Romana's sign

Romaña's sign is a medical term for the unilateral painless periorbital swelling associated with the acute stage of Chagas' disease. Not to be confused with a chagoma.

Presentation

It occurs 1-2 weeks after infection. It is due to conjunctival swelling after contamination with the vector's feces, which contains the parasitic Trypanosoma cruzi. Although very characteristic of Chagas' disease, not all patients with the acute form develop Romaña's sign.

When one has Romaña's sign, one will have subcutaneous inflammatory nodule or nonpurulent unilateral palpebral edema and conjunctivitis with ipsilateral regional lymphadenopathy.

Eponym

It is named after Cecilio Romaña, an Argentinian researcher who first described the phenomenon.^[1]^[2]

References

↑ synd/3325 at Who Named It?
↑ C. Romaña. Acerca de un síntoma inicial de valor para el diagnóstico de la forma aguda de la enfermedad de Chagas. La conjuntivitis schizotripanosómica unilateral (hipótesis sobre la puerta de entrada conjuntival de la enfermedad) Mision de Estudios de Patologia Regional Argentina (MEPRA), 1935, (22): 16-25.

Infectious diseases – Parasitic disease: protozoan infection: Excavata (A06–A07, B55–B57, 007, 085–086)

Discicristata

Trypanosomatida

Trypanosomiasis	T. brucei African trypanosomiasis T. cruzi Chagas disease

Leishmaniasis	Leishmania major / L. mexicana / L. aethiopica / L. tropica Cutaneous leishmaniasis L. braziliensis Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis L. donovani / infantum Visceral leishmaniasis

Schizopyrenida

Naegleria fowleri
- Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis

Trichozoa

Diplomonadida	Giardia lamblia (Giardiasis)

Trichomonadida	Trichomonas vaginalis Trichomoniasis Dientamoeba fragilis Dientamoebiasis

Eponymous medical signs for infectious disease

Bacterial disease	syphilis Hutchinson's teeth Hutchinson's triad Abelin reaction Westphal's sign Clutton's joints Dennie-Marfan syndrome

Viral disease	measles Koplik's spots Warthin-Finkeldey cell yellow fever Councilman body Tzanck test Inclusion bodies: poxvirus Downie bodies/A Guarnieri bodies/B rabies Negri bodies Cowdry bodies Liebermeister's rule Faget sign

Parasitic disease	Chagas disease (Romana's sign) African trypanosomiasis (Winterbottom's sign) malaria (Schüffner's dots)

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