United States Senate elections, 1922 and 1923

United States Senate elections, 1922

November 7, 1922^[1]

36 of the 96 seats in the United States Senate 49 seats needed for a majority

	Majority party	Minority party

Leader	Henry Cabot Lodge	Joseph Robinson
Party	Republican	Democratic
Leader's seat	Massachusetts	Arkansas
Last election	59 seats	37 seats
Seats before	59	36
Seats won	53	42
Seat change	6	6

	Third party

Party	Farmer–Labor
Last election	0 seats
Seats before	0
Seats won	1
Seat change	1

Republican holds

Republican gains

Democratic holds

Democratic gains

Farmer-Labor gains

Majority Leader before election

Henry Cabot Lodge
Republican

Elected Majority Leader

Henry Cabot Lodge
Republican

The United States Senate elections of 1922 and 1923 was an election which occurred in the middle of Republican President Warren G. Harding's term. With the Republicans divided between conservative and progressive factions, the Democrats gained six net seats from the Republicans while the Farmer-Labor party gained one. The Republicans retained their Senate majority.

Change in Senate composition

Before the elections
D	D	D	D	D	D	D	V
D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D
D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D
D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	R
R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R
R
R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R
R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R
R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R
R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R
R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R

Beginning of the next Congress
D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D
D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D
D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D
D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D
R	R	R	R	R	F	D	D	D	D
R
R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R
R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R
R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R
R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R
R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R

Key:

D	= Democratic
F	= Farmer-Labor
R	= Republican
V	= Vacant

Majority

divider

Gains and losses

Republicans gained two seats, defeating defeated incumbent Democrats Gilbert M. Hitchcock (Nebraska) and Atlee Pomerene (Ohio).

Democrats took one open seat in Indiana and defeated seven Republican incumbents:

T. Coleman du Pont (Delaware
Joseph I. France (Maryland)
Charles E. Townsend (Michigan)
Joseph S. Frelinghuysen (New Jersey)
William M. Calder (New York)
Miles Poindexter (Washington)
Howard Sutherland (West Virginia)

In Minnesota, the Farmer-Labor Party gained its first U.S. Senator, when Henrik Shipstead defeated incumbent Republican Frank B. Kellogg.

Race summaries

Special elections during the 67th Congress

In these special elections, the winner were seated during 1922 or before March 4, 1923; ordered by election date.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
State	Senator	Party	Electoral history	Results	Candidates
Delaware (Class 1)	T. Coleman du Pont	Republican	?	Interim appointee lost election. New senator elected November 7, 1922. Democratic gain. Winner also elected to the next term, see below.	√ Thomas F. Bayard, Jr. (Democratic) 49.7% T. Coleman du Pont (Republican) 49.6%
Georgia (Class 3)	Thomas E. Watson (D)	Democratic	?	Incumbent died September 26, 1922. New senator elected November 7, 1922. Democratic hold.	√ Walter F. George (Democratic) unopposed
Iowa (Class 2)	Charles A. Rawson	Republican	?	Interim appointee retired. New senator elected November 7, 1922. Republican hold.	√ Smith W. Brookhart (Republican) 63.1% Clyde L. Herring (Democratic) 36.9%
Pennsylvania (Class 1)	David A. Reed	Republican	1922 (Appointed)	Interim appointee elected November 7, 1922. Winner also elected to the next term, see below.	√ David A. Reed (Republican) 86.1% Rachel C. Robinson (Prohibitionist) 6.0% William J. VanEssen (Socialist) 5.6%
Pennsylvania (Class 3)	George W. Pepper	Republican	1922 (Appointed)	Interim appointee elected November 7, 1922.	√ George W. Pepper (Republican) 57.6% Fred B. Kerr (Democratic) 32.9%

