Jean-Paul Clébert

Jean-Paul Clébert
Born (1926-02-26)26 February 1926
Paris
Died 21 September 2011(2011-09-21) (aged 85)
Oppède, France
Occupation Writer, Journalist

Jean-Paul Clébert (born 23 February 1926 – 21 September 2011) was a French writer.

Biography

Before completing his studies in a Jesuit college, Jean-Paul Clébert left to join the French Resistance in 1943 at the age of 16. After the liberation, he spent six months in Asia and then returned to France. He described his unusual life as follows:

My secondary education was interrupted by the war but continued as a prisoner. I have never had a regular job but have been successively a house painter, cook, newspaper seller, farm worker, navvy undertaker’s mute, valet, cafe proprietor and tramp. Lived for some years with gipsies and am now engaged on writing a book about them. Have also traveled widely in the East. I now live alone on a farm in Haute Provence.[1]

On returning he lived for 3 or 4 years as a clochard amongst the many homeless people in the underground world of Paris.[2] This experience inspired his classic study of the underworld of Paris Paris insolite/Unknown Paris (1952), which he dedicated to his companions Robert Giraud and photographer Robert Doisneau. The book was championed by the remaining Surrealists, and the emerging Situationists based their theory of the dérive on Clébert's principles, using his book as a literal guide to the underside of the city.[3] An illustrated edition with photos of Patrice Molinard (who debuted as a stills photographer on Georges Franju's documentary le Sang des bêtes) and layout by Massin was published in 1954. On the occasion of the book's reissue by Attila in 2009 he said:

it was not a story in a journalistic sense, it was a personal investigation, it was me in the streets of Paris.[4]

Clébert’s friends Jacques Yonnet and Robert Giraud were inspired to write their own tales of the vagabond life on the streets of Paris; Yonnet’s Rue des Maléfices (1954), his sole novel (originally Enchantements sur Paris, English translation Paris Noir), and Giraud’s Le Vin des rues (1955). The three frequented Chez Fraysse on Rue de Seine in Saint-Germain-des-Prés with Doisneau, not far from Clébert’s other haunt Chez Moineau, the dirt-cheap refuge of bohemian youths and of Guy Debord, Michele Bernstein, Gil J. Wolman, Ivan Chtcheglov and the other members of the Lettrist International, and which was the subject of Ed van der Elsken’s photo-romain Love on the Left Bank (1956). Thus did Clébert attend both the last Surrealist meeting and some of the first gatherings of the Situationists.[5]

For two years he was a reporter in Asia for Paris Match and France Soir.

Provence and later life

Clébert retreated from urban life in 1956 to the mountainous Luberon region of Provence, in which he discovered abandoned stone villages, and took up residence there without running water or electricity, before moving in 1968 to Oppède-le-Vieux. The village had been a refuge for artists during the war, where Alexey Brodovitch owned an old mill occupied by his brother, and where Consuelo de Saint-Exupéry, widow of the aviator, was still resident. He spent the rest of his life there, dying on September 20, 2011.

He wrote thirty-three books and many were dedicated to the history and legends of his adopted Provence,[6] the most influential of these being Les Tziganes (1962) a pioneering sociological study of Gypsies,[7][8] one of the finest studies of the subject at the time based on both archival research and personal experience[9] (although it has also seen criticism in recent years[10][11]). The book was translated into English by Charles Duff in 1969. It was followed by Rêver de Provence – Côte d'Azur (1967), Guide de la Provence mystérieuse (1992) and a three volumes of the series Provence antique (vol. 1 in 19666, vol. 2 in 1970 and vol. 3 in 1992). He was awarded the Prix littéraire de Provence in 1988.

He published the novels L'Ermite in 1984, L'Alchimiste du Roi-Soleil in 1994 and L'Esprit des hauts lieux, in 2000. In 1996 he published Dictionnaire du Surréalisme".[12] In 1973 The Blockhouse, was made into a film directed by Clive Rees and starred Peter Sellers and Charles Aznavour.

Bibliography

Works in Translation

Notes

  1. ↑ The Blockhouse jean-Paul Clebert SFBC Science Fiction Book Club Bunker Babie DolyNo title
  2. ↑ Jean-Paul Clébert | HiLobrow
  3. ↑ see Luc Sante's introduction to the 2016 translation of Paris Insulate Clébert, Jean-Paul; Nicholson-Smith, Donald, (translator.); Sante, Luc, (writer of introduction.); Molinard, Patrice, (photographer.) (2016), Paris vagabond, New York New York Review Books, ISBN 978-1-59017-957-4
  4. ↑ «Les clochards n'étaient pas des exclus comme aujourd'hui» – - Bibliobs
  5. ↑ Clébert, Jean-Paul; Nicholson-Smith, Donald, (translator.); Sante, Luc, (writer of introduction.); Molinard, Patrice, (photographer.) (2016), Paris vagabond, New York New York Review Books, ISBN 978-1-59017-957-4
  6. ↑ Bachimon, P., & Arcuset, L. (1997). Textualité et résidentialité dans l’invention du Luberon.
  7. ↑ Olive, J. L. (2004). Nomination et dé-nomination de l'autre: Des usages ethnonymiques à l'épistémologie discursive en milieu gitan. Esprit critique, 6(01), 1705-1045.
  8. ↑ Gropper, R. C. (1970). ETHNOLOGY: The Gypsies. Jean‐Paul Clébert. Charles Duff, trans. American Anthropologist, 72(3), 640-641.
  9. ↑ Grande, F. (1999). El flamenco y los gitanos españoles. I Tchatchipen, 28, 33-36.
  10. ↑ The Myth of Gypsy Nationalism by Werner Cohn, Nationalities Papers, vol. XXI, no. 2, fall 1993; Copyright Werner Cohn, 1993, http://www.wernercohn.com/Gypsymyth.html
  11. ↑ Acton, T. (2007). Reviews: Lou Charnon-Deutsch, The Spanish Gypsy: The History of a European Obsession, Pennsylvania State University Press: University Park, PA, 2004; 280 pp., 31 illus.; 0271023597, $42.95 (hbk). European History Quarterly, 37(3), 467-468.
  12. ↑ Massipe, A. (2010). Je rêve donc je fais la révolution. L’écriture surréaliste au service de la révolution. Les chantiers de la création. Revue pluridisciplinaire en Lettres, Langues, Arts et Civilisations, (3).

External links

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