Timeline of Kabul

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Kabul, Afghanistan.

Prior to 20th century

History of Afghanistan
Timeline
Ancient Indus valley civilization 2200–1800 BC Oxus civilization 2100–1800 BC Aryans 1700–700 BC Median Empire 728–550 BC Achaemenid Empire 550–330 BC Seleucid Empire 330–150 BC Maurya Empire 305–180 BC Greco-Bactrian Kingdom 256–125 BC Parthian Empire 247 BC–224 AD Indo-Greek Kingdom 180–130 BC Indo-Scythian Kingdom 155–80? BC Kushan Empire 135 BC – 248 AD Indo-Parthian Kingdom 20 BC – 50? AD Sasanian Empire 230–651 Kidarite Kingdom 320–465 Hephthalite Empire 410–557
Medieval Kabul Shahi 565–879 Principality of Chaghaniyan 7th–8th centuries Rashidun Caliphate 652–661 Umayyads 661–750 Abbasids 750–821 Tahirids 821–873 Saffarids 863–900 Samanids 875–999 Ghaznavids 963–1187 Ghurids before 879–1215 Seljuqs 1037–1194 Khwarezmids 1215–1231 Qarlughids 1224–1266 Ilkhanate 1258–1353 Chagatai Khanate 1225–1370 Khiljis 1290–1320 Karts 1245–1381 Timurids 1370–1507 Arghuns 1479–1522 Mughals 1501–1738 Safavids 1510–1709 Afsharids 1738-1747
Modern Hotaki Empire 1709–1738 Durrani Empire 1747–1826 Emirate of Afghanistan 1826–1919 Kingdom of Afghanistan 1919–1973 Republic of Afghanistan 1973–1978 Democratic Republic of Afghanistan 1978–1992 Islamic State of Afghanistan 1992–2001 Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan 1996–2001 Interim/Transitional Administration 2001–2004 Islamic Republic of Afghanistan since 2004
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• 5th century CE - Bala Hissar (fortress) built (approximate date).
• 565 - Kabul Shahi is in power.
• 794 - Shahi capital relocated to Kabul from Kapisa.
• 1461 - Wali khan Beg is in power.^[1]
• 1502 - Arghunid Muqim in power.^[1]
• 1504 - Siege of Kabul; Mughal Babur in power.^[1]
• 1528 - Gardens of Babur developed outside city.
• 1545 - Mughal Humayun in power.^[2]
• 1637 - Char Chatta (bazaar) built.^[3]
• 1646 - Shahjahani Mosque built.^[4]
• 1738 - Persian Nader Shah captures citadel.^[1]
• 1747 - Ahmad Shah Durrani in power.^[1]
• 1772 - Timur Shah Naizy in power.^[1]
• 1773 - Durrani capital relocated to Kabul from Kandahar (approximate date).^[3]
• 1793 - Timur Shah Mausoleum built.^[4]
• 1838 - British troops arrive.^[5]
• 1839 - 7 August: Shah Shujah Durrani in power.^[5]
• 1841 - 2 November: Uprising against Shah Shujah Durrani.^[3]
• 1842
  • Battle of Kabul.
  • Earthquake.
• 1850 - Char Chatta (bazaar) restored.^[6]
• 1879
  • 3 September: British residency attacked.^[3]
  • October: British occupy Kabul.^[3]
  • December: Siege of the Sherpur Cantonment.

20th century

• 1901
  • Arg (presidential palace) built.^[7]
  • Population: 140,000 (estimate).^[8]
• 1903 - Habibia High School founded.
• 1913 - Clock tower built.^[9]
• 1919
  • Mu'arrif-i ma'arif begins publication.^[10]
  • Id Gah Mosque and Amir 'Abd al-Rahman Mausoleum built.^[4]
• 1920s
  • Shah-Do Shamshira Mosque built.^[4]
  • Tajbeg Palace and Darul Aman Palace built outside city.
• 1922 - Lycée Esteqlal established.
• 1923 - Kabul–Darulaman Tramway constructed.
• 1924 - Amani High School founded.
• 1928 - Paghman Gardens open.
• 1931
  • Kabul University established.
  • National Museum of Afghanistan relocated to Darulaman from Koti Bagcha.^[11]
• 1933 - 8 November: Mohammed Nadir Shah assassinated.^[12]
• 1940 - Radio Kabul begins broadcasting with 20 kilowatt transmitter.
• 1948 - Ghulam Mohammad Farhad becomes mayor.
• 1957 - Sherpur Mosque built.^[4]
• 1961 - Jangalak neighborhood established.^[13]
• 1965 - Population: 435,000.^[1]
• 1967
  • Kabul Zoo inaugurated.
  • Kabul Golf Club opens outside city.
• 1968 - Naghlu Dam begins generating hydroelectric power.
• 1969 - Hotel Inter-Continental in business.
• 1970 - Kabul Airport in operation (approximate date).
• 1975 - Rock music festival held.^[14]
• 1977 - Revolutionary Association of the Women of Afghanistan founded.
• 1978
  • April: Anti-Daoud demonstrations.
  • 28 April: Coup.
• 1979 - 27 December: Soviet forces occupy city.
• 1989 - Soviet troops withdraw.^[15]
• 1992 - April: Battle of Kabul (1992–1996) begins.^[15]
• 1995 - 6 September: Pakistani embassy sacked.
• 1996 - 27 September: Taliban take city.