Elections leading to the 68th Congress

In these general elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning March 4, 1923; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 1 seats, unless otherwise indicated.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
State	Senator	Party	Electoral history	Results	Candidates
Arizona	Henry F. Ashurst	Democratic	?	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Henry F. Ashurst (Democratic) 65.0% James H. McClintock (Republican) 35.0%
California	Hiram W. Johnson	Republican	?	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Hiram W. Johnson (Republican) 62.2% William J. Pearson (Democratic) 23.8% H. Clay Needham (Independent) 7.8% Upton Sinclair (Socialist) 6.3%
Connecticut	George P. McLean	Republican	?	Incumbent re-elected.	√ George P. McLean (Republican) 52.3% Thomas J. Spellacy (Democratic) 45.5%
Delaware	T. Coleman du Pont	Republican	?	Interim appointee lost election. Democratic gain.	√ Thomas F. Bayard, Jr. (Democratic) 49.8% T. Coleman du Pont (Republican) 49.4%
Florida	Park Trammell	Democratic	?	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Park Trammell (Democratic) 88.0% W. C. Lawson (Independent) 11.7%
Indiana	Harry S. New	Republican	?	Incumbent lost renomination. New senator elected. Democratic gain.	√ Samuel M. Ralston (Democratic) 50.9% Albert J. Beveridge (Republican) 47.8%
Maine	Frederick Hale	Republican	?	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Frederick Hale (Republican) 57.5% Oakley C. Curtis (Democratic) 42.5%
Maryland	Joseph I. France	Republican	?	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Democratic gain.	√ William Cabell Bruce (Democratic) 52.6% Joseph I. France (Republican) 45.6%
Massachusetts	Henry Cabot Lodge	Republican	1893 1899 1905 1911 1916	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Henry Cabot Lodge (Republican) 47.6% William A. Gaston (Democratic) 46.8%
Michigan	Charles E. Townsend	Republican	?	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Democratic gain.	√ Woodbridge N. Ferris (Democratic) 50.6% Charles E. Townsend (Republican) 48.4%
Minnesota	Frank B. Kellogg	Republican	1916	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Farmer-Labor gain.	√ Henrik Shipstead (Farmer-Labor) 47.1% Frank B. Kellogg (Republican) 35.0% Anna D. Olesen (Democratic) 17.9%
Mississippi	John S. Williams	Democratic	?	Incumbent retired. New senator elected. Democratic hold.	√ Hubert D. Stephens (Democratic) 92.8% John C. Cook (Republican) 5.3%
Missouri	James A. Reed	Democratic	?	Incumbent re-elected.	√ James A. Reed (Democratic) 51.9% R. R. Brewster (Republican) 47.3%
Montana	Henry L. Myers	Democratic	?	Incumbent retired. New senator elected in 1922. Democratic hold.	√ Burton K. Wheeler (Democratic) 55.4% Carl W. Riddick (Republican) 43.6%
Nebraska	Gilbert M. Hitchcock	Democratic	?	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Republican gain.	√ Robert B. Howell (Republican) 56.8% Gilbert M. Hitchcock (Democratic) 38.2%
Nevada	Key Pittman	Democratic	?	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Key Pittman (Democratic) 62.8% Charles S. Chandler (Republican) 37.2%
New Jersey	Joseph S. Frelinghuysen	Republican	?	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Democratic gain.	√ Edward I. Edwards (Democratic) 54.9% Joseph S. Frelinghuysen (Republican) 44.1%
New Mexico	Andrieus A. Jones	Democratic	?	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Andrieus A. Jones (Democratic) 55.2% S. B. Davis, Jr. (Republican) 44.1%
New York	William M. Calder	Republican	?	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected in 1922. Democratic gain.	√ Royal S. Copeland (Democratic) 52.6% William M. Calder (Republican) 41.0%
North Dakota	Porter J. McCumber	Republican	?	Incumbent lost renomination. New senator elected. Republican hold.	√ Lynn J. Frazier (Republican) 52.28% J. F. T. O'Connor (Democratic) 47.72%^[2]
Ohio	Atlee Pomerene	Democratic	?	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Republican gain.	√ Simeon D. Fess (Republican) 50.9% Atlee Pomerene (Democratic) 47.7%
Pennsylvania	David A. Reed	Republican	1922 (Appointed) 1922 (Special)	Interim appointee elected to next term	√ David A. Reed (Republican) 55.6% Samuel L. Schull (Democratic) 30.1% William J. Burke (Progressive) 8.8%
Rhode Island	Peter G. Gerry	Democratic	?	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Peter G. Gerry (Democratic) 52.2% R. Livingston Beeckman (Republican) 43.4%
Tennessee	Kenneth D. McKellar	Democratic	?	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Kenneth D. McKellar (Democratic) 68.0% Newell Sanders (Republican) 32.0%
Texas	Charles A. Culberson	Democratic	?	Incumbent lost renomination. New senator elected. Democratic hold.	√ Earle B. Mayfield (Democratic) 66.6% George E. B. Peddy (Republican) 33.4%
Utah	William H. King	Democratic	?	Incumbent re-elected.	√ William H. King (Democratic) 48.6% Ernest Bamberger (Republican) 48.2%
Vermont	Caroll S. Page	Republican	?	Incumbent retired. New senator elected. Republican hold.	√ Frank L. Greene (Republican) 67.9% William B. Mayo (Democratic) 32.1%
Virginia	Claude A. Swanson	Democratic	1910 (Appointed) 1911 (Appointed) 1911 (Special) 1916	Incumbent re-elected in 1922.	√ Claude A. Swanson (Democratic) 71.9% J. W. McGavock (Republican) 26.5% Matt N. Lewis (Independent) 1.62%
Washington	Miles Poindexter	Republican	?	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Democratic gain.	√ Clarence C. Dill (Democratic) 44.2% Miles Poindexter (Republican) 43.0% James A. Duncan (Farmer-Labor) 12.0%
West Virginia	Howard Sutherland	Republican	?	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Democratic gain.	√ Matthew M. Neely (Democratic) 51.2% Howard Sutherland (Republican) 47.6%
Wisconsin	Robert M. La Follette Sr.	Republican	1905 1911 1916	Incumbent re-elected in 1922.	√ Robert M. La Follette Sr. (Republican) 80.6% Jesse J. Hooper (Independent) 16.6% Adolph R. Bucknam (Prohibitionist) 2.3%
Wyoming	John B. Kendrick	Democratic	?	Incumbent re-elected.	√ John B. Kendrick (Democratic) 57.3% F. W. Mondell (Republican) 42.7%

Elections during the 68th Congress

In this special election, the winner was seated after March 4, 1923.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
State	Senator	Party	Electoral history	Results	Candidates
Minnesota (Class 2)	Knute Nelson	Republican	1895 1901 1907 1912 1918	Incumbent died April 28, 1923. New senator elected July 16, 1923. Farmer-Labor gain.	√ Magnus Johnson (Farmer-Labor) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]

References

↑ September 11, 1922 in Maine
↑ http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=268269

United States Senate elections

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