Scolypopa australis

Scolypopa australis
An adult and two nymphs
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Hemiptera
Suborder: Auchenorrhyncha
Superfamily: Fulgoroidea
Family: Ricaniidae
Genus: Scolypopa
Species: S. australis
Binomial name
Scolypopa australis
(Walker, 1851)[1]

Scolypopa australis, commonly known as the passionvine hopper is a species of planthopper (Fulgoroidea) in the insect family Ricaniidae found in Australia.[2] Despite their name, they are found not only on passion vines, but on many different plant species such as the lantana.[3] Brown with partly transparent wings, they are about 7mm long as adults and 5mm as nymphs.[4] As an adult they look somewhat like a moth to the untrained eye, and walk "like a ballerina".[2] The nymphs are wingless and are informally known as fluffy bums.[2] When sufficiently aroused they will hop off their plant "with a 'snap'".[2] Like all planthoppers they suck plant sap. This leaves a honeydew secretion which bees gather. They are also known to cause honey poisoning.[5]

In New Zealand

They arrived in New Zealand in 1876, where they are among over 40 (mostly native) species of planthopper including the introduced species Siphanta acuta (green planthoppers), Achilus flammeus (red fingernail bugs) and Anzora unicolor (grey planthoppers), all from Australia.[2] They may be a vector of the 'sudden decline' disease caused by Phytoplasma australiense that has affected the native cabbage tree (Cordyline australis), and are a common pest in gardens.[2] They are also found in regrowing forest.[2] They are very common in the summer and autumn north of Nelson.[2] Honey made from honeydew produced from the shrub tutu is poisonous for humans, despite being harmless to the bees that collected it.[2] The last recorded deaths from eating honey containing tutin were in the 1890s,[6] although sporadic outbreaks of toxic honey poisoning continue to occur.[7] Poisoning symptoms include delirium.[8]

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Scolypopa australis.
  1. ↑ "Australian Faunal Directory". Retrieved 2009-04-20.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Crowe, A. (2002). Which New Zealand Insect?. Auckland, N.Z.: Penguin. p. 87. ISBN 0-14-100636-6.
  3. ↑ Johnson, Judith A. (1998). An introduction to Australian insects. UNSW Press. p. 40. ISBN 0-86840-465-9. Retrieved 2009-04-23.
  4. ↑ "Bug identification - Passionvine hopper". Retrieved 2009-04-20. (Landcare Research)
  5. ↑ Capinera, John L. (2008). Encyclopedia of Entomology. Springer. p. 2928. ISBN 1-4020-6242-7. Retrieved 2009-04-23.
  6. ↑ Johnston, Martin (26 March 2008). "Specialists expected tutin honey outbreak". The New Zealand Herald. Retrieved 7 November 2011.
  7. ↑ Pepperell, Susan (15 February 2009). "Four charges laid over toxic honey". The Sunday Star-Times. Retrieved 7 November 2011.
  8. ↑ "Beekeeper to keep selling after poisoning". Stuff.co.nz. NZPA. 27 March 2009. Retrieved 7 November 2011.
Wikispecies has information related to: Scolypopa australis
This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the 10/23/2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.