This is a list of wettest tropical cyclones by country, using all known available sources. Data is most complete for Australia, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Japan, Hong Kong, Mexico, Taiwan, Yap, Chuuk, and the United States, with fragmentary data available for other countries. The French region of Réunion holds several world records for tropical cyclone and worldwide rainfall, due to the rough topography and its proximity to the Indian ocean.[1]
![](../I/m/Global_tropical_cyclone_tracks-edit2.jpg)
A map of all tropical cyclone tracks, encompassing the period between the years 1985 and 2005.
Below are the records for each country above.
Antigua and Barbuda
![](../I/m/Earl_aug_30_2010.jpg)
Hurricane Earl (2010)
Wettest tropical cyclones and their remnants in Antigua and Barbuda
Highest-known totals
Precipitation |
Storm |
Location |
Ref. |
Rank |
mm |
in |
1 | 465.3 |
18.32 | Lenny 1999 | V. C. Bird International Airport | [2] |
2 | 252.5 |
9.94 | Luis 1995 | V. C. Bird International Airport | [3] |
3 | 245.8 |
9.68 | Frederic 1979 | V. C. Bird International Airport | [3] |
4 | 232.6 |
9.16 | Omar 2008 | V. C. Bird International Airport | [3] |
5 | 198.3 |
7.81 | Earl 2010 | V. C. Bird International Airport | [3] |
6 | 194.1 |
7.64 | Jose 1999 | V. C. Bird International Airport | [3] |
7 | 188.9 |
7.44 | Hugo 1989 | V. C. Bird International Airport | [3] |
8 | 163.6 |
6.44 | Daisy 1962 | V. C. Bird International Airport | [3] |
9 | 159.2 |
6.27 | Iris 1995 | V. C. Bird International Airport | [3] |
10 | 146.9 |
5.78 | Rafael 2012 | V. C. Bird International Airport | [3] |
Australia
![](../I/m/Fletcher_Feb_3_2014_0040Z.jpg)
Cyclone Fletcher
Christmas Island
![](../I/m/Gillian_Mar_22_2014_0310Z.jpg)
Cyclone Gillian
Christmas Island is an Australian territory located in the Indian Ocean located at the summit of a submarine mountain, which rises steeply to a central plateau that is dominated by stands of rainforest.[15] After rainfall and wind observations started on the island during 1972, only 13 tropical cyclones passed within 220 km (135 mi) of the territory between 1972 and 2005.[15]
Wettest tropical cyclones and their remnants on Christmas Island
Highest-known totals
Precipitation |
Storm |
Location |
Ref. |
Rank |
mm |
in |
1 | 181.0 |
7.13 | Gillian 2014 | Christmas Island Airport | [16] |
2 | 102.4 |
4.03 | Jacob 2007 | Christmas Island Airport | [17] |
3 | 65.0 |
2.56 | Cecily 1973 | | [18] |
4 | 52.8 |
2.08 | Rosie 2008 | Christmas Island Airport | [19] |
5 | 38 |
1.50 | Norah 1974 | | [20] |
6 | 17 |
0.67 | Denise 1975 | | [21] |
Cocos Islands
![](../I/m/11U_Feb_25_2013_0350Z.jpg)
Although Tropical Low 11U in 2013 remained more than
120 km (75 mi) away from the Cocos Islands, wind shear displaced convection westward and over the islands for several days, resulting in record breaking rainfall.
[22]
The Cocos (Keeling) Islands are an Australian territory of 27 coral islands that are formed into two large coral atolls and cover an area of around 36 km2 (14 sq mi) of the Indian Ocean to the northwest of Perth, Australia.[15] Rainfall observations started on the islands during 1907, while temperature, wind and other records started in 1952.[15] Between 1952 and 2005 27 tropical cyclones caused storm force wind gusts of over 90 km/h (55 mph) on the islands, while only four caused hurricane-force gusts of over 125 km/h (80 mph).[15]
Bahamas
![](../I/m/Noel_01_nov_2007_1815Z.jpg)
Tropical Storm Noel over the Bahamas
Bangladesh
![](../I/m/02B_2015-07-29_0500Z.jpg)
Cyclone Komen approaching Bangladesh on July 29, 2015
Bangladesh has been the scene of the greatest tropical cyclone casualties in recent times. The country is quite flat and generally lies near sea level.
Belize
This country has terrain mainly across its southern sections, with elevations up to about 3,700 feet (1,100 m).[48] The highest reported rainfall in what was formerly British Honduras occurred during Hurricane Keith in 2000 when 32.67 inches (830 mm) of rain fell in a 24‑hour period at Phillip Goodson International Airport in Belize City.[49] It should be noted that equally heavy rains could have fallen during Hurricane Hattie of 1961 and Hurricane Fifi of 1974.
![](../I/m/Hurricane_Keith_30_sept_2000_2227Z.jpg)
Hurricane Keith (2000)
Cambodia
![](../I/m/Typhoon_Linda_(1997).JPG)
Typhoon Linda (1997)
Wettest tropical cyclones and their remnants in Cambodia
Highest-known totals
Precipitation |
Storm |
Location |
Ref. |
Rank |
mm |
in |
1 | 404.1 |
15.91 | Linda 1997 | Kompot | [56] |
2 | 240.0 |
9.45 | Violet 1964 | Paksa | [57] |
3 | 30.5 |
1.20 | Faith 1998 | Kompong Cham | [58] |
Canada
![](../I/m/Harvey1999092306GOES8IR.jpg)
Extratropical cyclone Harvey near Nova Scotia
Tropical cyclones are usually in transition to extratropical cyclones by the time they reach Atlantic Canada, though occasionally they retain their tropical status. No tropical cyclone has ever hit Canada's Pacific coast.
