Sven Hassel

Sven Hassel (19 April 1917 – 21 September 2012 in Barcelona[1][2]) was the pen name of the Danish-born Børge Willy Redsted Pedersen[3][4][5] who wrote novels set during World War II.

In Denmark he used the pen name Sven Hazel.[6]

Biography

Excerpt from the parish register documenting the marriage and subsequent name changes of Børge Willy Redsted Pedersen and Laura Dorthea Guldbæk Jensen.

Pedersen aka Hassel (or Hazel) was born on 19 April 1917 as the first of seven children to miller Peder Oluf Pedersen and his 20-year-old wife Maren Hansine Andersen in Nyhuse, Frederiksborg Slotssogn in Frederiksborg County, Denmark and on the second Sunday after Trinity baptized Børge Willy Redsted Pedersen.[3][7][8][9][10][11][12]

In 1920 Pedersen aka Hassel moved with his parents and little brother from Agerup in Hyllinge parish where his father had been born to Copenhagen, where in 1921 they lived in Peter Fabersgade 4 with his father supporting the family as a miller foreman at the Toldbod mill.[7]

In 1924 the family had moved to Ny Toldbodgade 23, with his father still a foreman[8] and in 1929 they lived in Tverstedgade 3, Vanløse where in 1930 his father supported the family as a miller at Dansk Sojakagefabrik.[9]

On Palm Sunday 1931 he was confirmed in Vanløse church, while still living in Tverstedgade 3.[10]

Pedersen aka Hassel claimed that at the age of 14 he joined the merchant navy as a cabin boy and worked on ships until his military service in 1936.[13] However, while his two-years-younger brother Tommy Redsted Pedersen[9] was entered in the army levy roll for Copenhagen in 1937 when he turned 18[14] and his four-years-younger brother Uffe Redsted Pedersen[9] was entered in the same roll in 1939 when he turned 18,[15] Pedersen aka Hassel was not entered in the roll from 1934 through 1940.[16]

In 1937, to escape the Great Depression, the unemployed Hassel moved to Germany to join the army. In an interview in 1990, he said, "Germany happened to be closer than England, I went to a Wehrmacht recruiting office to enlist, but it wasn't as easy as I had thought. Only German citizens could serve. After six months of trying to join up, the Seventh Cavalry Regiment finally accepted me on the condition that I became a naturalized German."

Hassel served with the 2nd Panzer Division stationed at Eisenach and in 1939 was a tank driver during the invasion of Poland. A year later he attempted to escape. He served with the 2nd Cavalry Regiment and later the 11th and 27th Panzer Regiments (6th Panzer Division) on all fronts except North Africa and was wounded several times. Eventually he reached the rank of lieutenant and received the Iron Cross 1st and 2nd class.

On 23 August 1942 the resistance newspaper De Frie Danske reported that on 13 August a Cadillac registered to leader of DNSAP Frits Clausen had crashed in Copenhagen. A Børge Petersen involved in the crash first disappeared but was later apprehended and awaited trial. DNSAP subsequently issued a statement that due to his prior convictions Børge Petersen was not and could never be a member of DNSAP. De Frie Danske opined that if this statement were true there would hardly be any members at all in DNSAP.[17] The author Erik Haaest claimed that the criminal record of Børge Willy Redsted Pedersen shows that he was the aforementioned Børge Petersen and that he in connection with the car crash impersonated a police officer and that he was living at Høffdingsvej 21[18] with his parents.[19] Haaest's implication is that Pedersen's aka Hassel's claim that he was a naturalized German citizen fighting with the German armed forces is contradicted by his arrest in Copenhagen as a civilian with several prior convictions.[18]

He claimed to have surrendered to Soviet troops in Berlin in 1945 and to have spent the following years in Prisoner-of-war camps in various countries[13] but in reality he was arrested in Denmark in 1945 after the liberation and was held in prison there, first as a suspect and then as a convicted criminal.[20]

He began to write his first book, Legion of the Damned while he was interned.

He was released in 1949 and was planning to join the French Foreign Legion when he met his future wife.

