Konstantin Zhostov

Konstantin Zhostov
Born	(1867-09-30)30 September 1867 Gaytaninovo
Died	30 August 1916(1916-08-30) (aged 48) Kyustendil
Allegiance	Bulgaria
Service/branch	Bulgarian Army
Years of service	1885–1916
Rank	Major General
Commands held	Eight Tundzha Infantry Division Chief of Staff of the Third Army Chief of the General Staff of the Bulgarian Army
Battles/wars	First Balkan War Second Balkan War First World War
Awards

Konstantin Andonov Zhostov (Bulgarian: Константин Андонов Жостов) (30 September 1867 – 30 August 1916) was a Bulgarian General and Chief of the Bulgarian Army Staff.

Biography

Konstantin Zhostov was born in the village of Gaytaninovo, at the time part of the Ottoman Empire. He was the son of Andon Zhostov a teacher and a significant figure in the struggle for the autonomy of the Bulgarian Church. Konstantin was not the only child in the family as he had two bothers.

After the Russo-Turkish War (1877-1878) the family settled in Sofia and Andon became a priest. During the Serbo-Bulgarian War Konstantin was a student in Lom and took part in the Battle of Pirot between 14 and 15 November 1885 as a volunteer in the Student's Legion.

After the war he graduated from the High School and Lom and continued his education in the Artillery Department of the Military School in Sofia. He received his first officer rank - lieutenant on 9 May 1887 and began his service in the artillery and in 1894 was promoted to captain.

In 1889 Zhostov went to Vienna, where he entered the Artillery School to study for a staff officer. In 1897 he graduated with excellent marks and returned to Bulgaria and was assigned to the administration of the Army's General Staff. Latter he was appointed commander of an artillery battery in the 3rd Artillery Regiment and was made head of the fortress artillery section in the Artillery Department of the War Ministry.

In 1902 he was promoted to major and in 1905 was sent as a military attaché to Vienna. In 1908 Zhostov was promoted to colonel and took command of the 8th Tundzha Infantry Division. Then in 1906-1907 he was again a military attaché in Saint Petersburg and Paris. After his return to Bulgariahe became part of Tsar Ferdinand's retinue. In 19010 Konstantin was made commander of the 3rd Artillery Regiment and in 1912 became head of the Reserve Officer School.

Balkan Wars

When the general mobilization prior the First Balkan War was declared in September 1912 Konstantin Zhostov was appointed Chief of Staff of the 3rd Army and as such was at the heart of the Bulgarian victories at Lozengrad and Lüleburgaz. Latter he was Chief of Staff of the united Bulgarian 1st and 3rd Armies. After the first armistice was concluded he was included in the Bulgarian delegation at the London peace talks. With the failure of the talks he returned to the front and assumed his previous post. After a few months of fighting the Ottoman Empire was finally defeated and the London Peace Treaty was signed on 30 May 1913.

During the Second Balkan War he was commander of the 1st Brigade of the 7th Infantry Division.

First World War

On the 15 August 1915 Zhostov was promoted to major general and in September appointed Chief of the General Staff of the Army. He had a leading role during the Serbian Campaign and in the Macedonian Front. Still the general was not among the strong supporters of the Central Powers. Following a tour of the Western Front and the Italian Front he even suggested to the prime minister Radoslavov that Bulgaria switch sides and join the Entente. Such views made Zhostov, in his own words, a "black cat" for tsar Ferdinand and the government.^[1]

Major General Konstantin Zhostov died on 30 August 1916 after suffering from complications of appendicitis.

Awards

• Order of Bravery, II grade and III grade,2 class
• Order of St Alexander, II and III grade with swords
• Order of Military Merit, IV and V grade
• German Iron Cross
• Austrian Order of the Iron Crown
• Ottoman Liyakat Medal

References

Sources

• Richard Hall, Balkan Breakthrough: The Battle of Dobro Pole 1918, Indiana University Press, 2010, ISBN 978-0-253-35452-5
• General Zhostov(in Bulgarian)

Bulgaria during World War I
Prelude	South-western front Serbian Campaign, Macedonian Front	Romanian front • Outcome • Others	Important persons
Balkan Wars 1912–1913 First Balkan War 1913 Treaty of London Second Balkan War Treaty of Bucharest Treaty of Constantinople Neutrality 1914 Ottoman–Bulgarian alliance 1915 Negotiations of Bulgaria with the Central Powers and the Entente Bulgarian–German treaty Secret Bulgarian–German agreement Military convention between Germany, Austria-Hungary and Bulgaria Bulgarian–Ottoman convention Mobilization	Commanders  Bulgaria Nikola Zhekov • Kliment Boyadzhiev • Dimitar Geshov • Georgi Todorov • Ivan Lukov • Stefan Nerezov • Vladimir Vazov Entente:  Serbia: Radomir Putnik • Živojin Mišić • Stepa Stepanović • Petar Bojović • Pavle Jurišić Šturm;  France: Maurice Sarrail • Adolphe Guillaumat • Louis Franchet d'Espèrey;  United Kingdom: Bryan Mahon • George Milne;  Kingdom of Greece: Panagiotis Danglis Field Armies + Eleventh Army First Army Second Army Fourth Army Battles 1915 Morava Offensive • Ovče Pole Offensive • Kosovo Offensive (1915) • Battle of Krivolak 1916 First battle of Doiran • Battle of Florina (Lerin) • Struma operation • Monastir Offensive 1917 Second battle of Doiran • 2nd Crna Bend • Second battle of Monastir 1918 Battle of Skra-di-Legen • Battle of Dobro Pole • Third battle of Doiran	Commanders  Bulgaria Nikola Zhekov • Panteley Kiselov • Stefan Toshev • Todor Kantardzhiev • Ivan Kolev Entente:  Romania: Constantin Prezan • Alexandru Averescu;  Russia: Andrei Zayonchkovski • Vladimir Sakharov Field Armies Third Army Battles 1916 Battle of Turtucaia • Battle of Dobrich • First Cobadin • Flămânda Offensive • Second Cobadin • Battle of Bucharest Outcome 1918 Treaty of Brest-Litovsk • Armistice of Focșani • Treaty of Bucharest • Protocol of Berlin Outcome Armistice of Salonica Vladaya revolt Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine Others Bulgarian administration in Kosovo Anti-military propaganda	Ferdinand Vasil Radoslavov Aleksandar Malinov Aleksandar Stamboliyski Aleksandar Protogerov August von Mackensen Boris Drangov Vladimir Vazov Georgi Todorov (general) Ivan Kolev Kliment Boyadzhiev Dimitar Geshov Ivan Lukov Konstantin Zhostov Krastyu Zlatarev Nikola Zhekov Panteley Kiselov Stefan Toshev Stefan Nerezov Todor Kantardzhiev