China
China is a mountainous country, which leads to rapid dissipation of cyclones that move inland as well as significant amounts of rain from those dissipating cyclones. Typhoon Nina (1975) caused the collapse of two huge reservoirs and ten smaller dams when 1,062 millimetres (41.8 in) fell in Henan during a 24‑hour period, which is the record for Mainland China. Typhoon Sam of the 1999 Pacific typhoon season became the wettest known tropical cyclone to impact Hong Kong since records began in 1884, breaking a 73‑year‑old record.[69] Precipitation associated with tropical cyclones and their remains can bring snow to Tibet. An early October 2004 tropical depression brought daily precipitation of 6 centimetres (2.4 in) of liquid equivalent precipitation to Che-Ku county in the form of heavy snow, which was a new October daily precipitation record for both rain and snow. This led to a loss of 340,000 kg of food, 230,000 kg of forage grass, and 263 livestock in the snowstorm.[42]
![](../I/m/Soudelor_2015-08-08_0525Z.jpg)
Typhoon Soudelor/Hanna
Mainland
Hong Kong
![](../I/m/Typhoon_Sam_1999.jpg)
Typhoon Sam
Wettest tropical cyclones and their remnants Hong Kong
Highest-known totals
Precipitation |
Storm |
Location |
Ref. |
Rank |
mm |
in |
1 | 616.5 | 24.27 | Sam 1999 | Hong Kong Observatory | [78] |
2 | 597.0 | 23.50 | July 1926 Typhoon | Royal Observatory, Hong Kong | [78] |
3 | 562.0 | 22.13 | June 1916 Typhoon | Royal Observatory, Hong Kong | [78] |
4 | 530.7 | 20.89 | Agnes 1965 | Royal Observatory, Hong Kong | [78] |
5 | 519.0 | 20.43 | Agnes 1978 | Royal Observatory, Hong Kong | [78] |
6 | 516.1 | 20.32 | Ellen 1976 | Royal Observatory, Hong Kong | [78] |
7 | 497.5 | 19.59 | Dot 1993 | Royal Observatory, Hong Kong | [78] |
8 | 491.7 | 19.36 | Dot 1982 | Royal Observatory, Hong Kong | [78] |
9 | 480.9 | 18.93 | Helen 1995 | Royal Observatory, Hong Kong | [78] |
10 | 473.2 | 18.63 | August 1904 Typhoon | Royal Observatory, Hong Kong | [78] |
Taiwan/Taipei
![](../I/m/Typhoon_Morakot_Aug_7_2009.jpg)
Typhoon Morakot
Wettest tropical cyclones and their remnants in Taiwan
Highest-known totals
Precipitation |
Storm |
Location |
Ref. |
Rank |
mm |
in |
1 | 3,060 |
120.47 | Morakot 2009 | Alishan, Chiayi | [79] |
2 | 2,319 |
91.30 | Nari 2001 | Wulai, New Taipei | [80] |
3 | 2,162 |
85.12 | Flossie 1969 | Beitou, Taipei | [79] |
4 | 1,987 |
78.23 | Herb 1996 | Alishan, Chiayi | [81] |
5 | 1,774 |
69.84 | Saola 2012 | Yilan City | [82] |
6 | 1,700 |
66.93 | Lynn 1987 | Taipei | [83] |
7 | 1,672 |
65.83 | Clara 1967 | Dongshan, Yilan | [84] |
8 | 1,611 |
63.43 | Sinlaku 2008 | Heping, Taichung | [85] |
9 | 1,561 |
61.46 | Haitang 2005 | Sandimen, Pingtung | [86] |
10 | 1,546 |
60.87 | Aere 2004 | Miaoli County | [87] |
Costa Rica
![](../I/m/Hurricane_Cesar_28_july_1996_1217Z.jpg)
Hurricane Cesar
Wettest tropical cyclones and their remnants in Costa Rica
Highest-known totals
Precipitation |
Storm |
Location |
Ref. |
Rank |
mm |
in |
1 | 920.0 | 36.22 | Cesar 1996 | Alto de Tinamaste | [88] |
2 | 466.6 | 18.37 | Mitch 1998 | Jaco | [89] |
3 | 376.4 | 14.82 | Alma 2008 | Quepos | [90] |
4 | 331.5 | 13.05 | Gert 1993 | Unknown | [91] |
Cuba
Hurricane Flora of October 1963 drifted across Cuba for four days, leading to extreme rainfall across the mountainous island country. During the heaviest 24‑hour period of rainfall, 735 millimetres (28.9 in) of rain fell at Santiago de Cuba. Total amounts of 2,033 millimetres (80.0 in) over 4 days and 2,550 millimetres (100 in) over 5 days produced staggering loss of life in Cuba, where over 2000 perished.[92]
![](../I/m/Hurricane_Dennis_on_July_7_2005_1550_UTC.jpg)
Hurricane Dennis
Dominica
![](../I/m/Erika_2015-08-27_1725Z.jpg)
Erika near Dominica
The islands of the eastern Caribbean are constantly threatened by tropical storms and hurricanes, mainly between August and October. Dominica is a rugged island, with spots of elevation as high as nearly 4,750 feet (1,450 m).[93] As Hurricane Jeanne moved through the region, 422.3 millimetres (16.63 in) of rain fell during the 24‑hour period ending on the morning of September 15, 2004.[40]
Dominican Republic
![](../I/m/Noel_28_oct_2007_1530Z.jpg)
Noel near Dominican Republic
This country, taking up two-thirds of Hispaniola, has some of the highest terrain surrounding the Caribbean Sea, with Pico Duarte peaking at 10,700 feet (3,300 m) above sea level.[98] Most of the tropical cyclone rainfall totals on the list below are 24‑hour maxima, which likely underrepresent the storm total.
El Salvador
![](../I/m/Hurricane_Adrian_May_19_915.jpg)
Hurricane Adrian
Wettest tropical cyclones and their remnants in El Salvador
Highest-known totals
Precipitation |
Storm |
Location |
Ref. |
Rank |
mm |
in |
1 | 406.4 | 16.00 | Adrian 2005 | | [106] |
2 | >400 | 15.74 | Agatha 2010 | | [107] |
3 | 262.4 | 10.33 | Mitch 1998 | Acajutla/Sonsonate | [108] |
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk
Elevations of the islands surrounding Chuuk lagoon reach a height of about 1,450 feet (440 m).[109] Typhoon Chataan led to excessive rainfall on this island from June 23 – July 3, 2002, when a total of 939 mm (37.0 in) fell. During the time frame when Chataan was declared a tropical cyclone from July 1–3, 622 mm (24.5 in) fell, with 506 mm (19.9 in) falling on the 2nd alone at the international airport.[110]
![](../I/m/Typhoon_Chataan_07_july_2002_0150Z.jpg)
Typhoon Chataan
Kosrae
Wettest tropical cyclones and their remnants in Kosrae State
Highest-known totals
Precipitation |
Storm |
Location |
Ref. |
Rank |
mm |
in |
1 | 509.3 |
20.05 | Faxai 2001 | Kosrae | [33] |
2 | 434.1 |
17.09 | Phanfone 2002 | Kosrae | [33] |
Pohnpei State
The state is mountainous island lies in the tropical northwest Pacific Ocean.
