Juramaia

Juramaia
Temporal range: Late Jurassic, 160.89–160.25 Ma
↓
Restoration
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Clade: Synapsida
Class: Mammalia
Clade: Eutheria
Genus: †Juramaia
Luo et al., 2011
Species
  • †J. sinensis Luo et al., 2011 (type)

Juramaia is an extinct genus of very basal eutherian mammal from the Late Jurassic (Oxfordian stage) deposits of western Liaoning, China; it is a small shrew-like mammal of body length approximately 70-100 mm.[1] Juramaia is known from the holotype BMNH PM1343, an articulated and nearly complete skeleton including incomplete skull preserved with full dentition. It was collected in the Daxigou site, Jianchang, from the Tiaojishan Formation dated at about 160 million years ago.[2] It was first named by Zhe-Xi Luo, Chong-Xi Yuan, Qing-Jin Meng and Qiang Ji in 2011 and the type species is Juramaia sinensis.[3] The discovery of Juramaia provides new insight into the evolution of placental mammals by showing that their lineage diverged from that of the marsupials 35 million years earlier than previously thought.[3] Furthermore, its discovery fills gaps in the fossil record and helps to calibrate modern, DNA-based methods of dating the evolution.[4][5] Based on climbing adaptations found in the forelimb bones, it has been suggested that the basal stock of Eutheria was arboreal, [3] in a manner resembling that of modern rats.[6]
 Metatheria

 Sinodelphys szalayi

 Cenozoic metatherian



 Eutheria

 Juramaia sinensis

 Montanalestes keeblerorum

 Murtoilestes abramovi

 Eomaia scansoria

 Prokennalestes trofimovi

 Cenozoic placentalia




See also

References

  1. ↑ Juramaia sinensis - 160-Million-Year-Old Fossil Pushes Back Mammal Evolution
  2. ↑ Chu, Z.; He, H.; Ramezani, J.; Bowring, S.A.; Hu, D.; Zhang, L.; Zheng, S.; Wang, X.; Zhou, Z.; Deng, C.; Guo, J. (2016). "High-precision U-Pb geochronology of the Jurassic Yanliao Biota from Jianchang (western Liaoning Province, China): Age constraints on the rise of feathered dinosaurs and eutherian mammals". Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems. doi:10.1002/2016GC006529.
  3. 1 2 3 Zhe-Xi Luo, Chong-Xi Yuan, Qing-Jin Meng and Qiang Ji (25 August 2011). "A Jurassic eutherian mammal and divergence of marsupials and placentals" (PDF). Nature. 476: 442–445. doi:10.1038/nature10291. PMID 21866158. Electronic supplementary material
  4. ↑ "Fossil redefines mammal history" BBC News
  5. ↑ Discovery of a 160-million-year-old fossil represents a new milestone in early mammal evolution
  6. ↑ Bonnan MF, Shulman J, Varadharajan R, Gilbert C, Wilkes M, Horner A et al. (2 March 2016). "Forelimb Kinematics of Rats Using XROMM, with Implications for Small Eutherians and Their Fossil Relatives". PLoS ONE. 11 (3). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149377.
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