21st century

• 2001
  • 13–14 November: City besieged by United States forces.
  • Population: 2,080,000 (estimate).^[1]
• 2002
  • 25 January: Marjan (lion) of Kabul Zoo dies.
  • Nejat Drug Rehabilitation Centre active.^[16]
• 2003
  • December: Constitutional convention.
  • Khwaja Faqiron Mosque reconstructed.^[4]
  • Music school established.^[17]
• 2004
  • Jamhuriat Hospital built.
  • Sultani Museum established.^[15]
• 2005
  • French Medical Institute for Children established.
  • City administrative sectors expand to 18 (from 11).
  • Kabul City Center (shopping mall) opens.
• 2008
  • 14 January: Hotel attack.
  • July: Bombing of Indian embassy.^[18]
• 2009
  • 15 August: Bombing of NATO building.
  • Air pollution in Kabul reaches annual mean of 86 PM2.5 and 260 PM10, much higher than recommended.^[19]
• 2010 - Muhammad Yunus Nawandish becomes mayor.
• 2011
  • 21 May: Bombing of military hospital.^[20]
  • 28 June: Bombing of Inter-Continental Hotel, Kabul.
  • 13 September: Attack on US Embassy and elsewhere
  • 6 December: Bombing at mosque.
  • Kabul National Cricket Stadium opens.
  • Institute for Afghan Arts & Architecture established.^[21]
• 2012
  • February: 2012 Afghanistan Quran burning protests.^[22]
  • April 2012 Afghanistan attacks by Taliban.^[18][22]
  • 13 May: Assassination of Arsala Rahmani Daulat.^[22]
  • Abdul Rahman Mosque and Afghanistan Football Federation stadium open.
  • Population: 3,289,000 (estimate).^[23]
• 2016 - 23 July: Bombing in vicinity of Deh Mazang square.

See also

• History of Kabul
• List of rulers of Kabul
• List of newspapers in Kabul
• List of universities in Kabul Province
• List of schools in Kabul
• Timeline of Afghan history

References

Further reading

Published in the 19th century

• Jedidiah Morse; Richard C. Morse (1823), "Cabul", A New Universal Gazetteer (4th ed.), New Haven: S. Converse 
• Alexander Burnes (1842), Cabool: being a personal narrative of a journey to, and residence in that city, in the years 1836, 7, and 8, London: J. Murray, OCLC 7415868 
• Mountstuart Elphinstone (1842), "(City of Caubul)", An Account of the Kingdom of Caubul (2nd ed.), London: R. Bentley, OCLC 03061751 
• G.T. Vigne (1843), "(Kabul)", A Personal Narrative of a Visit to Ghuzni, Kabul and Afghanistan (2nd ed.), London: G. Routledge, OCLC 6388460 
• Joshua Duke (1883), "(Kabul City)", Recollections of the Kabul campaign, London: W. H. Allen & Co., OCLC 5729453 

Published in the 20th century

• Angus Hamilton (1910), "Kabul", Afghanistan, Boston: J. B. Millet Company, OCLC 2086903 
• Schellinger and Salkin, ed. (1996). "Kabul". International Dictionary of Historic Places: Asia and Oceania. UK: Routledge. ISBN 9781884964046. 

Published in the 21stcentury

• Who Governs Kabul? Explaining Urban Politics in a Post-War Capital City, London: Crisis States Research Centre, 2000 – via International Relations and Security Network 

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to History of Kabul.

• "Historic Cities Programme: Afghanistan". Aga Khan Trust for Culture. Aga Khan Development Network.