Pohnpei State
Wettest tropical cyclones and their remnants in Pohnpei State
Highest-known totals
Precipitation |
Storm |
Location |
Ref. |
Rank |
mm |
in |
1 | 603 |
23.74 | Dolphin 2015 | Pohnpei | |
2 | 247 |
9.72 | Axel 1992 | | [112] |
3 | 118 |
4.65 | Haishen 2015 | Pohnpei | [113] |
Yap State
The wettest known tropical cyclone for the state was Ruby in 1982, which drifted in the island's vicinity for several days during its initial development phase.[114]
![](../I/m/Ruby1982062512GMS2IR.jpg)
Typhoon Ruby (1982)
Fiji
![](../I/m/Kina_Dec_30_1992_0438Z.png)
Cyclone Kina
Orography from the volcanic islands of Fiji has led to significant rainfall during tropical cyclone passages, which occur roughly once a year.
France
French Polynesia
![](../I/m/Cyclone_Pam_near_its_peak_intensity.png)
Cyclone Pam
Guadeloupe
Hurricane Marilyn moved directly across the island in mid-September 1995,[130] bringing the highest known rainfall totals to the island from a tropical cyclone.
![](../I/m/Hurricane_Luis_03_sept_1995_1705Z.jpg)
Hurricane Luis
Martinique
Martinique is a mountainous island at the fringe of the eastern Caribbean Sea.
![](../I/m/Tropical_Storm_Dorothy_(1970).jpg)
Tropical Storm Dorothy (1970)
New Caledonia
![](../I/m/Anne_Jan_11_1988_0508Z.png)
Cyclone Anne
Réunion Island
![](../I/m/Hyacinthe_25_jan_1980_0326Z_N6.jpg)
Cyclone Hyacinthe.
The mountainous island of Réunion has experienced several of the highest rainfall totals on record from tropical cyclones and holds the rainfall world records for 12, 24, 48, 72 hours, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine and ten days as a result.[146][147][148] The 12 and 24 hourly rainfall records were set at Foc-Foc by Cyclone Denise in 1966, while an Unnamed Tropical Cyclone between April 8–10, 1958 set the record for 48 hours at Aurere. Tropical Cyclone Gamede between February 24–28, 2007 came close to beating the records for 12, 24 and 48 hours before setting the records for three, four, five, six, seven, eight and nine days that were held by Tropical Cyclone Hyacinthe 1980.[147][148] Hyacinthe 1980 currently holds the world records for ten and fifteen days with rainfall totals of 5,678 millimetres (223.5 in) and 6,083 millimetres (239.5 in) respectively recorded at Commerson Crater.[148][149]
Wettest tropical cyclones and their remnants on Reunion island
Highest-known totals
Precipitation |
Storm |
Location |
Ref. |
Rank |
mm |
in |
1 | 6,433 |
253.27 | Hyacinthe 1980 | Commerson | [148] |
2 | 5,512 |
217.01 | Gamede 2007 | Commerson | [147] |
3 | 2,958 |
116.46 | Diwa 2006 | Grand-Ilet | [147] |
4 | 1,825 |
71.85 | Denise 1966 | Foc-Foc | [148] |
5 | 1,360 |
53.54 | Dina 2002 | Bellecombe | [150] |
6 | 1,196 |
47.09 | Gael 2009 | Commerson | [151] |
7 | 1,196 |
47.09 | Florine 1981 | Foc-Foc | [152] |
8 | 1,025 |
40.35 | Bejisa 2013 | Cilaos | [153] |
9 | 1,000 |
39.37 | Gretelle 1997 | Commerson | [154] |
10 | 875 |
34.45 | Fame 2008 | Grand-Ilet | [155] |
Saint Martin
![](../I/m/Hurricane_Lenny_17_nov_1999_2004Z.jpg)
Hurricane Lenny
Wallis and Futuna
![](../I/m/Fran_Mar_9_1992_0330Z.jpg)
Cyclone Fran
Wettest tropical cyclones and their remnants in Wallis and Futuna
Highest-known totals
Precipitation |
Storm |
Location |
Ref. |
Rank |
mm |
in |
1 | 674.9 |
26.57 | Raja 1986 | Maopoopo, Futuna Island | [160] |
2 | 556.7 |
21.92 | Fran 1992 | Hihifo, Wallis Island | [160] |
3 | 291.2 |
11.46 | Val 1975 | Hihifo, Wallis Island | [160] |
4 | 220.6 |
8.69 | Hina 1997 | Maopoopo, Futuna Island | [160] |
5 | 186.0 |
7.32 | Evan 2012 | Futuna Island | [161] |
6 | 180.0 |
7.09 | Val 1980 | Maopoopo, Futuna Island | [160] |
7 | 171.6 |
6.76 | Keli 1997 | Hihifo, Wallis Island | [160] |
8 | 160.8 |
6.33 | Unnamed 1966 | Malaetoli, Wallis Island | [160] |
9 | 160.0 |
6.30 | Amos 2016 | Hihifo, Wallis Island | [162] |
10 | 119.0 |
4.69 | Waka 2001 | Hihifo, Wallis Island | [160] |
Great Britain
Anguilla
![](../I/m/Hurricane_Jose_(1999).JPG)
Hurricane Jose (1999)
Bermuda
Bermuda has not historically received overwhelming rains out of tropical cyclones. This could be because of the rapid pace storms usually pass the island and the lack of mountains on the island.
![](../I/m/TS_Cristobal_08_aug_2002_1302Z.jpg)
Tropical Storm Cristobal
Cayman Islands
![](../I/m/Alberto_Jun_10_2006_1840Z.jpg)
Tropical Storm Alberto
Guatemala
Tropical Storm Agatha in May 2010 became the second-wettest tropical cyclone in the nation's history when it slowly developed while remaining nearly stationary to the southwest of Guatemala, before turning northeast and dissipating across inland Central America.[175]
![](../I/m/Agatha_29_May_2010.jpg)
Tropical Storm Agatha (2010)
Haiti
The mountainous country of Haiti has experienced some of the most powerful hurricanes on record, including Hurricane David. Its three mountain ranges have peaks as high as 8793 feet/2680 meters above sea level.[181]
![](../I/m/Gordon1994111400GOE7IR.jpg)
Gordon dropping heavy rainfall on Haiti along its frontal-like band
Honduras
![](../I/m/Hurricane_Beta_29_oct_2005_1840Z.jpg)
Hurricane Beta
Swan Island
![](../I/m/Hurricane_Alma.jpg)
Hurricane Alma (1966)
India
![](../I/m/06B_(Nisha)_26_November_2008_at_0525_UTC.jpg)
Cyclone Nisha
India can be struck by cyclones that form in the Bay of Bengal or the Arabian Sea.
