Superior Graduate Schools in Italy

Palazzo della Carovana, Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa main building

A Superior Graduate School (Italian: Scuola Superiore Universitaria) is a completely independent institution from a legal point of view, which offers advanced training and research through university-type courses or is dedicated to teaching at graduate or post-doctoral level.

Overview

The Superior Graduate Schools (Grandes écoles) in Italy,[1] the Scuola Superiore Universitaria, are recognized by the Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (Italy)(MIUR) [2] as fully autonomous. Three Superior Graduate Schools have "university status"; three institutes have the status of doctoral colleges, which function at graduate and post-graduate levels; and nine other schools are direct offshoots of universities, lacking independent university status. These state institutions are commonly referred to as Scuole di Eccellenza ("Schools of Excellence")[1][3]

The institutions offer recognized national and international titles, including the Diploma di Perfezionamento (equivalent to a doctorate), Dottorato di Ricerca ("Research Doctorate"), and Doctor Philosophiae (Ph.D).[4] Some of these institutions, individually or in co-operation with the universities with which they work, also organize courses leading to master's degrees.

The oldest and most famous Superior Graduate School in Italy is the Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, founded in 1810 by Napoleon as a branch of the famous École Normale Supérieure in Paris, upon which it was modelled. The Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies also has long history of existence in Italian education, as its origins are in the Collegio Medico-Giuridico of the Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa and the Conservatorio di Sant'Anna, an even older educational institution with roots in the fourteenth century.[5]

Superior Graduate Schools with "University Status"

Superior Graduate Schools with the status of Doctoral Colleges

Superior Graduate School which are direct offshoots of other universities

Research Doctorate or Ph.D

The first institution in Italy to create a doctoral program (PhD) was Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa in 1927 under the historic name "Diploma di Perfezionamento".[21][22] Further, the research doctorates or PhD (Italian: Dottorato di ricerca) in Italy were introduced with law and Presidential Decree in 1980 (Law of February 21, 1980, No. 28 and the Presidential Decree No. 382 of 11 July 1980), referring to the reform of academic teaching, training and experimentation in organisation and teaching methods.[23][24]

Hence, the Superior Graduate Schools in Italy [1] (Italian: Scuola Superiore Universitaria),[25] also called Schools of Excellence (Italian: Scuole di Eccellenza)[1][3] such as Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa and Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies still keep their reputed historical "Diploma di Perfezionamento" PhD title by law[22][26] and MIUR Decree.[27][28]

The Superior Graduate School or Scuola Superiore Universitaria has "Diplomi di Perfezionamento ", which are equivalent to "Dottorati di Ricerca" (PhD).:[4][29][30]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Ricerca Italiana - Scuole di Eccellenza
  2. ↑ Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca
  3. 1 2 Scuole di Eccellenza
  4. 1 2 Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR) Decree
  5. ↑ Statuto della Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna in Gazzetta Ufficialeil 28 dicembre 2011
  6. ↑ Scuola normale superiore di Pisa
  7. ↑ Scuola superiore di studi universitari e di perfezionamento Sant'Anna di Pisa
  8. ↑ Istituto universitario di studi superiori di Pavia
  9. ↑ Scuola internazionale superiore di studi avanzati di Trieste
  10. ↑ Istituto italiano di scienze umane di Firenze
  11. ↑ Istituto di studi avanzati di Lucca
  12. ↑ Collegio superiore sul sito dell'università degli studi di Bologna
  13. ↑ Scuola di studi superiori sul sito dell'università degli studi di Torino
  14. ↑ Scuola superiore Santa Chiara sul sito dell'università degli studi di Siena
  15. ↑ Scuola superiore sul sito dell'università degli studi di Catania
  16. ↑ Istituto superiore universitario di formazione interdisciplinare sul sito dell'università degli studi di Lecce
  17. ↑ Scuola galileiana di studi superiori sul sito dell'università degli studi di Padova
  18. ↑ Collegio europeo di Parma
  19. ↑ Scuola superiore sul sito dell'università degli studi di Udine
  20. ↑ Scuola di Studi Superiori 'Giacomo Leopardi'
  21. ↑ Student Guidebook - Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa
  22. 1 2 STATUTO DELLA SCUOLA NORMALE SUPERIORE DI PISA (legge 18 giugno 1986, n. 308)
  23. ↑ Law of February 21, 1980, No. 28
  24. ↑ Decreto Presidente Repubblica 11 luglio 1980, n. 382
  25. ↑ "Italy's big six form network for elite" in Times Higher Education (THE) by Paul Bompard, 18 February 2000
  26. ↑ Article 3 of the Law of 14 February 1987, No.41 | L. 14 febbraio 1987, n. 41 Istituzione della Scuola superiore di studi universitari e di perfezionamento S. Anna di Pisa
  27. ↑ Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR) Decree
  28. ↑ Università in Italia, Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR)
  29. ↑ FLC CGIL - Federazione Lavoratori della Conoscenza - Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR) Decree
  30. ↑ Università in Italia, Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR)

External links

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