On 6 January 1951 in Garrison Church, Copenhagen Pedersen aka Hassel married the four-years-older Laura Dorthea Guldbæk Jensen, a divorced film translator from Nørre Tranders.[4][5] He registered his intent to marry as a journalist residing at Baggesensgade 1, Nørrebro. His best man was his younger brother Uffe Redsted Pedersen.[9][11][12]

In 1952 his wife gave birth in St Josef's Hospital, Copenhagen, to a son, who was baptized Michael Franz Erwin Guldbæk Angouléme Arbing in Jesus Church, Valby. For the baptism he registered as a journalist and Lieutenant Colonel residing at Colbjørnsensgade 11 while his wife registered as Cand.mag.[4][5]

He went to work in a car factory, but his wife encouraged him to continue to write about his experiences.

In 1953 his debut novel Legion of the Damned was published under the pen name Sven Hazel by Grafisk Forlag[21] after their consultant Georgjedde (Georg Gjedde-Simonsen) had abbreviated and rewritten the manuscript.[22]

In 1957 Hassel suffered from an attack of a sickness caught during the war and was paralyzed for almost two years. After recovery, he began to write more books.

On 10 October 1963 journalist George Kringelbach revealed in his radio programme Natredaktionen on P3 that Sven Hazel was a pen name for the convicted traitor Børge Willy Redsted Pedersen.[1][23] Kringelbach claimed that while Pedersen aka Hassel might have been in Germany during the war, it was not in a penal battalion. Rather, during the war he had been working for a German intelligence agency which collaborated with HIPO.[24] Hassel's publisher Grafisk Forlag subsequently offered all book dealers a refund for his most recent book and ceased collaboration with him. Pedersen aka Hassel therefore formed his own publishing company "Bellum" (Latin for 'War'), which published the remainder of his books.[23]

In 1964 Pedersen aka Hassel moved to Barcelona, Spain, where he lived until his death.[1]

On 29 September 1965 he changed his name to Sven Willy Hasse Arbing[3] and on 28 December 1965 he had his son's name changed to Michael Hasse Arbing while on 26 April 1966 his wife changed hers to Dorthe Laura Hazel Guldbæk Arbing née Jensen.[4][5][11][25]

On 21 September 2012 he died, aged 95, in Barcelona.[1]

Hassel was survived by his son[1] who as of 2014 holds the exclusive rights to his father's works[26] and administrates the domain svenhassel.net from an address in Barcelona.[27]

Works

Hassel's books are written in the first person, with Hassel himself as a character, though not necessarily the lead character. The books describe the exploits of a 27th (Penal) Panzer Regiment composed of expendable soldiers – sentenced criminals, court-martialed soldiers and political undesirables. In addition to Sven, they include Alfred Kalb, "Legionnaire" (ex-member of the French Foreign Legion); Wolfgang Creutzfeldt, a giant of a man ironically named Tiny (variously Little John in some of the books); barracks fixer and shrewd thief Joseph Porta; older sergeant Willie Beier, "Old Un" or "Old Man"; Julius Heide, a Nazi fanatic, Barcelona Blom, a veteran of both sides of the Spanish Civil War, Gregor Martin, who was a removals man before the war, Chief Mechanic Wolf, and Staff Sergeant Hoffman, a non-commissioned officer. They serve on many fronts, including northern Finland, USSR, Italy (Monte Cassino), Greece (The Bloody Road to Death), the Balkans, and France (Liquidate Paris, set during and after the Normandy Invasion). The majority of the action occurs in the USSR. Due to errors in chronology, the regiment fights in several places, hundreds of kilometres apart, at the same time. In some of the books the 27th Regiment does guard duty for the Gestapo in Hamburg (Assignment Gestapo) and also at the military prison at Torgau (March Battalion). Hassel states that the characters are based on real people and events are related to historical events.

Hassel's view of war is brutal.[28] In his books, soldiers fight only to survive, with the Geneva Convention rarely being observed on the Eastern front. People are killed by chance or with very little reason. Occasional pleasant events and peaceful meetings are brutally cut short. Unsympathetic Prussian officers constantly threaten their men with courts-martial and execute them with little provocation. Disgruntled soldiers occasionally kill their own officers to get rid of them. By graphically portraying war as violent and hopeless in such manner, Hassel's books have been said to contain an anti-war message.