Wettest tropical cyclones and their remnants in India
Highest-known totals
Precipitation |
Storm |
Location |
Ref. |
Rank |
mm |
in |
1 | 2,300 |
90.55 | 1968 Severe Cyclonic Storm | Pedong, West Bengal | [190] |
2 | 1,840 |
72.44 | Severe Cyclonic Storm ARB 01 (2004) | Aminidivi, Lakshadweep | [191] |
3 | 1,340 |
52.76 | Depression Six (1961) | Cherrapunji, Meghalaya | [192] |
4 | 1280 | 50.39 | Nisha (2008) | Orathanadu, Tamil Nadu | [193][194][195] |
5 | 1171 | 46.10 | Phyan (2009) | Kethi, Tamil Nadu | [196] |
6 | 1030 | 40.55 | Ogni (2006) | Avanigadda, Andhra Pradesh | [197] |
7 | 953 | 37.52 | 1943 Severe Cyclonic Storm | Cuddalore, Tamil Nadu | [198] |
8 | 910 | 35.83 | Deep Depression Four (1963) | Cherrapunji, Meghalaya | [199] |
9 | 810 | 31.89 | Cyclone 12 (1959) | Bano | [200] |
10 | 800 | 31.50 | Cyclone 5 (1968) | Harnai | [200] |
Indonesia
![](../I/m/STC_Inigo_05_apr_2003_0625Z.jpg)
Cyclone Inigo
The precursor tropical disturbance of Tropical Cyclone Inigo in April 2003 dropped heavy rainfall in eastern Indonesia. The rainfall caused flash flooding and mudslides, primarily in Flores but also on West Timor[201] and Sumba.[202] In some locations, the depth of the floodwaters reached 5 metres (16 ft). The Oessao River in West Timor exceeded its banks, which flooded seven villages. In Kupang in West Timor, the system destroyed hundreds of homes and large fields of corn, bean, and rice crop. Heavy damage was reported near Ende, where flooding and mudslides destroyed 20 houses and destroyed the roads connecting to East Flores. The city airport was flooded with one meter (3 ft) of water, preventing aerial transportation and which left the city temporarily isolated. In East Flores Regency in eastern Flores Island, the system left 75 destroyed houses, along with 77 severely damaged and a further 56 receiving light damage.[201]
Wettest tropical cyclones and their remnants in Indonesia
Highest-known totals
Precipitation |
Storm |
Location |
Ref. |
Rank |
mm |
in |
1 | 223 | 8.78 | Inigo 2003 | Larantuka, Flores | [203] |
Iran
![](../I/m/TC_Gonu_05_June_07_0635Z.jpg)
Cyclone Gonu
Wettest tropical cyclones and their remnants in Iran
Highest-known totals
Precipitation |
Storm |
Location |
Ref. |
Rank |
mm |
in |
1 | 74 mm | 2.91 inches | Gonu 2007 | Chabahar | [204] |
Jamaica
![](../I/m/Hurricane_Michelle_2001.jpg)
Hurricane Michelle
This mountainous island country of Jamaica can get lashed with rainfall by slow-moving tropical cyclones in the western Caribbean Sea. Its interior, the Blue Mountains, reach a height of 7,400 feet (2,300 m) above sea level.[205]
Japan
![](../I/m/Talas_Terra_MODIS_picture_2011-09-02_(High_Definition).jpg)
Severe Tropical Storm Talas approaching Japan on September 2, 2011
The mountainous island archipelago is constantly struck by typhoons recurving out of the tropics, which are normally in extratropical transition as they pass through Japan. Typhoon Namtheun of the 2004 Pacific typhoon season holds the national 24-hour precipitation record with 1,317 millimetres (51.9 in) observed in Kisawa village,[213] surpassing the previous record of 1,140 mm (45 in) set during Typhoon Fran in 1976.[214]
Okinawa
![](../I/m/Bolaven_Aug_26_2012.jpg)
Typhoon Bolaven near Okinawa on August 26, 2012
Ryukyu Islands
Typhoon Rusa caused 409 millimetres (16.1 in) of rain to fall at Naze on August 29–30, 2002.[226] Typhoon Aere dropped 314.5 millimetres (12.38 in) of rain in the 65‑hour period ending at 1400 UTC on August 25, 2004 at Ishigakihima.[73] Typhoon Agnes in August 1957 dropped 586.2 millimetres (23.08 in) of rainfall on Marcus Island.[33] In 1972, Typhoon Rita dumped 31.87 in (809 mm) on Okinoerabu Shima.[229]
Johnston Atoll
Tropical cyclones occasionally threaten this central Pacific island. Hurricane Celeste of 1972 brought 6.21 inches (158 mm) to the isle around August 19.[230]
Korea
The Korean Peninsula experiences typhoons regularly. Tropical cyclones which impact southern China also lead to, on average, five heavy rainfall events per year across the Korean peninsula.[231]
North Korea
Very heavy rains fell across Tongchon and Kosong counties during Typhoon Rusa in 2002, where up to 510 millimetres (20 in) of precipitation fell in a 5- to 10-hour period.[226]
South Korea
![](../I/m/Nakri_Aug_03_2014_0220Z.jpg)
Severe Tropical Storm Nakri
Madagascar
![](../I/m/Kesiny_May_9_2002_0715Z.jpg)
Cyclone Kesiny
The north end of the island, known as the Tsaratanana Massif region, contains terrain with elevations up to 9417 feet/2880 meters.[241]
Malaysia
![](../I/m/03W_Jelawat_28_jun_2006_0030Z.jpg)
Tropical Storm Jelawat/Domeng
Wettest tropical cyclones and their remnants in Malaysia
Highest-known totals
Precipitation |
Storm |
Location |
Ref. |
Rank |
mm |
in |
1 | 220 | 8.66 | Jelawat/Domeng 2006 | Kampung | [250] |
Mauritius
![](../I/m/TC_Dina_23_jan_2002_0640Z.jpg)
Cyclone Dina (2002)
Marshall Islands
Wettest tropical cyclones and their remnants
in the Marshall Islands
Highest-known totals
Precipitation |
Storm |
Location |
Ref. |
Rank |
mm |
in |
1 | 271 |
10.65 | Bavi 2015 | Kwajalein Atoll | [255] |
|
Mexico
Hurricane Wilma of 2005 drifted over the northeast portion of the Yucatán peninsula for a couple of days, dropping significant rains. A report of 1,576 millimetres (62.0 in) was reported by the Servicio Meteorológico Nacional in Mexico,[256] which is the wettest known 24-hour rainfall amount ever measured in Mexico. Second on the list is from Tropical Storm Frances in 1998, which accumulated up to 1,019 millimetres (40.1 in) of rain at Independencia in southern Chiapas.[257] Below is a list of the highest known storm total rainfall amounts from individual tropical cyclones across Mexico. Most of the rainfall information was provided by the Mexico's National Weather Service, Servicio Meteorológico Nacional, which is a part of the National Water Commission, Comisión Nacional del Agua.
