North Santiam River

North Santiam River
North Santiam River at Niagara County Park
Name origin: Kalapuya tribe that lived near the Santiam River until removal to the Grande Ronde Reservation in 1906[1]
Country United States
State Oregon
County Linn and Marion
Source Santiam Lake
 - location Cascade Range, Mount Jefferson Wilderness, Linn County
 - elevation 5,133 ft (1,565 m) [2]
 - coordinates 44°28′39″N 121°53′04″W / 44.47750°N 121.88444°W / 44.47750; -121.88444 [3]
Mouth Santiam River
 - location Willamette Valley, Marion County
 - elevation 217 ft (66 m) [3]
 - coordinates 44°41′12″N 123°00′24″W / 44.68667°N 123.00667°W / 44.68667; -123.00667Coordinates: 44°41′12″N 123°00′24″W / 44.68667°N 123.00667°W / 44.68667; -123.00667 [3]
Length 92 mi (148 km) [4]
Basin 766 sq mi (1,984 km2) [4]
Discharge for Mehama, 38.7 miles (62.3 km) from the mouth
 - average 3,371 cu ft/s (95 m3/s)
 - max 76,600 cu ft/s (2,169 m3/s)
 - min 420 cu ft/s (12 m3/s)
Location of the mouth of the North Santiam River in Oregon
Wikimedia Commons: North Santiam River

The North Santiam River is a 92-mile (148 km) tributary of the Santiam River in western Oregon in the United States.[4] It drains 766 square miles (1,980 km2) of the Cascade Range on the eastern side of the Willamette Valley east of Salem.[4]

It rises in the high Cascades in eastern Linn county, northwest of Three Fingered Jack in the Willamette National Forest. It flows north through the mountains past Marion Forks, receiving the drainage from the western slope of Mount Jefferson. Near Mount Jefferson it turns sharply west, descending through a canyon past Idanha and Detroit to Niagara County Park where the valley begins to widen and some agriculture use begins. Continuing west, the river flows past Gates, Mill City and Mehama. It emerges through the foothills into the Willamette Valley near Stayton, then flows 15 miles (24 km) southwest through the valley where it joins the South Santiam River to form the Santiam River. The confluence is approximately 10 miles (16 km) east of the confluence of the Santiam and the Willamette River.

It is impounded by Detroit Dam in the mountains west of Detroit to form Detroit Lake for flood control. Detroit Lake State Park is along the northern shore of the lake.

In the 19th century, the canyon of the North Santiam River provided a formidable obstacle to settlers. The construction of a railroad in 1887 opened up the canyon to settlement and logging of the surrounding mountains.

Fauna

Blocked by Big Cliff Dam near Mill City, the lower North Santiam River supports spring chinook salmon and summer steelhead. In the reaches upstream of the dam, the river is managed mainly as a stocked-trout fishery. Near the stream's source at Santiam Lake in the Mount Jefferson Wilderness, native cutthroat trout, rainbow trout, and brook trout are also found.[5]

The headwaters of Marion Creek, a tributary of the North Santiam River, originate at Marion Lake, which is a location of many wildlife species. This headwaters area is a breeding location for amphibians including the rough-skinned newt.[6]

Watershed

Ten cities draw their drinking water from the North Santiam watershed: Detroit, Gates, Idanha, Jefferson, Lyons, Mehama, Mill City, Salem, Stayton, and Turner.[7]

See also

References

  1. ↑ McArthur, Lewis A.; McArthur, Lewis L. (2003). Oregon Geographic Names (7th ed.). Portland, Oregon: Oregon Historical Society Press. p. 848. ISBN 0-87595-277-1.
  2. ↑ Google Earth elevation for GNIS coordinates
  3. 1 2 3 "North Santiam River". Geographic Names Information System (GNIS). United States Geological Survey. November 28, 1980. Retrieved July 25, 2009.
  4. 1 2 3 4 "The Watershed". North Santiam Watershed Council. Retrieved February 27, 2011.
  5. ↑ Shewey, John (2007). Complete Angler's Guide to Oregon. Belgrade, Montana: Wilderness Adventures Press. pp. 183–86. ISBN 978-1-932098-31-0.
  6. ↑ Hogan, C. Michael (2008). "Rough-skinned Newt (Taricha granulosa)". Globaltwitcher.
  7. ↑ "Current Water Source". City of Salem. Retrieved February 28, 2011.
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