In total he published 14 novels which have been translated into 18 languages.[1] In 1987 his book Wheels of Terror was made into a film of the same title and also known as The Misfit Brigade.[29]

In 2011 an opinion piece on literature in Dagbladet Information described Hazel aka Pedersen as a traitor and his debut novel as the worst book ever with its characters plagiarized from All Quiet on the Western Front.[30]

Hassel's books are particularly popular in the United Kingdom, where he sold 15 million of the 53m sold worldwide.[31]

Controversy

The controversial Danish writer Erik Haaest has been disputing Hassel's claims for many years.[32] Haaest writes that Sven Hassel is actually Børge Villy Redsted Pedersen (which was true until Hassel changed his name to Arbing in 1965[3]). According to Haaest, the author never served on the Eastern front but spent the majority of World War II in occupied Denmark and his knowledge of warfare comes second-hand from Danish Waffen-SS veterans whom he met after the end of the war. Haaest claims that during the war period, Pedersen/Hassel was in fact a member of the HIPO Corps or Hilfspolizei, an auxiliary Danish police force created by the Gestapo, consisting of collaborators.

Haaest discovered that in 1945, after the liberation, Pedersen aka Hassel was arrested in Denmark and in 1947 tried and sentenced for collaboration with the Germans (Retsopgøret)[20] and that therefore Pedersen/Hassel's claims that he spent the post-war years in various POW camps are not true.

Haaest also alleges that Pedersen/Hassel's first novel was ghostwritten and that, when it became a success, he employed his wife to write the rest of his books.

The second half of the book "The bloody Road to Death" (1976) is plagiarized from "The Gang That Couldn't Shoot Straight" a 1969 novel written by Jimmy Breslin