![](../I/m/Hurricane_Wilma_21_oct_2005_1625Z.jpg)
Hurricane Wilma
Mozambique
![](../I/m/Cyclone_Leon-Eline_22_feb_2000_0411Z.jpg)
Tropical Cyclone Eline
The elevation of the country increases to the west, with mountains on its highest plateau reaching nearly 8,000 feet (2,400 m).[268]
Myanmar
![](../I/m/Cyclone_Nargis_landfall.jpg)
Cyclone Nargis near landfall
Nepal
Some of the highest elevations on the planet lie in Nepal. Eight out of fourteen highest peaks in the world lie in the Nepalese Himalaya including the highest peak of the World, Mt. Everest (8848 m).[275] During a tropical depression that affected the Indian Subcontinent in 2004, 51.3 millimetres (2.02 in) of rain fell at Kathmandu airport in the 24‑hour period ending at 1200 UTC on October 7.[42]
Netherlands Antilles
Saba
Wettest tropical cyclones and their remnants on Saba
Highest-known totals
Precipitation |
Storm |
Location |
Ref. |
Rank |
mm |
in |
1 | 286.3 mm | 11.27 inches | Alice (1954) | | [164] |
St. Eustatius
Wettest tropical cyclones and their remnants on St. Eustatius
Highest-known totals
Precipitation |
Storm |
Location |
Ref. |
Rank |
mm |
in |
1 | 203.2 mm | 8.00 inches | Alice (1954) | | [164] |
Saint Martin/Sint Maarten
This hilly island is partially owned by France and partially claimed by the Netherlands.
![](../I/m/Lenny1999ir.jpg)
Hurricane Lenny
New Zealand
![](../I/m/Wilma_2011-01-26_0145Z.jpg)
Cyclone Wilma (2011)
Most tropical cyclones which pass near New Zealand are in extratropical transition (ET) or have become extratropical, which can enhance their heavy rainfall threat.
Nicaragua
![](../I/m/TRCmitch299H_G8.jpg)
Hurricane Mitch
Niue
![](../I/m/Tropical_Cyclone_Heta_2004.jpg)
Cyclone Heta
During the passage of Tropical Cyclone Heta in January 2004, the Niue Meteorological Station reported a record 24-hour rainfall of 999.2 millimetres (39.34 in).[297]
Wettest tropical cyclones and their remnants on Niue
Highest-known totals
Precipitation |
Storm |
Location |
Ref. |
Rank |
mm |
in |
1 | 999.2 mm |
39.34 in | Heta 2004 | Niue Meteorological Station | [297] |
Oman
Pakistan
![](../I/m/Phet_jun_6_2010.jpg)
Cyclone Phet, a cyclone making landfall in Pakistan in June 2010 as a deep depression
Tropical cyclones for the Arabian Sea usually affect Pakistan. Tropical cyclones from the Bay of Bengal can affect Pakistan, though they usually weaken by the time they reach the Pakistani coastline.[303]
Palau
![](../I/m/Typhoon_Mike_11_nov_1990_2221Z.jpg)
Typhoon Mike
Palau consists of a string of islands that is rugged and surrounds a lagoon. Elevations up to 2,060 feet (630 m) exist within the island group.[316]
Panama
Inflow to the south of Hurricane Mitch brought impressive rainfalls to the Panama. Veledero de Tole recorded 695 millimetres (27.4 in) of rainfall between October 22 and 31, 1998.
Philippines
![](../I/m/Parma_oct_5_2009.jpg)
Typhoon Parma/Pepeng
This Philippines island archipelago is fairly mountainous, with the highest terrain found in Luzon.
Samoa
Wettest tropical cyclones and their remnants in Samoa
Highest-known totals
Precipitation |
Storm |
Location |
Ref. |
Rank |
mm |
in |
1 | 508.2 |
20.01 | Tuni, 2015 | Afimalu | [328] |
2 | 470.5 |
18.52 | Ula, 2016 | Afimalu | [328] |
3 | 404.0 |
15.91 | Evan, 2012 | Alaoa, Upolu | [329] |
4 | 382.4 |
15.06 | Amos, 2016 | Afimalu | [328] |
5 | 190.0 |
7.480 | 01F 2014 | Salani | [328] |
6 | 171.8 |
6.764 | 05F 2014 | Salani | [328] |
7 | 170.6 |
6.717 | 08F, 2015 | Letui | [328] |
8 | 124.4 |
4.898 | Victor, 2016 | Afimalu | [328] |
Singapore
Typhoon Vamei of December 20, 2001 was the only known storm to ever hit the island state. It dropped 165.1 millimetres (6.50 in) of rainfall.
Solomon Islands
![](../I/m/Ita_Apr_6_2014_2355Z.jpg)
Cyclone Ita
South Africa
Tropical Cyclone Eline in February 2000 dropped significant rains on portions of South Africa. The highest amount noted was 480 mm (19 in) at Thohoyandou.[335]
Spain
The only tropical cyclone to reach mainland Europe was 2005's Hurricane Vince. It dropped 3.3 inches (84 mm) of rain on the plain near Cordoba.[336]
Sri Lanka
A tropical depression in early October 2004 led to heavy rains across Sri Lanka. The maximum was measured at Galle where 117.2 mm (4.61 in) fell in the 24‑hour period ending at 0600 UTC on the 2nd.[42]
St. Brandon, South Indian Ocean
Tropical Cyclone Darius of New Year's Eve/Day of 2003/2004 passed about 45 miles (72 km) west-northwest of the island. Rainfall over the 24‑hour period of closest approach was 135 mm (5.3 in).[337]
St. Kitts and Nevis
Wettest tropical cyclones and their remnants in Saint Kitts and Nevis
Highest-known totals
Precipitation |
Storm |
Location |
Ref. |
Rank |
mm |
in |
1 | 153.7 |
6.05 | Alice (1954) | | [164] |
Thailand
![](../I/m/Zeke_jul_9_1991_0552Z.jpg)
Typhoon Zeke (1991)
Tropical cyclones occasionally cross the Malay Peninsula from the northwest Pacific into the Bay of Bengal.
