List of medieval stone churches in Finland
This is a list of medieval stone churches in Finland. A total number of 104 fieldstone churches were built between the 13th and 16th century, of which 83 have been preserved. Numbers include the sacristies of uncompleted churches as well as three churches in Vyborg which is now part of Russia.
The construction years for each church are listed in accordance with the 1994 PhD thesis of historian Markus Hiekkanen, "Suomen keskiajan kivikirkot" (Finnish medieval stone churches), although since the publication of his thesis it has emerged that some historians disagree with some of the dates he offers. Until Hiekkanen's research, most of the churches were generally considered 100–200 years older.
The provinces in this list refer to the historical provinces of Finland which differ from the modern regions of Finland.
Number of churches by province
Province | Churches | Sacristies | Total |
---|---|---|---|
Finland Proper | 26 | 4 | 30 |
Tavastia | 13 | 6 | 19 |
Uusimaa | 14 | – | 14 |
Satakunta | 9 | 4 | 13 |
Åland Islands | 13 | – | 13 |
Ostrobothnia | 7 | 1 | 8 |
Karelia | 4 | 1 | 5 |
Savonia | – | 1 | 1 |
Finland Proper
Church | Image | Original parish |
Current municipality |
Built | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Halikko Church | Halikko | Halikko | 1460–1475 | expanded 1813–1815 | |
Kalanti Church | Kalanti | Uusikaupunki | 1430–1450 | ||
Kimito Church | Kimito | Kimitoön | 1460s | ||
Kisko Sacristy | Kisko | Kisko | 1510–1530 | ||
Koroinen Church | Diocese of Finland | Turku | 1266–1286 | foundations, destroyed 1396 | |
Korpo Church | Korpo | Pargas | 1430s–1440s | ||
Laitila Church | Laitila | Laitila | 1460–1483 | ||
Lemu Church | Lemu | Masku | 1460–1480 | ||
Lieto Church | Lieto | Lieto | 1470s–1480s | ||
Marttila Sacristy | Marttila | Marttila | 1500–1540 | ruins | |
Masku Church | Masku | Masku | 1490–1510 | ||
Mynämäki Church | Mynämäki | Mynämäki | 1425–1440 | ||
Naantali Church | Nådendal Abbey | Naantali | 1480s | ||
Nagu Church | Nagu | Nagu | 1430–1450 | ||
Nousiainen Church | Nousiainen | Nousiainen | 1420s–1430s | ||
Pargas Church | Pargas | Pargas | 1440s/1450s | ||
Perniö Church | Perniö | Salo | 1460–1480 | ||
Pertteli Church | Pertteli | Salo | 1500–1520 | ||
Piikkiö Sacristy | Piikkiö | Kaarina | 1500–1560 | demolished, no remains found | |
Pöytyä Sacristy | Pöytyä | Pöytyä | 1500–1560 | demolished 1805, no remains found | |
Raisio Church | Raisio | Raisio | 1500–1520 | ||
Rusko Church | Rusko | Rusko | 1510–1530 | ||
Rymättylä Church | Rymättylä | Naantali | 1510s | ||
Sauvo Church | Sauvo | Sauvo | 1460–1472 | ||
St. Ann's Chapel | Uskela | Salo | 1500–1520 | demolished 1832, memorial 1953 | |
St. Catherine's Church | Turku | Turku | 1440s–1450s | ||
St. Mary's Church | Maaria | Turku | 1440s | ||
Taivassalo Church | Taivassalo | Taivassalo | 1425–1440 | ||
Turku Cathedral | Archdiocese of Turku | Turku | 1400s–1410s | ||
Turku Dominican Church | Dominican Convent in Turku |
Turku | 1430s | no remains found | |
Vehmaa Church | Vehmaa | Vehmaa | 1425–1440 |
Karelia
Church | Image | Original parish |
Current municipality |
Built | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dominican Church of Vyborg | Dominican Convent in Vyborg |
Vyborg | 1481 | destroyed by fire 1738, rebuilt 1828-1833, destroyed by fire 1989 | |
Franciscan Church of Vyborg | Franciscan Convent in Vyborg |
Vyborg | 1495–1497 | demolished 1741 | |
St. Mary's Church | Vehkalahti | Hamina | 1430–1470 | destroyed by fire 1821, rebuilt | |
Virolahti Sacristy | Virolahti | Virolahti | 1500–1530 | ||
Vyborg Old Cathedral | Vyborg | Vyborg | 1435–1445 | ruins, destroyed 1940 |
Ostrobothnia
Church | Image | Original parish |
Current municipality |
Built | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alatornio Church | Alatornio | Tornio | 1500–1513 | expanded 1794–1797 | |
Isokyrö Old Church | Isokyrö | Isokyrö | 1513–1533 | ||
Kaarlela Church | Kaarlela | Kokkola | 1500–1530 | expanded 1788–1789 | |
Keminmaa Church | Kemi | Keminmaa | 1520–1553 | ||
Närpes Church | Närpes | Närpes | 1550–1555 | ||
Pedersöre Church | Pedersöre | Jakobstad | 1510–1520 | expanded 1787–1795 | |
St. Mary's Church | Korsholm | Vaasa | 1500–1520 | ruins, destroyed by fire 1852 | |
Vörå Sacristy | Vörå | Vörå | 1519–1522 | ruins beneath the 1626 church |
Satakunta
Church | Image | Original parish |
Current municipality |
Built | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Church of the Holy Cross | Franciscan Convent in Rauma |
Rauma | 1515–1520 | ||
