hex code of color #FFFF66 (Unellow Yellow):
  13. ↑ web.forret.com Color Conversion Tool set to hex code of color #FDFF00 (Lemon Glacier):
  14. ↑ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 197; Color Sample of Lemon: Page 43 Plate 10 Color Sample K3
  15. ↑ web.forret.com Color Conversion Tool set to hex code of color #F8DE7E (Mellow Yellow):
  16. ↑ Plochere Color System:
  17. ↑ web.forret.com Color Conversion Tool set to hex code of color #FADA5E (Royal Yellow):
  18. ↑ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 201 (See under Orpiment [a synonym of the color name Royal Yellow] ); color sample of Royal Yellow: Page 43 Plate 10 Color Sample K3
  19. ↑ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 195
  20. ↑ web.forret.com Color Conversion Tool set to hex code of color #FFD300 (Cyber Yellow):
  21. ↑ Type the words "Cyber Yellow" into the indicated window on the Pantone Color Finder and the color will appear.
  22. ↑ Pantone TPX Pantone Color Finder--Type the words "Cyber Yellow" into the indicated window on the Pantone Color Finder and the color will appear:
  23. ↑ web.forret.com Color Conversion Tool set to hex code of color #EED202 (Unellow Yellow):
  24. ↑ web.forret.com Color Conversion Tool set to hex code of color #D2B55B (Trombone Yellow):
  25. ↑ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 197; Color Sample of Khaki: Page 49 Plate 13 Color Sample J7
  26. ↑ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 196; Color Sample of Goldenrod: Page 43 Plate 10 Color Sample L5
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