Tonga
![](../I/m/Cyclone_Waka_2001_near_peak_intensity.jpg)
Cyclone Waka (2001)
Wettest tropical cyclones and their remnants in Tonga
Highest-known totals
Precipitation |
Storm |
Location |
Ref. |
Rank |
mm |
in |
1 | 200.0 | 7.87 | Waka 2001 | | |
2 | 153.0 | 6.02 | Lin 2009 | Niuafo'ou | [340] |
3 | 152.2 | 6.00 | Mick 2010 | Fua'amotu | |
4 | 149.0 | 5.87 | Rene 2011 | Fua'amotu | |
5 | 120.0 | 4.72 | Isaac 1982 | Nuku‘alofa | [341] |
5 | 120.0 | 4.72 | Jasmine 2012 | Tongatapu | [342] |
6 | 97.7 | 3.85 | Vaianu 2006 | Fuaʻamotu | [343] |
7 | 44.8 | 1.76 | Cyril 2011 | Vava'u | [344] |
8 | 37.5 | 1.48 | Wilma 2010 | Fua'amotu | [345] |
9 | 35.9 | 1.41 | Cliff 2007 | Fua'amotu | [346] |
United States
Vanuatu
![](../I/m/Vania_13_January_2011.jpg)
Cyclone Vania (2011)
Venezuela
A few tropical cyclones have skimmed the northern coast of South America over recent decades. Tropical Storm Bret (1993) dropped 339 millimetres (13.3 in) of rain in ten hours at Guanare, Portuguesa, Venezuela.[355]
Vietnam
![](../I/m/Ketsana_2009%2C_Hue%2C_Vietnam_6.JPG)
Flooding in Hue, Vietnam triggered by Typhoon Ketsana in 2009
See also
References
- ↑ http://www.imd.gov.in/doc/988_en-2.final.pdf
- 1 2 3 Guiney, John L (December 9, 1999). Preliminary Report: Hurricane Lenny November 13 - 23, 1999 (PDF) (Report). United States National Hurricane Center. Retrieved April 25, 2016.
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- 1 2 "Climate Education: Flood". Australian Bureau of Meteorology. Archived from the original on 17 March 2009. Retrieved January 18, 2011.
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- ↑ "Tropical Cyclone Ellie". Australian Bureau of Meteorology. 2009. Retrieved 27 January 2013.
- ↑ Brian Williams and Peter Michael (24 January 2013). "Ex-cyclone Oswald heads south with heavy rain tipped for long weekend". Australian Associated Press. The Courier Mail. Retrieved 24 January 2013.
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- ↑ Courtney, Joe (August 28, 2008). Tropical Cyclone Rosie, April 20–24, 2008 (PDF) (Report). Australian Bureau of Meteorology's Perth Tropical Cyclone Warning Centre. Archived from the original on August 3, 2014. Retrieved April 9, 2014.
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- ↑ Tropical Cyclone Deidre 20 – 25 December 1973 (PDF) (Report). Australian Bureau of Meteorology. p. 2. Archived from the original on August 10, 2014. Retrieved August 10, 2014.
- ↑ Western Australian Regional Office (2013). Severe Tropical Cyclone Bruce (Report). Australian Bureau of Meteorology. Archived from the original on January 11, 2015. Retrieved January 11, 2015.
- ↑ "Cocos Island: December 2013 Daily Weather Observations". Australian Bureau of Meteorology. January 1, 2014. Archived from the original on January 11, 2015. Retrieved January 11, 2015.
- ↑ Western Australian Regional Office (January 1, 2015). Severe Tropical Cyclone Kate (Report). Australian Bureau of Meteorology. Archived from the original on January 1, 2015. Retrieved January 1, 2015.
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- ↑ Tropical Cyclone Annie November 21, 1973 to December 8, 1973 (Report). Australian Bureau of Meteorology's Perth Tropical Cyclone Warning Centre. August 13, 2009. p. 2. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 22, 2012. Retrieved August 10, 2014.
- ↑ Tropical Cyclone Anggrek (Report). Australian Bureau of Meteorology's Western Australian Regional Office. 2010. p. 2. Archived from the original on August 10, 2014. Retrieved August 10, 2014.
- 1 2 Brown, Daniel P (December 17, 2007). Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Noel 2007 (PDF) (Technical report). United States National Hurricane Center. p. 4. Retrieved April 25, 2016.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 Roth, David M. (April 29, 2015). "Tropical Cyclone Point Maxima". Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Data. United States Weather Prediction Center. Retrieved May 8, 2016.
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- ↑ Beven III, John L; Stewart, Stacey R; National Hurricane Center (February 8, 2009). Tropical Storm Fay 2008 (PDF) (Tropical Cyclone Report). United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. Retrieved June 10, 2012.
- ↑ Pasch, Richard J; Kimberlain, Todd B; Stewart, Stacey R; National Hurricane Center (November 18, 1999). Hurricane Floyd 1999 (Preliminary Report). United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. Retrieved June 10, 2012.
- ↑ Nick Wiltgen (July 31, 2015). "Tropical Cyclone Komen Soaking Waterlogged Bangladesh, Myanmar; At Least 33 Reported Dead, 6 Missing". The Weather Channel. Retrieved July 31, 2015.
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- 1 2 3 Padgett, Gary; Kevin Boyle; John Wallace; Huang Chunliang; Simon Clarke (2005-05-17). "Monthly Global Tropical Cyclone Summary September 2004". Australian Severe Weather Index. Jimmy Deguara. Retrieved 2007-01-13.
- ↑ "Crops on 1.28 lakh hectares land damaged". The Daily Star. May 18, 2013. Retrieved May 18, 2013.
- 1 2 3 4 Padgett, Gary; Kevin Boyle; John Wallace; Huang Chunliang; Simon Clarke (2005-05-17). "Monthly Global Tropical Cyclone Summary October 2004". Retrieved 2007-01-13.
- ↑ 1970 Annual Summary Part C — Storms & Depressions (PDF) (India Weather Review). India Meteorological Department. p. 10. Archived from the original on 2012-06-01. Retrieved 2012-06-01.
- ↑ "Cyclone Sidr Rainfall Total". NASA. 2007. Retrieved June 15, 2009.
- ↑ Staff Writer (2009). "Cyclone Aila Preliminary Report" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. Retrieved June 15, 2009.
- ↑ Hal Pierce and Rob Gutro (April 20, 2009). "Hurricane Season 2009: Bijli (Northern Indian Ocean)". NASA. Retrieved May 23, 2009.
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- ↑ Biological-Diversity.info. Biological Diversity in Belize. Retrieved on February 19, 2007.
- 1 2 Beven II, John L (January 29, 2001). Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Keith: September 28 – October 6, 2000. National Hurricane Center (Report). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on July 29, 2014. Retrieved July 29, 2014.