Huittinen Church | Huittinen | Huittinen | 1500 | expanded 1793 and 1860 | |
Kokemäki Sacristy | Kokemäki | Kokemäki | 1500–1540 | ||
Köyliö Sacristy | Köyliö | Köyliö | early 16th century | no remains found | |
Lempäälä Church | Lempäälä | Lempäälä | 1502–1505 | expanded 1806 and 1835–1838 | |
Loimaa Sacristy | Loimaa | Loimaa | 1500–1560 | demolished 1751, no remains found | |
Messukylä Old Church | Messukylä | Tampere | 1510–1530 | ||
Nokia Manor Chapel | Nokia Manor | Nokia | 1505–1529 | foundations, demolished 1760s | |
Sastamala Church | Karkku | Sastamala | 1497–1505 | ||
St. Olaf's Church | Tyrvää | Sastamala | 1506–1516 | interior destroyed by fire 1997 | |
St. Olaf's Church | Ulvila | Ulvila | 1495–1510 | ||
Trinity Church | Rauma | Rauma | 1495–1505 | ruins, destroyed by fire 1640 | |
Vesilahti Sacristy | Vesilahti | Vesilahti | 1485–1500 | demolished 1839 |
Savonia
Church | Image | Original parish |
Current municipality |
Built | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Savilahti Stone Sacristy | Savilahti | Mikkeli | 1520–1560 | abandoned 18th century, restored 1901 |
Tavastia
Church | Image | Original parish |
Current municipality |
Built | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Akaa Sacristy | Akaa | Akaa | ca. 1510 | ||
Hauho Church | Hauho | Hämeenlinna | 1500–1520 | ||
Hollola Church | Hollola | Hollola | 1495–1510 | ||
Holy Cross Church | Hattula | Hattula | 1472–1490 | ||
Hämeenkoski Church | Koski | Hämeenkoski | 1510–1560 | ruins, abandoned early 17th century | |
Janakkala Church | Janakkala | Janakkala | 1510–1520 | expanded 1840s | |
Kalvola Sacristy | Kalvola | Hämeenlinna | 1495–1505 | ||
Lammi Church | Lammi | Hämeenlinna | 1510s | ||
Padasjoki Sacristy | Padasjoki | Padasjoki | 1520–1560 | demolished 1660s, present church 1670 | |
Renko Church | Renko | Hämeenlinna | 1510–1550 | ||
Somero Sacristy | Somero | Somero | 1490s | ||
St. Michael's Church | Pälkäne | Pälkäne | 1495–1505 | ruins, abandoned 1839 | |
Sysmä Church | Sysma | Sysmä | 1510–1520 | expanded 1833–1834 | |
Sääksmäki Church | Sääksmäki | Valkeakoski | 1495–1500 | destroyed by fire 1929, rebuilt 1933 | |
Tammela Church | Tammela | Tammela | 1530–1550 | ||
Tuulos Church | Tuulos | Hämeenlinna | 1510–1540 | ||
Tyrväntö Sacristy | Tyrväntö | Hattula | early 16th century | ||
Urjala Sacristy | Urjala | Urjala | 1520–1540 | ||
Vanaja Church | Vanaja | Hämeenlinna | 1495–1510 |
Uusimaa
Church | Image | Original parish |
Current municipality |
Built | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Espoo Cathedral | Espoo | Espoo | 1485–1490 | expanded 1821–1823 | |
Ingå Church | Ingå | Ingå | 1430–1520 | ||
Karis Church | Karis | Raseborg | 1465–1470 | ||
Kirkkonummi Church | Kirkkonummi | Kirkkonummi | 1400–1490 | expanded 18th and 19th century | |
Lohja Church | Lohja | Lohja | 1470–1490 | ||
Pernå Church | Pernå | Loviisa | 1410–1442 | ||
Pohja Church | Pohja | Raseborg | 1475–1480 | ||
Porvoo Cathedral | Porvoo | Porvoo | 1414–1450 | ||
Pyhtää Church | Pyhtää | Pyhtää | 1462 | ||
Sipoo Old Church | Sipoo | Sipoo | 1450–1454 | ||
Siuntio Church | Siuntio | Siuntio | 1460–1489 | ||
Tenala Church | Tenala | Raseborg | 1460–1480 | ||
Vantaa Church | Helsingin pitäjä | Vantaa | 1450s | ||
Vihti Church | Vihti | Vihti | 1500–1520 | ruins, abandoned 1801 |
Åland Islands
Church | Image | Original parish |
Current municipality |
Built | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Church of St. Olaf | Jomala | Jomala | 1275–1285 | ||
Eckerö Church | Eckerö | Eckerö | 1380–1420 | ||
Finström Church | Finström | Finström | 1440–1470 | ||
Föglö Church | Föglö | Föglö | 1500–1520 | expanded 1859–1860 | |
Geta Church | Geta | Geta | 1510–1540 | ||
Hammarland Church | Hammarland | Hammarland | 14th century | ||
Kumlinge Church | Kumlinge | Kumlinge | 1500–1510 | ||
Kökar Church | Franciscan Convent in Kökar |
Kökar | 1500–1520 | abandoned late 16th century, present church 1784 | |
Lemböte Chapel | Lemland | Lemland | 1500–1530 | abandoned late 16th century, renovated 1890s | |
Lemland Church | Lemland | Lemland | 1290–1310 | ||
Saltvik Church | Saltvik | Saltvik | 1350s–1370s | ||
Sund Church | Sund | Sund | late 13th century | ||
Vårdö Church | Vårdö | Vårdö | 1520–1550 |
Sources
- Hiekkanen, Markus: "Suomen keskiajan kivikirkot". Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura, 2007. ISBN 978-951-746-861-9.
See also
External links
- Media related to Medieval churches in Finland at Wikimedia Commons
- Media related to Fieldstone churches in Finland at Wikimedia Commons