Alexius, Metropolitan of Moscow
| Saint Alexius, Metropolitan of Moscow | |
|---|---|
|
| |
| Wonderworker | |
| Born |
~1296 Moscow |
| Died | 1378 |
| Venerated in | Russian Orthodox Church |
| Canonized | 1448 |
| Major shrine | Chudov Monastery |
| Feast | 12 February |
| Attributes | Vested wearing bishop's omophorion and patriarch's koukoulion. Sometimes holding a Gospel Book with his right hand raised in blessing |
| Patronage | Moscow |
Saint Alexius (Алексей or Aleksij in Russian) (before 1296–1378)[1] was Metropolitan of Kiev and all Russia (from 1354), and presided over the Moscow government during Dmitrii Donskoi's minority.
Biography
Alexius, whose name at birth was Elephtherios, was a son of Fyodor (Theodore) Biakont, a boyar from Chernigov who settled in Moscow and founded the great Pleshcheev boyar family. He took monastic vows at the Epiphany Monastery of Moscow around 1313, at which time he was given the religious name of Alexius. In 1333 or so, he joined the household of Metropolitan Theognostus. In 1340, Alexius was appointed the Metropolitan's deputy in Vladimir and twelve years later was consecrated as Bishop of Vladimir.
By the will of Symeon the Proud, Alexius was appointed adviser to his brothers – Ivan and Andrew. After visiting Constantinople, he was chosen to become the Metropolitan of Moscow and all Russia in 1354. When Dmitrii Donskoi and Vladimir the Bold were young, Alexius was their spiritual tutor and served as regent at the same time. He took the side of Dmitrii Donskoi in his struggle against Tver and Nizhny Novgorod, where he once sent St. Sergius of Radonezh to suspend divine service in churches and monasteries, until the political strife was over.
In 1357, Alexius was summoned by Jani Beg, the Khan of the Golden Horde, to cure his mother Taidula Khatun from blindness. The metropolitan's success is held to have prevented a Tatar raid on Moscow.
In 1360s, Alexius founded the Andronikov, Chudov, and Alekseyevsky monasteries. He promoted Metropolitan Peter's canonization by the Russian Orthodox Church. Shortly before his death, Alexius fruitlessly tried to convince Sergius of Radonezh to become his successor.
Alexius was also an author of a number of sermons and epistles. He was glorified (canonized) by the Russian Orthodox Church in 1448 and has been revered as one of the patron saints of Moscow.
Feast Days
February 12, (the day of his repose), May 20, (the day of the uncovering of his relics) and October 5, (Synaxis of the Hierarchs of Moscow).[2] His relics are venerated in Ephiphany Cathedral in Elokhovo.[3]
Popular culture
2012 film The Horde is a highly fictionalised narrative of how Alexius healed Taidula from blindness.
References
- ↑ André Vauchez; Richard Barrie Dobson; Adrian Walford; Michael Lapidge (2000). Encyclopedia of the Middle Ages. Editions du Cerf. p. 39. ISBN 978-1-57958-282-1. Retrieved October 20, 2010.
- ↑ Orthodox Church of America, Feasts and Saints
- ↑ Moscow International Portal
External links
| Eastern Orthodox Church titles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Theognostus |
Metropolitan of Moscow | Succeeded by Cyprian |