Motor vehicle type approval

Further information: Type approval

The new Framework Directive (Directive 2007/46/EC establishing a framework for the approval of motor vehicles and their trailers, and of systems, components and separate technical units intended for such vehicles)[1] rules approval schemes of the new motor vehicles and their trailers in the European Union:[2]

The European Commission shall adopt amendments to this Directive which are necessary to lay down technical requirements for small series vehicles, vehicles approved under the individual approval procedure and 'special purpose vehicles'.[1]

ECE Regulations to which the Community has acceded and which are listed in Part I of Annex IV and in Annex XI of the frame Directive are part of the EC type-approval of a vehicle in the same way as the separate directives or regulations. They shall apply to the categories of vehicles listed in this Annexes. When the Community has decided to apply on a compulsory basis a UNECE Regulation for the purpose of EC vehicle type-approval in accordance with Article 4(4) of Decision 97/836/EC,[4] the annexes to the Frame Directive shall be amended as appropriate in accordance with the regulatory procedure with scrutiny referred to in Article 40(2) .The UNECE Regulations listed in Part II of Annex IV are recognised as being equivalent to the corresponding separate directives or regulations in as much as they share the same scope and subject matter. Where the Community has decided to applya new UNECE Regulation or a UNECE Regulation as amended, Part II of Annex IV shall be amended as appropriate.[5]

Automotive EC Directives and ECE Regulations require third party approval - testing, certification and production conformity assessment by an independent body. Each member state is required to appoint an Approval Authority to issue the approvals, and a Technical Service to carry out the testing to the Directives and Regulations.

An approval issued by one Authority will be accepted in all the Member States.[6] If a vehicle is produced in a very small quantity (e.g. M1 maximum 75 per year), single EU Member States can grant exception on a discretionary basis, however the validity of the Type Approval is limited to the boundaries of those Nations which concede to it.[7]

Cornerstones of the Type Approval process are:[7]

There are multiple methods of type-approval:[8]

EC Whole Vehicle Type Approval (also called Pan European Type Approval) is to prevent trade barriers, and at the same time guarantee the level of safety and restricted environmental influence of a vehicle. Thanks to that, the car can be registered in each European member state without additional national tests or approval. This harmonisation results in reduced costs and lead time for the manufacturer, importer as well as the consumer.[9] Mandatory compliance date for ECWVTA for M1 vehicles was 2009-04-29.[10] However cars that already have an ECWVTA but are imported from non EC countries often need to be re-approved when entering the EC.[11]

In the United Kingdom, this function is performed by the Vehicle Certification Agency (VCA).[12] This body has the power to issue International Organization for Standardization (ISO) certifications.

Electric vehicles

Electric vehicles are rules by Regulation No 100 of the Economic Commission for Europe of the United Nations (UNECE) — Uniform provisions concerning the approval of battery electric vehicles with regard to specific requirements for the construction, functional safety and hydrogen emission[13]

See also

External links

References

  1. 1 2 "Directive 2007/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 September 2007 establishing a framework for the approval of motor vehicles and their trailers, and of systems, components and separate technical units intended for such vehicles (Framework Directive) Text with EEA relevance". eur-lex.europa.eu - Access to European Union law. publications.europa.eu - Publications Office of the European Union. 09/10/2007. Retrieved 27 September 2009. Check date values in: |date= (help)
  2. ↑ "Motor Vehicle Approval Schemes". Ireland: National Standards Authority of Ireland. NSAI.ie. 1 April 2009. Archived from the original on June 17, 2009. Retrieved 27 September 2009.
  3. ↑ "EC Whole Vehicle Type Approval - Introduction". UK Vehicle Certification Agency, Department for Transport. VCA.gov.uk. 24 September 2009. Retrieved 27 September 2009.
  4. ↑ EUR-Lex – Decision 97/836 - EN
  5. ↑ http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32007L0046:EN:NOT
  6. ↑ Type Approval for Cars
  7. 1 2 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/automotive/speeches_presentations/brussels_15052009.pdf
  8. ↑ Directive 2007/46
  9. ↑ Minister Eurlings of the Netherland Ministry of Transport was handing over the first ever Pan European EV homologation certificate – to Think. / Press releases / Press Materia...
  10. ↑ http://www.rsa.ie/SERVICES/upload/File/ECWVTA/implementation%20dates%20for%20ECWVTA.pdf
  11. ↑ http://www.containersharing.org/en/homologation
  12. ↑ Vehicle Type Approval and ISO Certification through VCA worldwide
  13. ↑ http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:42009X0214%2801%29:EN:NOT
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