- ↑ Brown, Daniel P (January 29, 2001). Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Depression Sixteen: October 14-15, 2008 (PDF). National Hurricane Center (Technical report). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. p. 4. Archived from the original on July 29, 2014. Retrieved July 29, 2014.
- ↑ Franklin, James L (September 6, 2001). Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Chantal: August 14 - 21, 2001. National Hurricane Center (Technical report). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on July 29, 2014. Retrieved July 29, 2014.
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- ↑ Hunting Caye Automatic Weather Station (1993). "Hourly Data during passage of Tropical Storm Gert". Retrieved 2008-12-21.
- ↑ National Hurricane Center (1974). "Hurricane Fifi Preliminary Report Page 2". Retrieved 2008-12-21.
- ↑ Pan American Health Organization (2001-10-08). "Hurricane Iris Situation Report 3". Retrieved 2008-12-21.
- ↑ Daily Rainfall from Kompot, Cambodia in 1997. Retrieved on 2008-03-14.
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- ↑ Daily Rainfall from Kompong Cham, Cambodia in 1998. Retrieved on 2008-03-14.
- ↑ "1999-Harvey". Environment Canada. September 14, 2010. Retrieved September 14, 2011.
- ↑ Environment Canada. Canadian Hurricane Centre: Impacts of Hurricanes. Retrieved on 2007-03-08.
- ↑ "Hurricane Igor drenches Newfoundland peninsula". Toronto Star. September 21, 2010. Retrieved September 21, 2010.
- ↑ Environment Canada. Remembering Hurricane Hazel: Storm Information. Retrieved on 2007-03-08.
- ↑ Gary Padgett. Monthly Global Tropical Cyclone Summary: July 2007. Retrieved on 2007-12-28.
- ↑ Dr. Hal Garrish. Hurricane Bertha Statistics. Retrieved on 2007-03-08.
- ↑ "2. Super Storm Sandy and Another Active Hurricane Season". Environment Canada. December 20, 2012. Retrieved December 24, 2012.
- ↑ Canadian Hurricane Centre (2002). "2001 Tropical Cyclone Season Summary". Retrieved February 27, 2007.
- ↑ Chris Fogarty and Peter Bowyer. TROPICAL STORM CRISTOBAL INFORMATION STATEMENT. Retrieved on 2008-07-31.
- ↑ Chris Fogarty and Peter Bowyer. Post-Tropical Cyclone Leslie Information Statement Retrieved on 2012-12-24.
- ↑ Hong Kong Observatory. Weather Cases: Typhoon Sam Retrieved on June 23, 2007.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 J. L. H. Paulhaus (1973). World Meteorological Organization Operational Hydrology Report No. 1: Manual For Estimation of Probable Maximum Precipitation. World Meteorological Organization. p. 178.
- ↑ Padgett, Gary (2006-12-27). "Monthly Global Tropical Cyclone Summary August 2001". Australian Severe Weather Index. Jimmy Deguara. Retrieved 2007-01-13.
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- ↑ "China: Floods — Information Bulletin no 2". International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies. ReliefWeb. August 10, 2012. Retrieved August 10, 2012.
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- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Tropical Cyclones in 2010 (PDF) (Report). Hong Kong Observatory. p. 98. Retrieved 2012-05-14.
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- ↑ Lianshou, Chen. Topic 2.1 Observing and forecasting rainfall. Fifth International Workshop on Tropical Cyclones. Retrieved August 4, 2012.
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- ↑ Chiu Yu-Tzu (July 20, 2005). "Haitang fizzles out, leaves Taiwan wet". Taipei Times. Retrieved April 11, 2010.
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- ↑ Naciones Unidas a Centroamérica (March 16, 1999). "Costa Rica: Evaluación de los Daños Ocasionados por el Huracán Mitch, 1998: Sus implicaciones para el desarrollo económico y social y el medio ambiente". United Nations. p. 10.
- 1 2 3 Daniel P. Brown. Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Alma. Retrieved on November 29, 2008.
- ↑ Fallas, Jorge; Valverde, Carmen (2005). "Evidence-based Policy for Integrated Control of Forested River Catchments in Extreme Rainfall and Snowmelt" (PDF). Epic-Force. p. 5. Retrieved October 8, 2011.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Instituto Nacional de Recursos Hidráulicos (2012). "Lluvias intensas observadas y grandes inundaciones reportadas" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on November 5, 2013. Retrieved April 25, 2016.
- ↑ WorldAtlas.com. Dominica. Retrieved on February 19, 2007.
- ↑ "Tropical Storm Erika: At Least 2 Dead, Widespread Flooding Reported in Dominica; Florida Prepares For Possible Impacts". The Weather Channel. August 27, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2015.
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- ↑ Paul J. Hebert (July 1, 1980). "Atlantic Hurricane Season of 1979" (PDF). Monthly Weather Review. American Meteorological Society. 108 (7): 973–990. Bibcode:1980MWRv..108..973H. doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1980)108<0973:AHSO>2.0.CO;2. Retrieved August 28, 2015.
- ↑ "Preliminary Report on Hurricane Abby, July 10–15, 1960". National Hurricane Center. p. 1.
- ↑ Dominican Republic Page. Dominican Republic Geography. Retrieved on February 19, 2007.
- ↑ (Spanish) "Lluvias dejan 3 muertos y 7.000 evacuados". Hoy. Periódico Hoy. Associated Press. 2011-08-05. Retrieved 2011-08-05.
- ↑ (Spanish) Hugo del Jesus Segura Soto (2005-07-18). "Inundaciones rápidas en la República Dominicana" (PDF). Centro de Estudios Hidrográficos. p. 57.
- ↑ ONAMET. Boletin Climatologico Mensual: Septiembre. Retrieved on 2007-03-09.
- ↑ ONAMET. Boletin Climatologico Mensual: Agosto. Retrieved on 2007-03-09.
- ↑ ONAMET. Boletin Climatologico Mensual: Octubre. Retrieved on 2007-03-09.
- 1 2 Brown, Daniel P; Kimberlain, Todd B; National Hurricane Center (2009-03-27). Hurricane Hanna (PDF) (Tropical Cyclone Report). United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. Retrieved 2012-06-01.
- ↑ ONAMET. Boletin Climatologico Mensual: Mayo. Retrieved on 2007-03-09.
- ↑ Richard D. Knabb (November 24, 2005). "Tropical Cyclone Report Hurricane Adrian: 17–21 May 2005" (PDF). National Hurricane Center. p. 4.
