Richmond Bridge (Tasmania)

Richmond Bridge
Coordinates 42°44′01″S 147°26′22″E / 42.73361°S 147.43944°E / -42.73361; 147.43944
Carries Motor vehicles, pedestrians and bicycles
Crosses Coal River
Locale Richmond, Tasmania
Characteristics
Total length 41m (135ft)
Width 7.2m (25ft)
Longest span Department of Infrastructure, Energy and Resources
History
Opened 1825

The Richmond Bridge is a heritage listed arch bridge located on the B31 ("Convict Trail") in Richmond, 25 kilometres (15.5 mi) north of Hobart in Tasmania, Australia. It is the oldest bridge still in use in Australia[1] and the oldest stone span bridge in Australia.[2] In 2005, the bridge was recognised as an outstanding historic place and added to the Australian National Heritage List.


History

The foundation stone for the Richmond Bridge was laid on 11 December 1823 and construction continued using convict labour until completion in 1825. The bridge was originally named Bigge's Bridge after Royal Commissioner, John Thomas Bigge, who recognised the need for the bridge in 1820.

The plaque on Richmond Bridge summarising its history
The stone set in the bridge showing construction started in 1823.
Another historic marker set into the bridge

Murder of George Grover

In 1832, an employee of the Richmond Gaol was murdered at Richmond bridge. George Grover was employed as a gaoler whose duties including flogging the prisoners. He was unpopular due to his ferocity and was pushed off the edge of Richmond Bridge after drunkenly falling asleep. No one was convicted of his murder.[3]

Construction

The Richmond Bridge is constructed of sandstone quarried from Butchers Hill, hauled to the construction site by convicts using hand carts. It consists of four main arches, of span 4.3, 8.1, 8.3, 8.5, 8.3 and 4.1 metres (14.1, 26.6, 27.2, 27.9, 27.2, and 13.5 ft) respectively, which spring from sloping fins with angular leading edges aligned with the flow of to the lake

A view through an arch of the bridge

Further Research of the Bridge's History - its construction and environ flora. The plaque gives official recognition to those directly involved in construction of the bridge. During 2004 to 2005 descendants of William Wilson (full name William Hartley Wilson), named on the plaque as Superintendent of Stonemasons for the construction, undertook extensive research into aspects of the bridge's building and subsequent modifications, as well as the natural fauna/flora which existed in the vicinity of the bridge at that time.

The purpose of the research was twofold - a) to understand the construction and appearance of the bridge at the time of its completion in 1825, and the significant modifications that it underwent over the 60 or so years after that, and, b) to establish a valid basis to guide a professional landscape artist in undertaking on commission an oil painting of the Bridge as it originally appeared in 1825. This project was completed in May 2007.

The story of the research project, its discoveries and its outcomes is set out in pdf file format and may be accessed as referenced below. The painting of the bridge as it was on its completion in 1825 was created by internationally noted Hobart artist, Mrs Joan Humble (Joan Humble OAM). The original painting is owned by the initiator of the research project.

The essential purpose of the research project was to discover what post initial construction changes had been made to the Bridge, and to then depict its original construction appearance in a quality image which would not otherwise exist, and additionally, to set that depiction in the original 1825 environment; thus the research encompassed identifying the original flora in terms of grasses, reeds, shrubs and trees and including those in the depiction (in place of the European flora which dominates the area today. The depiction also adopted a southern aspect which features the quarry on Butchers Hill from which the sandstone masonry used in the Bridge and much of the emerging village came.

The 1825 depiction shows the Bridge did not at its completion have the 1823 stone plaques attached above its central pier; the three middle piers were originally traditional vertical cutwaters identical to the two piers as still seen today at water's edge, and did not have the quite bulky elongated hexagonal plan cutwaters (added in 1884/5); and the townside Bridge approach followed the same gentle downward slope design as still exists at the eastern end and as seen in the lower road level string course. This modification was made in 1834/5 and was undertaken for Bridge approach safety reasons. The bronze plaque is of course a very recent addition on the roadside inner wall, added in 1991.

A copy of the image and the pdf research file may be seen on this website page - http://bonniewilliam.com/honours/architects-and-masons/ . Whilst beauty will always be as perceived in the eye of the viewer, many people interested in Tasmanian edifices of historial note consider the circa 1825 depiction shows the original construction to have had finer and more balanced features.

Official records held in the Mitchell Library confirmed what records held by Wilson's descendants had indicated: William Hartley Wilson held not only the role of Superintendent of Stonemasons but also the role of Colonial Architect for Van Diemen's Land. Wilson was not a qualified architect, rather he had been appointed to that role by Lieutenant Governor Sorell in the absence of a more qualified candidate. Wilson was therefore the first Colonial Architect of Van Diemen's Land whilst it was still a part of the Colony of NSW; David Lambe who succeeded Wilson was the first Colonial Architect of Van Diemen's Land as a sovereign Colony under the Crown (1825).

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Tasmania's bridges; historic, beautiful and functional". abc.net.au. ABC. Retrieved 5 January 2016.
  2. ↑ "National Heritage Places - Richmond Bridge". environment.gov.au. Department of Environment, Commonwealth of Australia. Retrieved 5 January 2016.
  3. ↑ Bellamy, D. "History of Richmond" (PDF). City of Clarence.
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