Maltase

Not to be confused with Maltese.
Alpha-glucosidase
Identifiers
EC number 3.2.1.20
CAS number 9001-42-7
Databases
IntEnz IntEnz view
BRENDA BRENDA entry
ExPASy NiceZyme view
KEGG KEGG entry
MetaCyc metabolic pathway
PRIAM profile
PDB structures RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum
Maltose

Maltase (EC 3.2.1.20, alpha-glucosidase, glucoinvertase, glucosidosucrase, maltase-glucoamylase, alpha-glucopyranosidase, glucosidoinvertase, alpha-D-glucosidase, alpha-glucoside hydrolase, alpha-1,4-glucosidase, alpha-D-glucoside glucohydrolase) is an enzyme located in on the brush border of the small intestine that breaks down the disaccharide maltose.[1][2][3][4][5][6] Maltase catalyzes the hydrolysis of maltose to the simple sugar glucose. This enzyme is found in plants, bacteria, and yeast. Acid maltase deficiency is categorized into three separate types based on the age of onset of symptoms in the affected individual.

In most cases, it is equivalent to alpha-glucosidase, but the term "maltase" emphasizes the disaccharide nature of the substrate from which glucose is cleaved, and "alpha-glucosidase" emphasizes the bond, whether the substrate is a disaccharide or polysaccharide .

In humans, maltase will break down the alpha form of the maltose.

Vampire bats are the only vertebrates known to not exhibit intestinal maltase activity. [7]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Maltase - Definition from the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary". Retrieved 2009-04-06.
  2. ↑ Bruni, C.B.; Sica, V.; Auricchio, F.; Covelli, I. (1970). "Further kinetic and structural characterization of the lysosomal α-D-glucoside glucohydrolase from cattle liver". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 212 (3): 470–477. doi:10.1016/0005-2744(70)90253-6. PMID 5466143.
  3. ↑ Flanagan, P.R.; Forstner, G.G. (1978). "Purification of rat intestinal maltase/glucoamylase and its anomalous dissociation either by heat or by low pH". Biochem. J. 173 (2): 553–563. PMID 29602.
  4. ↑ Larner, J. (1960). "Other glucosidases". In Boyer, P.D.; Lardy, H.; Myrbäck, K. The Enzymes. 4 (2nd ed.). New York: Academic Press. pp. 369–378.
  5. ↑ Sivikami, S.; Radhakrishnan, A.N. (1973). "Purification of rabbit intestinal glucoamylase by affinity chromatography on Sephadex G-200". Indian J. Biochem. Biophys. 10 (4): 283–284. PMID 4792946.
  6. ↑ Sørensen, S.H.; Norén, O.; Sjöström, H.; Danielsen, E.M. (1982). "Amphiphilic pig intestinal microvillus maltase/glucoamylase. Structure and specificity". Eur. J. Biochem. 126: 559–568. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1982.tb06817.x. PMID 6814909.
  7. ↑ Jorge E. Schondube; L. Gerardo Herrera-M.; Carlos Martínez del Rio (2001). "Diet and the evolution of digestion and renal function in phyllostomid bats" (PDF). Zoology. 104: 59–73. doi:10.1078/0944-2006-00007.
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