Bibliography

English titles:[33]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Kulørt dansk krigsforfatter er død" [Colourful Danish War Author Dies]. Politiken (in Danish). Ritzau. 2012-09-23. Retrieved 2014-09-24.
  2. ↑ "Kulørt dansk krigsforfatter er død" [Colourful Danish War Author Dies]. Jyllands-Posten (in Danish). Ritzau. 2012-09-23. Retrieved 2014-09-24.
  3. 1 2 3 4 "Fødte Mandkøn" [Born Males]. Kirkebog [Parish Register]. 1917-1921 (in Danish). Hillerød. 1917. p. 3.
  4. 1 2 3 4 "Fødte Mandkøn" [Born Males]. Kirkebog [Parish Register]. 1950-1954 (in Danish). Valby Sogn. 1952. p. 66.
  5. 1 2 3 4 "Fødte Mandkøn" [Born Males]. Kirkebog [Parish Register]. 1951-1952 (in Danish). Helligkors. 1952. p. 268+351.
  6. ↑ "Millionsælgende dansk forfatter er død" [Million-selling Danish Author Dies]. Berlingske (in Danish). 23 September 2012. Retrieved 2016-04-09.
  7. 1 2 Folketælling [Census] (in Danish). Copenhagen. 1 February 1921. Peter Fabersgade 4-sttv.
  8. 1 2 Folketælling [Census] (in Danish). Copenhagen. 5 November 1925. Ny Toldbodgade 23-st.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 Folketælling [Census] (in Danish). Copenhagen. 5 November 1930. Tverstedvej 3-sttv.
  10. 1 2 "Konfirmerede Drenge" [Confirmed Boys]. Kirkebog [Parish Register]. 1928-1935 (in Danish). Vanløse. 1931. p. 25.
  11. 1 2 3 "Ægteviede" [Married]. Kirkebog [Parish Register]. 1946-1961 (in Danish). Garnision. 1951. p. 119.
  12. 1 2 "Ægteviede" [Married]. Kirkebog [Parish Register]. 1944-1965 (in Danish). Maria. 1951. p. 102.
  13. 1 2 "About the Author". 2014-03-28. Retrieved 2014-09-25.
  14. ↑ "1. Udskrivningskreds. 1. lægd" [First Enlistment Circuit. First Levying District]. Landrulle. Register til tilgangslister [Levy Roll (Army). Index of supplementary roll]. 1848 - 1940 (in Danish). Copenhagen. 1937. p. 91. Pedersen, Tommy Redsted 403
  15. ↑ "1. Udskrivningskreds. 1. lægd" [First Enlistment Circuit. First Levying District]. Landrulle. Register til tilgangslister [Levy Roll (Army). Index of supplementary roll]. 1848 - 1940 (in Danish). Copenhagen. 1939. p. 187. Pedersen, Uffe Redsted 5035
  16. ↑ "1. Udskrivningskreds. 1. lægd" [First Enlistment Circuit. First Levying District]. Landrulle. Register til tilgangslister [Levy Roll (Army). Index of supplementary roll]. 1848 - 1940 (in Danish). Copenhagen. 1934–1940.
  17. ↑ "D.N.S.A.P. - Bilens Sindssyge Kørsel" [The DNSAP-car's insane driving]. De frie Danske (in Danish). 23 August 1942. p. 14. Retrieved 29 December 2014. Hele denne Sag giver iøvrigt et udmærket Indblik i det Hof af Svirebrødre, Cykletyve, Dokumentfalsknere, og lignende Lovovertrædere, som Frits Clausen omgiver sig med, og Landsretsagfører Helge Bangsteds Erklæring om, at den i første Omgang forsvundne Passager, Børge Petersen, ikke var og aldrig havde kunnet blive Medlem af D.N.S.A.P. paa Grund af de Straffedomme der var overgaaet ham, maatte hvis den var rigtig, uvægerligt betyde, at det i Forvejen ikke særligt store Parti, faktisk helt vilde forsvinde; for de Par Stykker indenfor D.N.S.A.P., der ikke har været straffet, er i hvert Fald ikke saa mange, at de kan gøre Krav paa at blive kaldt et Parti
  18. 1 2 Haaest, Erik (2010). Sven Hazel mysteriet [The Sven Hazel Mystery] (in Danish). Bogan. pp. 136–139. ISBN 978-87-7466-501-4. OCLC 759883134.
  19. ↑ "Konfirmerede Piger" [Confirmed Girls]. Kirkebog [Parish Register]. 1941-1958 (in Danish). Vigerslev Sogn. 11 April 1943. p. 23. Chauffør Peder Oluf Pedersen og Hustru Maren Hansine f. Andersen. Høffdingsvej 21
  20. 1 2 Rigsarkivet, Københavns Byret, 21. Afdeling for Retsopgørssager, Dombog 1945-1948, 8-46, Domsdato 12. November 1947 (Danish)
  21. ↑ "De fordømtes legion — Sven Hazel" (in Danish). Bibliotek.dk. Retrieved 2014-09-27.
  22. ↑ "Sven Hazel (1917-2012)". litteraturpriser.dk (in Danish). 2015-01-23. Retrieved 2015-02-21.
  23. 1 2 "Oplysninger om enkelte forfattere" (in Danish). 2014-07-31. Retrieved 2014-09-27.
  24. ↑ Berthelsen, Carsten. Den Store Danske [The Great Danish] (in Danish). Gyldendal. Sven Hazel. Retrieved 2015-02-20.
  25. ↑ "Fødte Kvindekøn" [Born Females]. Kirkebog [Parish Register]. 1905-1914 (in Danish). Vejgaard. 1913. p. 308.
  26. ↑ "Publishers & Agents". 2014-09-28. Retrieved 2014-03-28.
  27. ↑ "svenhassel.net Whois Lookup & IP". 2014-09-25. Retrieved 2014-09-25.
  28. ↑ SS General (Cassell Military Paperbacks). "Brutality of the Second World War". Amazon.com. Retrieved 2012-07-06.
  29. ↑ The Misfit Brigade at the Internet Movie Database
  30. ↑ "Jeg læser, til jeg keder mig" [I read till I am bored] (in Danish). Copenhagen: Dagbladet Information. 30 July 2011. Retrieved 14 December 2014.
  31. ↑ "Sven Hassel obituary". The Guardian. 2 October 2012. Retrieved 17 March 2014.
  32. ↑ "Erik Haaest challenging Hassel's claims". Home.tiscali.dk. Retrieved 2012-07-06.
  33. ↑ "Books by the author". Librarything.com. 1917-04-19. Retrieved 2012-07-06.

External links

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