Manchuria Airplane Manufacturing Company

The Ki-27 and its derivates were the most commonly produced aircraft by Manshū

The Manchuria Airplane Manufacturing Company^[1] (traditional:滿洲國飛行機製造株式會社; simplified: 満州国飛行機製造株式会社 Japanese Hepburn: Manshū Koku Hikōki Seizō Kabushiki Kaisha; Chinese pinyin: Mǎnzhōu Guó Fēixíngjī Zhìzào Zhūshì Huìshè) was an aircraft company in Manchukuo in the 1930s and 1940s, producing a variety of mostly military aircraft and aircraft components. It was named Manshū or Mansyû in short.

History

The Manchuria Airplane Manufacturing Company was established in late 1938 under the supervision of the Japanese government^[2] as a subsidiary of the Nakajima Aircraft Company of Japan. Its main plant was located in Harbin, Manchukuo.

From 1941 to 1945, Manshū produced a total of 2,196 airframes (eighth among Japanese airframe manufacturers),^[3] of which 798 were combat aircraft. The company also produced 2,168 aircraft engines (sixth among Japanese aircraft engine manufacturers).^[4] In addition, Manshū provided repair services for a variety of aircraft in the Manchukuo Air Force and for Imperial Japanese Army Air Force units stationed in Manchukuo.

The Red Army confiscated the company's factory and equipment in 1945 at the end of World War II, and the Soviets took much of its equipment back to the Soviet Union as war reparations. Harbin Aircraft Manufacturing Corporation, one of the major aircraft producers in the People's Republic of China, redeveloped the site.

Licensed production

Manshū produced a variety of Japanese aircraft under license production agreements:

Kawasaki Ki-10 (World War II Allied reporting name "Perry") fighter
Kawasaki Ki-32 (Allied reporting name "Mary") light bomber
Kawasaki Ki-45 Toryu (Allied reporting name "Nick") twin-engined fighter
Kawasaki Ki-61 Hien (Allied reporting name "Tony") fighter
Kawasaki Type 88 (KDA-2) light bomber and reconnaissance aircraft
Mitsubishi Ki-15 (Allied reporting name "Babs") reconnaissance aircraft
Mitsubishi Ki-30 (Allied reporting name "Ann") light bomber
Mitsubishi Ki-46 (Allied reporting name "Dinah") reconnaissance aircraft
Manshū Super Universal (license built Fokker Super Universal)
Nakajima Ki-27 (Allied reporting name "Nate") light fighter (1,379 units)
Nakajima Ki-34 (Allied reporting name "Thora") transport
Nakajima Ki-43Ia Hayabusa (Allied reporting name "Oscar") fighter
Nakajima Ki-44Ia Shoki (Allied reporting name "Tojo") fighter
Nakajima Ki-84 Hayate (Allied reporting name "Frank") advanced fighter (94 units)
Nakajima Ki-116 advanced fighter, also known as Manshū Ki-116
Nakajima Type 91 (NC) fighter
Tachikawa Ki-9 (Allied reporting name "Spruce") intermediate trainer
Tachikawa Ki-54 (Allied reporting name "Hickory") advanced trainer
Tachikawa Ki-55 (Allied reporting name "Ida") advanced trainer

Independent designs

Manshū also developed a number of aircraft independently:

Manshū Hayabusa I, II, and III airliner (30 units)
Manshū Ki-79 advanced trainer
Manshū Ki-71 dive bomber prototype (Allied reporting name "Edna")
Manshū Ki-98 advanced twin-boom high-altitude interceptor project

Among the Manshū independent designs, however, only the Ki-79 advanced trainer reached mass production, as the Army Type 2 Advanced Trainer.^[5]

References

Notes

↑ Togo Sheba (Hrsg.): The Manchoukou Year Book 1941. The Manchoukou Year Book Co., Hsinking 1941, S. 556
↑ Francillon, p. 22.
↑ Francillon, p. 22.
↑ Francillon, p. 22.
↑ Francillon, p. 486.

