Process management (Project Management)

Process management in civil engineering and project management is a ..."systematic series of activities directed towards causing an end result such that one or more inputs will be acted upon to create one or more outputs."^[1] The term usually refers to the management of engineering processes and project management processes where a process is a collection of related, structured tasks that produce a specific service or product to address a certain goal for a particular actor or set of actors.^[2]
Process management offers project organizations a means of applying the same quality improvement and defect reduction techniques used in business and manufacturing processes by taking a process view of project activity; modeling discrete activities and high-level processes. ^{[note 1] [1][3]} Processes can be executed with procedures.^[1] They can be described as a sequence of steps that can execute a process and their value lies in that they are an accepted method of accomplishing a consistent performance or results.^[3]
Process management provides engineering and project managers with a means of systemically thinking of project organizations, Semantics concepts and logical frameworks that allow project activities to be planned, executed, analyzed and facilitate learning.^{[note 2]} Process management in this context requires engineering knowledge, management activities and skill sets whereas business processes or manufacturing processes require operations management activities, and skill sets.^[1]
Process management originated as part of the manufacturing based application of statistical quality control movement in the late 1920s and early 1930s.^[3] What is relatively new, however, is the transition of process management methods from a manufacturing environment to a total company orientation ^[3] and project management.
Process management in the context of project management or engineering represents a change from the traditional concept of organizational authority using hierarchies and organizational structure to one requiring flexibility to ensure efficient process workflows. .^{[note 3]} In order for process management as defined to deliver consistent performance, it requires definition, elimination of non-Value added activities, continuous improvement, project stakeholder focus and team based approach.^{[note 4]}
ISO 9000 promotes the process approach to managing an organization.

...promotes the adoption of a process approach when developing, implementing and improving the effectiveness of a quality management system, to enhance customer satisfaction by meeting customer requirements.^[4]

Tools and Models

Process models are `an effective way to show how a process works'.^[5] Project Management process modeling tools provide managers and engineering professionals with the ability to model their processes, implement and execute those models, and refine the models based on actual performance. The result is that business process modeling tools can provide transparency into project management processes, as well as the centralization of project organization process models and execution metrics.
A number of modelling/systems analysis techniques exist such as data flow diagrams (DFD), HIPO model (hierarchy + input-process-output), data modeling and IDEF0 (integration definition language 0 for function modelling) process modelling technique.

Threaded Processes

A process activity that is concurrent or simultaneously executing can be termed a thread.^[6]

See also

• Program management
• Project Management
• Total Quality Management
• Business Process Management
• Process Architecture

Notes

References

Further reading

• Cooper, Rachel, Aouad, Ghassan, and Lee, Angela. Process Management in Design and Construction (1). Chichester, GB: Wiley-Blackwell, 2008. ProQuest ebrary. Web. 8 October 2016.
• Epstein, Daniel, and Maltzman, Rich. Project Workflow Management : A Business Process Approach. Plantation, US: J. Ross Publishing, 2013. ProQuest ebrary. Web. 8 October 2016.
• Krogstie, John, Perspectives to Process Modeling Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim krogstie@idi.ntnu.no published in Business Process Management : Theory and Applications. Berlin/Heidelberg, DE: Springer, 2013. ProQuest ebrary. Web. 8 October 2016.
  • The article presents a review of business process modeling; first describing the main approaches of process modeling which are then classified according to the main modeling perspective being used with modeling perspectives namely the: behavioral, functional, structural, goal-oriented, object-oriented, language action, organizational and geographical.
• Mitchell L. Project and Program Management: A Competency-Based Approach, Third Edition. West Lafayette: Purdue University Press, 2016. https://muse.jhu.edu/ (accessed October 8, 2016). See Chapter 3 Process Management—Evolution and Definition.
• Wysocki, Robert. Project Management Process Improvement. Norwood, US: Artech House Books, 2004. ProQuest ebrary. Web. 8 October 2016.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Project management.

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