Sophia Jagiellon, Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneburg

Sophia Jagiellon
Princess of Poland
Portrait by Lucas Cranach the Younger (c. 1553)
Duchess of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
Reign	1556–1568
Predecessor	Maria of Württemberg
Successor	Hedwig of Brandenburg
Born	13 July 1522 Kraków, Poland
Died	28 May 1575(1575-05-28) (aged 52) Schöningen, Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Holy Roman Empire
Burial	Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Wolfenbüttel
Spouse	Henry V, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
Dynasty	Jagiellon
Father	Sigismund I the Old
Mother	Bona Sforza
Religion	Lutheranism prev. Roman Catholicism

Sophia Jagiellon of Poland (Polish: Zofia Jagiellonka; 13 July 1522 – 28 May 1575), a member of the Jagiellonian dynasty, was a Polish princess and Duchess of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel from 1556 to 1568 by her marriage with Duke Henry V.

Family

Jagiellon family of Sigismund I, Sophia second to last on the bottom row

Sophia was born in Kraków, a daughter of King Sigismund I of Poland (1467–1548) and his second wife, the Italian princess Bona Sforza (1494–1557). She was the third of her parents' six children and raised at the royal court of Wawel Castle with her siblings including Isabella Jagiellon, Sigismund II Augustus, Anna Jagiellon, Catherine Jagiellon and Albert Jagiellon.

Sophia's maternal grandparents were Gian Galeazzo Sforza and Isabella of Naples, daughter of Alfonso II of Naples and Ippolita Maria Sforza. Sophia's paternal grandparents were Casimir IV Jagiellon and Elisabeth of Habsburg, daughter of King Albert II of Germany and his wife Elisabeth (II) of Bohemia.

Life

When in 1548 her mother Bona Sforza entered into conflict with her son King Sigismund II Augustus over the marriage with his mistress Barbara Radziwiłł, Sophia and her sisters were removed from the Kraków court to live in Masovia.

Between 22 and 25 February 1556 she married the 67-year-old Duke Henry V of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel.^[1] The Catholic duke had been a loyal supporter of the Habsburg emperor Charles V in the Schmalkaldic War. He had been firstly married to Princess Mary (died 1541), a daughter of Count Henry of Württemberg. The couple had eight children, though only one surviving son, Prince Julius, whose elder brothers were killed in the 1553 Battle of Sievershausen. His father considered him an incapable ruler and wished for another heir to the throne; however, the second marriage with Sophia proved childless.

On 11 June 1568 Sophia was widowed. After the death of her husband she retired to the families residence in Schöningen. Shortly after, she fell into dispute with her stepson Duke Julius of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel; the conflict, which concerned the scope of princely rule in the Schöningen esates, ended on 17 January 1572 when both signed an agreement. Julius, however, did not honor the terms and in 1573 Sophia had to ask for help from Emperor Maximilian II.

In the spring of 1570 Sophia converted to Lutheranism and therefore was the first and only Protestant member of the Jagiellonian dynasty. She died on 28 May 1575 at Schöningen Castle. She is buried in the Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Wolfenbüttel.

Ancestry

References

External links

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