Bibliography

Francillon, Rene (1979). Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-313-X.
Gunston, Bill (1999). Illustrated Directory of Fighting Aircraft of World War II. Zenith Press. ISBN 0-7603-0722-9.

External links

Pacific War Online Encyclopedia

Aircraft produced by Mansyû (Manshū)

Imperial Japanese Army designations	Ki-71 Ki-79 Ki-98 Ki-116

Civil aircraft	Hayabusa

Imperial Japanese Army Air Service aircraft designations

1-50	Ki-1 Ki-2 Ki-3 Ki-4 Ki-5 Ki-6 Ki-7 Ki-8 Ki-9 Ki-10 Ki-11 Ki-12 Ki-13 Ki-14 Ki-15 Ki-16 Ki-17 Ki-18 Ki-19 Ki-20 Ki-21 Ki-22 Ki-23 Ki-24 Ki-25 Ki-26 Ki-27 Ki-28 Ki-29 Ki-30 Ki-31 Ki-32 Ki-33 Ki-34 Ki-35 Ki-36 Ki-37 Ki-38 Ki-39 Ki-40 Ki-41 Ki-42 Ki-43 Ki-44 Ki-45 Ki-46 Ki-47 Ki-48 Ki-49 Ki-50

51-100	Ki-51 Ki-52 Ki-53 Ki-54 Ki-55 Ki-56 Ki-57 Ki-58 Ki-59 Ki-60 Ki-61 Ki-62 Ki-63 Ki-64 Ki-66 Ki-67 Ki-68 Ki-69 Ki-70 Ki-71 Ki-72 Ki-73 Ki-74 Ki-75 Ki-76 Ki-77 Ki-78 Ki-79 Ki-80 Ki-81 Ki-82 Ki-83 Ki-84 Ki-85 Ki-86 Ki-87 Ki-88 Ki-89 Ki-90 Ki-91 Ki-92 Ki-93 Ki-94 Ki-95 Ki-96 Ki-97 Ki-98 Ki-99 Ki-100

100-	Ki-101 Ki-102 Ki-103 Ki-105 Ki-106 Ki-107 Ki-108 Ki-109 Ki-110 Ki-111 Ki-112 Ki-113 Ki-114 Ki-115 Ki-116 Ki-117 Ki-118 Ki-119 Ki-148 Ki-167 Ki-174 Ki-200 Ki-201 Ki-202 Ki-230

World War II Allied reporting names for Japanese aircraft

Aircraft in Japanese service	Abdul Alf Ann Babs Baka Belle Betty Bob Buzzard Cedar Cherry Clara Claude Cypress Dave Dick Dinah Dot Edna Emily Eva Eve Frances Frank Gander George Glen Goose Grace Gwen Hamp Hank Hap Helen Hickory Ida (Tachikawa Ki-36) Ida (Tachikawa Ki-55) Irving Jack Jake Jane Jean Jerry Jill Jim Judy Kate Kate 61 Laura Lily Liz Lorna Loise Louise Luke Mabel Mary Mavis Myrt Nate Nell Nick Norm Oak Oscar Pat Patsy Paul Peggy Perry Pete Pine Rex Rita Rob Rufe Ruth Sally Sally III Sam Sandy Slim Sonia Spruce Stella Steve Susie Tabby Tess Thalia Thelma Theresa Thora Tina Tillie Toby Tojo Tony Topsy Val Willow Zeke Zeke 32

Nonexistent aircraft thought to be in Japanese service	Adam Ben Doris Gus Harry Ione Joe Joyce Julia June Norma Omar Ray

Foreign aircraft erroneously thought to be in Japanese service	Bess (Heinkel He 111) Doc (Messerschmitt Bf 110) Fred (Focke Wulf Fw 190A-5) Irene (Junkers Ju 87A) Janice (Junkers Ju 88A-5) Mike (Messerschmitt Bf 109E) Millie (Vultee V-11GB) Trixie (Junkers Ju 52/3m) Trudy (Focke Wulf Fw 200 Kondor)

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