Pleurobranchaea maculata
| Pleurobranchaea maculata | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| (unranked): | clade Heterobranchia clade Euthyneura |
| Superfamily: | Pleurobranchoidea |
| Family: | Pleurobranchaeidae |
| Genus: | Pleurobranchaea |
| Species: | P. maculata |
| Binomial name | |
| Pleurobranchaea maculata Quoy & Gaimard, 1834 | |
Pleurobranchaea maculata, or the grey side-gilled slug, is a species of sea slug, specifically a side-gill slug or notaspidean. It is a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Pleurobranchaeidae.
Distribution
This species occurs around the North Island and South Island of New Zealand. In 2009 it has been reported very outside their native range, on the coast of Argentina from where it spread rapidly, currently encompassing ca. 2,000 km along the southwestern Atlantic coast.[1][2]
Habitat
This side-gill slug is found intertidally in harbours, and to depths of up to 250 m off rocky coasts.
Description
This slug has no shell. The coloration is pale grey, densely patterned with short, brown lines. The animal is up to 100 mm in length.
Life habits
This slug eats sea anemones, marine worms, and molluscs.
In 2009, a major scare in the Auckland Region of New Zealand was sparked after several dogs died of tetrodotoxin poisoning after eating Pleurobranchaea maculata (grey side-gilled seaslug) on beaches.[3] Children and pet owners were asked to avoid beaches, and recreational fishing was also interrupted for a time. After exhaustive analysis, it was found that the sea slugs must have ingested tetrodotoxin.[4]
References
- ↑ Farias, N. E.; Wood, S. A.; Obenat, S.; Schwindt, E. (2016-07-02). "Genetic barcoding confirms the presence of the neurotoxic sea slug Pleurobranchaea maculata in southwestern Atlantic coast". New Zealand Journal of Zoology. 43 (3): 292–298. doi:10.1080/03014223.2016.1159582. ISSN 0301-4223.
- ↑ Farias, N. E.; Obenat, S.; Goya, A. B. (2015-01-02). "Outbreak of a neurotoxic side-gilled sea slug (Pleurobranchaea sp.) in Argentinian coasts". New Zealand Journal of Zoology. 42 (1): 51–56. doi:10.1080/03014223.2014.990045. ISSN 0301-4223.
- ↑ McNabb, P.; Mackenzie, L.; Selwood, A.; Rhodes, L.; Taylor, D.; Cornelison, C. (2009). Review of tetrodotoxins in the sea slug Pleurobranchaea maculata and coincidence of dog deaths along Auckland beaches. Prepared by Cawthron Institute for the Auckland Regional Council. Auckland Regional Council Technical Report 2009/ 108.
- ↑ Gibson, Eloise (15 August 2009). "Puffer fish toxin blamed for deaths of two dogs". The New Zealand Herald. Retrieved 19 November 2011.
- Morley, M. S., Photographic Guide to Seashells of New Zealand, New Holland Publishers (NZ) Ltd, 2004 ISBN 1-86966-044-7
