Rapid transit in the United Kingdom

Rapid transit in the United Kingdom consists of four systems in three cities: the London Underground and Docklands Light Railway, Tyne and Wear Metro and the Glasgow Subway.

The Merseyrail in Liverpool possesses some aspects of a rapid transit system, although is usually referred to as a commuter line.

Overview

The United Kingdom is the birthplace of rapid transit, with London and Glasgow hosting the world's first and third urban rail transit. From 1893 to 1956 the Liverpool Overhead Railway was the only elevated rapid transit in the country, but fell into disuse. In the 20th and 21st century the United Kingdom has chosen to not prioritise investment in rapid transit schemes; instead cities like Manchester, Sheffield, and Edinburgh have opted for light rail systems.

City	System	Start of operations	System Length	Lines^{[lower-alpha 1]}	Stations^{[lower-alpha 2]}	Voltage	Notes
City	System	Start of operations	London	Lines^{[lower-alpha 1]}	Stations^{[lower-alpha 2]}	Voltage	Notes	London Underground	10 January 1863	402 km	11	270	630 V DC fourth rail	The oldest rapid transit system, incorporating the world's first underground railway.
London	Docklands Light Railway	31 August 1987	34 km	7 (routes)	45	750 V DC third rail	An automated light metro system opened in 1987 to serve the redeveloped Docklands area of London.
Tyne and Wear	Tyne and Wear Metro	11 August 1980	74.5 km	2	60	1500 V DC OLE	A rapid transit and light rail system in North East England, serving Newcastle upon Tyne, Gateshead, South Tyneside, North Tyneside and Sunderland in the Tyne and Wear region.
Glasgow	Glasgow Subway	14 December 1896	10.5 km	1	15	600 V DC third rail	An underground metro line in Glasgow. It is the third-oldest underground metro system in the world after the London Underground and the Budapest Metro, and the only heavy rail underground metro system in the British Isles outside London.

The following are usually referred to as commuter rail systems, but possess aspects of rapid transit:

City	System	Start of operations	System Length	Lines^{[lower-alpha 3]}	Stations^{[lower-alpha 4]}	Voltage	Notes
City	System	Start of operations	London	Lines^{[lower-alpha 3]}	Stations^{[lower-alpha 4]}	Voltage	Notes	London Overground	11 November 2007	123.6 km (official lines)	8	112	third-rail 750 V DC and 25 kV 50 Hz AC (overhead line)	A suburban rail network in the United Kingdom, serving a large part of Greater London and parts of Hertfordshire.
Liverpool	Merseyrail	1886 (Mersey Railway)	121 km (official lines)	2 official (and one unofficial line)	67	third-rail 750 V DC	A commuter rail network, in Merseyside, England. It has 67 stations and 75 miles of route, of which 6.5 miles are underground, its forms one of the most heavily used railway networks in the UK outside London
London	Crossrail (first phase)	2017-2019	136 km	1	40	25 kV 50 Hz AC (Overhead line)	A railway line under construction in London and its environs, providing a new east-west route across Greater London. The aim is to provide a high-frequency commuter/suburban passenger service that will link parts of Berkshire and Buckinghamshire, via central London, to Essex and South East London, relieving the pressure on other railway services.
London	Crossrail (second phase)	To be confirmed	To be confirmed	1	To be confirmed	25 kV 50 Hz AC (Overhead line)	A proposed rail route in South East England, running from nine stations in Surrey to three in Hertfordshire providing a new rail link across London on the Crossrail network.

Rapid transit in Europe

Sovereign states	Albania Andorra Armenia Austria Azerbaijan Belarus Belgium Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Georgia Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Kazakhstan Latvia Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Macedonia Malta Moldova Monaco Montenegro Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Romania Russia San Marino Serbia Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey Ukraine United Kingdom

States with limited recognition	Abkhazia Kosovo Nagorno-Karabakh Northern Cyprus South Ossetia Transnistria

Dependencies and other territories	Åland Faroe Islands Gibraltar Guernsey Isle of Man Jersey Svalbard

Local rail transport in the United Kingdom

Metros	Docklands Light Railway (East London) Glasgow Subway London Underground Night Tube Tyne and Wear Metro

Tramways	Blackpool Edinburgh Greater Manchester Nottingham Sheffield South London West Midlands

Urban rail	Belfast Bristol Birmingham Cardiff Edinburgh Glasgow Leeds/Bradford Liverpool London

↑ Indicates lines that are in operation for operational systems, lines that are under construction for under construction systems and proposed lines for proposed systems.
↑ Indicates stations that are in operation for operational systems, stations that are under construction for under construction systems and proposed stations for proposed systems.
↑ Indicates lines that are in operation for operational systems, lines that are under construction for under construction systems and proposed lines for proposed systems.
↑ Indicates stations that are in operation for operational systems, stations that are under construction for under construction systems and proposed stations for proposed systems.

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