Landyacht

Three-axle bumper-pull travel trailer by Airstream, a luxury "land yacht"

1960 Lincoln Continental, length: 229 in (5,817 mm)

1969 Mercedes-Benz 600, loaded weight: 3,048 kg (6,720 lb)

1972 Cadillac 75 sedan, length: 248.9 in (6,322 mm)

1974 Mercury Colony Park station wagon, curb weight: 5,066 lb (2,298 kg)

1975 Imperial four-door hardtop, length: 232.7 in (5,911 mm)

A landyacht is a term used to describe luxurious recreational vehicles and is an informal term for large automobiles.^[1][2] Other descriptors of these cars include 'slab', 'luxobarge', 'lead sled', or 'yank tank'. These terms refer to the largest full-sized cars made by U.S. and German auto manufacturers from the 1950s through the 1990s.^[3]

Origins

Land yachts are essentially large cars and recreational vehicles (RVs) compared to yachts that ride on land, evoking the relative size, maneuverability, and luxury of the water vessel. An extravagant RV with two floors designed for entertainment and super yacht lifestyle was valued at $3 million.^[4] The Airstream luxury recreational vehicle manufactureer uses "Land Yacht" as a model name.^[5][6]

In automobiles, the term is most commonly applied to the large American cars of the pre-oil crisis era. Cars of this era remain known for size, large and powerful V8 engines, and an emphasis on ride comfort at the expense of handling. Features commonly found in landyachts include very generous exterior proportions, somewhat vague steering, and a soft ride.^[7] Consumers purchased these large cars for a many reasons and practicality was usually one of them. One of the largest production sedans were the 1974–1976 Cadillac Fleetwood 75 sedans that reached 252.2 in (6,406 mm) in length and weighed 5,500–6,100 lb (2,500–2,800 kg).^[8][9] Many landyacht-type cars are four-door sedans or hardtop (no "B" pillar) body styles, but large coupes, convertibles, and station wagons were available.^[10][11]

Designs

Design, as much as size, distinguished the landyacht automobiles. While European and later Japanese car manufacturers often produced cars just as large and expensive, American marques distinguished themselves with eye-catching and innovative design and marketing. Cars from Cadillac, Lincoln, Imperial, Buick, and many other American brands featured elaborate, styling. In addition to simply being a large car, landyachts often included the following:

• Vinyl roofs (sometimes called carriage tops or Brougham tops)
• Opera windows
• Heavy chrome brightwork, especially on the fenders and grille
• Heavily cushioned, very roomy interior; usually upholstered in leather, vinyl, velour, or cloth
• Whitewall tires (especially in the 1950s and 1960s)
• Simulated wood paneling on station wagons.
• Body-on-frame construction (except Chrysler Corporation automobiles including Imperials produced after 1966 which used unibody construction)

Modern use

After the oil crises of the 1970s and 1980s, U.S. consumers become more interested in fuel economy than glamor. Downsizing by the domestic automakers meant more efficient mid-size cars like the Ford Taurus. GM's discontinuation of both of their B platform, which included the Buick Roadmaster and Chevrolet Caprice and its D platform (Cadillac Fleetwood) in 1996 marked the demise of that company's "true" land yachts.^[12] Ford's full-size V8/rear-drive Panther platform, which underpinned the Ford Crown Victoria, Lincoln Town Car and Mercury Grand Marquis continued through the 2011 model year (although the Crown Victoria was sold as a fleet model only from 2008-2012).

See also

• Full-size car
• List of car manufacturers
• List of largest passenger vehicles in the United States
• Passenger vehicles in the United States
• Old man's car

References