SS Pendleton

Bow section of Pendleton aground near Pollock Rip Lightship
History
Name: Pendleton
Owner:
  • War Shipping Administration (1944–48)
  • National Bulk Carriers (1948–52)
Operator:
  • United States Marine Corps (1944–48)
  • National Bulk Carriers (1948–52)
Port of registry: United States Portland, Oregon, United States
Builder: Kaiser shipyards, Portland, Oregon
Yard number: 49
Launched: 21 January 1944
Completed: February 1944
Out of service: 18 February 1952
Identification:
  • United States Official Number 245152
  • Code Letters KWAA
Fate: Broke in two, subsequently scrapped
General characteristics
Type: Type T2-SE-A1 tanker
Tonnage:
Length: 504 feet 0 inches (153.62 m)
Beam: 68 feet 2 inches (20.78 m)
Depth: 39 feet 2 inches (11.94 m)
Installed power: 12,000 hp Steam turbine
Propulsion: Single-screw propeller
Speed: 16 knots (30 km/h)
Crew: 41

SS Pendleton was a Type T2-SE-A1 tanker built in 1944 in Portland, Oregon, United States for the War Shipping Administration. She was sold in 1948 to National Bulk Carriers, serving until February 1952 when she broke in two in a storm. The T2 tanker ships were prone to splitting in two in cold weather. The ship's sinking is the topic of the 2016 film The Finest Hours.

Description

The ship was built at yard number 49 by Kaiser Shipyards, Swan Island Yard, Portland, Oregon.[1] Assessed at 10,448 GRT, 6,801 NRT,[2] 16,643 DWT,[1] she was 504 feet 0 inches (153.62 m) long, with a beam of 68 feet 2 inches (20.78 m) and a depth of 39 feet 2 inches (11.94 m). Her propulsion was "turbo-electric" (a steam turbine driving a generator that produced electricity to power a motor that drove the propeller shaft) The turbine was manufactured by General Electric of Worcester, Massachusetts.[2] It could propel her at a speed of 15 knots (28 km/h).[1]

History

Pendleton was launched on 21 January 1944 and completed in February. She was built for the United States Maritime Commission.[1] She was owned by the War Shipping Administration. Her port of registry was Portland, Oregon. The United States Official Number 245142 and Code Letters KWAA were allocated.[2] During World War II, Pendleton was a member of Convoy ON 249, which departed from Liverpool, Lancashire, United Kingdom on August 18, 1944 and arrived at New York on September 2.[3]

Pendleton was transferred to National Bulk Carriers of Wilmington, Delaware in 1948.[1] In July 1951, Pendleton ran aground in the Hudson River, New York. She was refloated the next day. The part of her hull that was aground was in the area where the ship was to break in half, nine months later.[4]

Loss

On February 18, 1952, while en route from New Orleans to Boston, Pendleton broke in two in a gale south of Cape Cod, Massachusetts.[1] A United States Coast Guard Consolidated PBY Catalina aircraft was diverted from searching for another T2 tanker Fort Mercer to search for Pendleton, and located both sections. At this point, the Coast Guard realized that they were dealing with two ships that had broken in two. The Coast Guard Motor Lifeboat CG 36500 was dispatched from Chatham, Massachusetts. She had only four crew on board as the rest of her crew had made themselves scarce on hearing that the 36-foot (11 m) CG-36500 was to be sent out to Pendleton's aid.[5] Nine of Pendleton's 41 crew were lost, eight were on the bow section and the ship's cook from the stern section,[4] who had selflessly assisted the rest of the crew off the vessel before him. He was lost when, as the ship started to slide off a sand bar (that she landed on) by the strong gale force winds, he jumped from the Jacob's ladder, fell into the ocean, and was struck by the lifeboat as it was hit by a wave, killing him instantly. With the survivors on board, a row developed over how they should be dealt with. Bernard C. Webber, of the CG-36500 decided not to transfer them to USCGC McCulloch and headed for the beach. The survivors were safely landed at Chatham.[5]

The rescue of the survivors of the shipwrecked Pendleton is considered one of the most daring rescues of the United States Coast Guard.[6] All four crew of CG-36500 were awarded the Coast Guard's Gold Lifesaving Medal.[4] At the time of her loss, Pendleton was insured for $1,690,000.[7]

The stern ultimately grounded off Monomoy Island, south of Chatham, and her forepart grounded on Pollock Rip Shoal,[8] at coordinates 41°35′10″N 69°57′45″W / 41.58611°N 69.96250°W / 41.58611; -69.96250,[9] The bow section was sold in 1953 to North American Smelting Co. for recycling at Bordentown, New Jersey.[10] However, it was stranded on June 4, 1953 in the Delaware River and dismantled there c.1978 by the United States Army Corps of Engineers.[1]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Visser, Auke. "Pendleton". Auke Visser's Famous T – Tankers Pages. Auke Visser. Retrieved September 30, 2014.
  2. 1 2 3 Lloyd's of London. "Lloyd's Register Steamers and Motorships" (PDF). Plimsoll Ship Dara. Retrieved September 30, 2014.
  3. ↑ "Convoy ON.249". Convoyweb. Retrieved October 1, 2014.
  4. 1 2 3 Visser, Auke. "Pendleton Wreck". Auke Visser's Famous T – Tankers Pages. Auke Visser. Retrieved September 30, 2014.
  5. 1 2 Webster, W. Russell (December 2001). "The Pendleton Rescue". United States Coast Guard. Retrieved October 1, 2014.
  6. ↑ "Pendleton Rescue". United States Coast Guard. Retrieved September 30, 2014.
  7. ↑ "American Shipping Casualties". The Times (52240). February 20, 1952. p. 9.
  8. ↑ czm. "Pendleton". Energy and Environmental Affairs. Retrieved January 4, 2016.
  9. ↑ "Pendleton". MWDC. Retrieved October 16, 2016.
  10. ↑ "Pendleton". Retrieved January 4, 2016.

Coordinates: 41°35′10″N 69°57′45″W / 41.58611°N 69.96250°W / 41.58611; -69.96250

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