- ↑ Staff Writer (May 30, 2010). "Agatha tocó tierra, pero las lluvias siguen hoy" (in Spanish). El Salvador.com. Retrieved May 30, 2010.
- ↑ National Climatic Data Center. Mitch: The Deadliest Atlantic Hurricane Since 1780. Retrieved on November 29, 2008.
- ↑ Colorado State University. Topography of Chuuk (Truk) Lagoon. Retrieved on February 19, 2007.
- ↑ Padgett, Gary; John Wallace; Kevin Boyle (December 27, 2006). "Monthly Global Tropical Cyclone Summary: July 2002". Australian Severe Weather Index. Jimmy Deguara. Retrieved January 13, 2007.
- ↑ Padgett, Gary. "Monthly Global Tropical Cyclone Summary: July 2002". Retrieved April 22, 2012.
- ↑ Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Summary of Western North Pacific and North Indian Ocean Tropical Cyclones. Retrieved on March 12, 2007.
- ↑ "Storm Events Database: Guam: Tropical Storm Haishen". United States National Centers for Environmental Information. Retrieved July 9, 2016.
- ↑ Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Typhoon Ruby. Retrieved on January 5, 2007.
- 1 2 Campbell, John R (1984). Dealing with disaster: hurricane response in Fiji. p. 55. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 23, 2014. Retrieved July 23, 2014.
- ↑ Prasad, Rajendra (February 19, 1993). Tropical Cyclone Kina, December 26, 1992 – January 5, 1993 (Tropical Cyclone Report 92/1). Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 26, 2013. Retrieved October 26, 2013.
- ↑ Thompson, Russell D (1986). "Hurricanes in the Fiji Area: Causes and Consequences". New Zealand Journal of Geography. 81 (1): 7–12. doi:10.1111/j.0028-8292.1986.tb00222.x.
- ↑ Terry, James P; Raj, Rishi (1999). "Island Environment and Landscape Responses to 1997 Tropical Cyclones in Fiji". Pacific Science. University of Hawai'i Press. 53 (3): 257–272. Retrieved January 4, 2013.
- ↑ RSMC Nadi — Tropical Cyclone Centre (May 27, 1997). Preliminary Report on Tropical Cyclone "June" — May 3 - 5, 1997 (Report). Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 21, 2014. Retrieved March 21, 2014.
- ↑ Climate Services Division (January 7, 2013). Fiji Islands Climate Summary December 2012 Volume 33 Issue 12 (Report). Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 7, 2013. Retrieved January 8, 2013.
- ↑ Climate Services Division (January 13, 2010). Fiji Islands Climate Summary December 2009 Volume 30 Issue 12 (Report). Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 12, 2010. Retrieved January 4, 2013.
- ↑ Climate Services Division (March 8, 2016). Fiji Climate Summary: February 2016 (Report). 37. Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 8, 2016. Retrieved March 8, 2016.
- ↑ Prasad, Rajendra; Fiji Meteorological Service (1990). DeAngellis, Richard M, ed. Tropical Cyclone Rae (Mariners Weather Log: Volume 34, Issue 3: Summer 1990). United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Oceanographic Data Service. p. 43. Retrieved May 15, 2013.
- ↑ Browne M L; Krishna, Ram (1983). "Tropical Cyclone 'Oscar'" (PDF). Weather and Climate. The Meteorological Society of New Zealand. 3 (2): 59–65.
- ↑ Padgett, Gary. "Monthly Global Tropical Cyclone Summary December 1999". Archived from the original on April 1, 2012. Retrieved April 1, 2012.
- ↑ Padgett, Gary (December 1, 2005). "Monthly Tropical Cyclone Summary — December 2004". Australian Severe Weather. Retrieved February 22, 2010.
- ↑ http://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/doc34-05/35797.pdf
- ↑ Padgett, Gary (December 1, 1998). "Monthly Tropical Cyclone Summary — December 1997". Australian Severe Weather. Retrieved February 22, 2010.
- ↑ Météo-France French Polynesia (June 24, 2008). Review of the 2006-07 and 2007-08 tropical cyclone seasons (Report). World Meteorological Organization. Retrieved February 22, 2010.
- ↑ National Hurricane Center (1996). Hurricane Marilyn Prelimary Report (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved February 14, 2007.
- ↑ Service Régional de METEO-FRANCE en Guadeloupe. COMPTE RENDU METEOROLOGIQUE: Passage de l’Ouragan LENNY du 17 au 19 novembre 1999 sur l’archipel de la Guadeloupe. Retrieved on 2007-02-19. A
- ↑ Avila, Lixion A; National Hurricane Center (October 23, 1996). Hurricane Hortense 3-16 September 1996 (Preliminary Report). United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. Retrieved June 17, 2012.
- ↑ World Meteorological Organization. Review of the Past Hurricane Season. Retrieved on 2007-02-24.
- ↑ (French) AFP, France Antilles (2009-09-03). "07 - La Tempête tropicale Erika affecte la Guadeloupe". Catastrophes Naturalles. Retrieved 2009-09-04.
- ↑ http://www.meteo.fr/temps/domtom/antilles/pack-public/cyclone/saison2010/earl_%20gd_idn.pdf
- ↑ Perrusset, Marcell; Bouguen, Pierre (1970). La Tempête Tropicale Dorothy (Report) (in French). Météo-France. table 1 as archived by the National Hurricane Center in its Storm Wallet for Tropical Storm Dorothy, 1970. Retrieved January 24, 2012.
- ↑ 1990 Klaus: Ouragan. Pluies extrêmes aux Antilles (Report) (in French). Météo-France. n.d. Retrieved September 6, 2015.
- ↑ 1967 Beulah: Ouragan. Pluies extrêmes aux Antilles (Report) (in French). Météo-France. n.d. Retrieved September 6, 2015.
- ↑ Rappaport, Edward N. (November 2, 2000). Hurricane Iris: 22 August–4 September 1995 (Preliminary Report). 1995 Atlantic Hurricane Season Preliminary Reports. National Hurricane Center. Retrieved September 6, 2015.
- ↑ 1979 David: Ouragan. Pluies extrêmes aux Antilles (Report) (in French). Météo-France. n.d. Retrieved September 6, 2015.
- ↑ Franklin, James L (January 31, 2008). Hurricane Dean (AL042007): August 13–23 2007 (PDF) (Technical report). National Hurricane Center. p. 4. Retrieved September 6, 2015.
- ↑ Mayfield, Britt M (October 25, 1993). Tropical Storm Cindy: 14–17 August 1993 (Preliminary Report). Storm Wallet for Tropical Storm Cindy, 1993. National Hurricane Center. p. 2. Retrieved September 6, 2015.
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