Mawddwy Railway

Mawddwy Railway
Locale Wales
Dates of operation 1867 & 1911–1908 & 1951
Successor abandoned
Track gauge 4 ft 8 1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
Length 6 3⁄4 miles (10.9 km)
Headquarters ?

The Mawddwy Railway was a rural line in the Dovey Valley in mid-Wales that connected Dinas Mawddwy with a junction at Cemmaes Road railway station on the Newtown and Machynlleth Railway section of the Cambrian Railways.

Despite being only 6 miles 63 chain (10.9 km) long, there were three intermediate stations at Cemmaes, Aberangell (where it linked to the Hendre-Ddu Tramway) and Mallwyd.

History

Three parallel veins of Ordovician[1] slate run through mid Wales. These veins near the surface at three locations - around Abergynolwyn in the west, surrounding Corris, and at their easternmost in the district around Dinas Mawddwy. Each of these locations has been a centre for slate quarrying, although Corris was the largest producer of the three.

By 1854, the slate quarries at Dinas Mawddwy were employing a significant number of people.[2] At the same time, a new Lord of the manor of Dinas Mawddwy was installed, Edmund Buckley. He sponsored the building of a railway to connect the slate quarries at Dinas Mawddwy with the recently authorised Newtown and Machynlleth Railway line, at Cemmes Road - anglicanised in name so that it would not be confused by passengers with the MR's nearby Cemmaes station.[3]

The construction of the railway was contracted to Richard Samuel France, with the contract starting in 1866. The railway opened on 1 October 1867. The first locomotive to work trains was Mawddwy which had previously been owned by France and used during construction. This was joined in 1868 by a second Manning Wardle locomotive, named Disraeli. Slate traffic and agricultural produce made up the bulk of the traffic on the railway, but from the earliest days it was clear that the railway company was struggling financially. In 1892 the Maes-y-gamfa slate quarry opened, connected to the Mawddwy Railway's Aberangell station via the Hendre-Ddu Tramway, bringing the promise of additional revenue. However, by this time, the infrastructure of the railway was considerably worn and there was no financial revival.[4]

The slate industry continued to decline during the late 1890s and early 1900s, and the Mawddwy Railway continued to run down as revenues did not allow effective maintenance. Passenger services were suspended "pending repairs" around 1900. A single daily freight train continued to run until April 1908, at which point all services were abandoned due to the poor state of the track.[5]

The local community, led by Lt.Col. David Davies, chairman of the Cambrian Railways and grandson of industrialist David Davies, called a series of meetings with the aim of reviving the railway. A proposal to form a new light railway to take over and operate the Mawddwy Railway. In 1910 a Light Railway Order was granted, permitting the railway company to construct a "new" light railway on the disused trackbed. Reconstruction commenced immediately under the direction of G.C. MacDonald, the Engineer of the Cambrian Railways. The track was relaid in heavy rail and several bridges were rebuilt or strengthened. On 29 July 1911 the railway reopened under the chairmanship of David Davies, with trains operated by Cambrian Railways.[6]

The advent of World War I dealt a significant blow to the railway. Several local slate quarries closed and tourist traffic fell considerably, although timber and munitions traffic for the war effort offset this somewhat. After the war ended, the railway continued to struggle. In 1923 the Great Western Railway (GWR) took control of the Mawddwy Railway as part of the grouping of British railways. The GWR introduced buses to the Dyfi valley, many operated by its subsidiary the Corris Railway. These competed with the passenger services of the railway, leading to the end of passenger services at the end of 1930.[7]

Freight services continued through World War II, although the local slate industry continued to decline. The quarries served by the Hendre-Ddu Tramway closed in late 1939, though part of the tramway continued in use to bring timber from the forests west of Aberangell. After the war, the railway became part of British Railways at nationalisation. In September 1950 heavy flooding of the River Dyfi damaged the railway bridge north of Cemmaes Road station. The line was officially closed on 1 July 1952. The track was lifted early in 1952.[8]

Locomotives

Name Type Builder Works number Date built Cylinder size Wheel diameter Notes
Mawddwy 0-6-0 ST Manning Wardle 104 1864 12 in x 17 in 3 ft 0 in Delivered in 1865 to contractor R.S. Francis for use on construction of the Potteries, Shrewsbury and North Wales Railway. Sold to the Mawddwy Railway in late 1865. Rebuilt in 1893 and 1911. Transferred to the Van Railway after 1911, scrapped in 1940.[9]
Disraeli 0-6-0 ST Manning Wardle 268 1868 13 in x 18 in 3 ft 6 in Slightly larger locomotive than Mawddwy, scrapped in 1911.[9]

References

  1. ↑ Richards 1999
  2. ↑ Borrows 1854
  3. ↑ Cozens 2004, page 7
  4. ↑ Cozens 2004, pages 15-19
  5. ↑ Cozens 2004, page 19
  6. ↑ Cozens 2004, pages 23-35
  7. ↑ Cozens 2004, page 36-43
  8. ↑ Cozens 2004, page 44-47
  9. 1 2 Cozens 2004, page 51

Bibliography

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