Llygadwy

Coordinates: 51°53′03″N 3°14′02″W / 51.884121°N 3.234015°W / 51.884121; -3.234015 Llygadwy is a locality near the village of Bwlch in the county of Powys in southeast Wales. The usual meaning of llygad in Welsh is 'eye' but it can signify a spring e.g. Llygad Llwchwr. The name therefore signifies the source of a stream known traditionally as 'Yw' though which is nowadays known as Ewyn Brook[1] and which flows through a wide, though short, vale known traditionally as Ystradyw. The modern spelling appears to be a corruption of an earlier form Llygadyw.[2] The spring arises where a band of non-marine limestone known as a calcrete outcrops within countryside otherwise dominated by sandstone rocks of the Old Red Sandstone.

Time Team excavation

One (or more) people appear at some time to have salted the surroundings of a spring with archaeological relics for reasons that can only be a matter of speculation. In 2001, the popular UK archaeological television programme Time Team examined the site quite extensively. After some debate and the discovery of a number of artefacts, the fake nature of the site was soon demonstrated. Most notably, an aerial photo from 1972 without the spring, a statue of Hercules that was inscribed after aging, and barbed wire from 1992. [3]

The site contains a manufactured spring to which artefacts of a range of ages - Bronze Age to Georgian - have been added to give it the semblance of being an important ritual centre. However one artefact in particular showed two important points of data : that the person (or persons) doing the "salting" did not understand stratigraphy, and that the "salting" took place after the mid-1980s. This artefact was a sword made either in Britain or the Continent sometime during the 2nd or 1st centuries BCE. A. P. Fitzpatrick wrote that it "was found to be securely stratified over a piece of barbed wire that was still attached to the fence post." The barbed wire itself might have been manufactured during the late 1990s, certainly after around 1980.[4]

What the purpose of the "salting" was remains obscure, but it may have been inspired by the construction of outbuildings "in the style of" ancient religious centres by a mid-19th century owner of the site. Again, the programme shows how this builder made errors in his construction which show that the building could not have been intended to be used for its apparent purpose. Whether this was a deliberate attempt to deceive, or a sort of homage by a person of antiquarian interests is obscure, and unlikely to be answered. However, the scale of the construction would have been difficult to conceal, so an innocent explanation is most plausible.

Many of the artefacts used for this were genuine, which means that they were removed from their original context (at sites as far afield as Switzerland), thus losing most of their archaeological information. Further, since the artefacts had not been recorded into the archaeological record previously, their presence on this site attests to significant plundering of unknown sites to feed a market for illicit archaeological artefacts.

References

  1. ↑ Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 scale Explorer map OL13 Brecon Beacons National Park: eastern area
  2. ↑ Cassini Historical map facsimile sheet 161 of Ordnance Survey Old Series mapping 1830-33
  3. ↑ "A Celtic Spring Llygadwy". Time Team. Channel 4. 21 January 2001. Retrieved 9 April 2011.
  4. ↑ Fitzpatrick, A. P. (2007). "A Real Relic From a Sham Site: An Iron Age Sword 'Found' At Llygadwy, Powys, Wales". STUDIA CELTICA. XLI: 20–30.

External links

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