Princess Januária of Brazil

Princess Januária
Countess of Aquila

Dona Januária at age 43, 1865
Princess Imperial of Brazil
Tenure 30 October 1835 – 23 February 1845
Born (1822-03-11)11 March 1822
Palace of São Cristóvão, Rio de Janeiro, Kingdom of Brazil
Died 13 March 1901(1901-03-13) (aged 79)
Nice, France
Spouse Prince Louis, Count of Aquila
Issue Prince Luigi, Count of Roccaguglielma
Princess Maria Isabella
Prince Filippo
Prince Maria Emanuele
Full name
Portuguese: Januária Maria Joana Carlota Leopoldina Cândida Francisca Xavier de Paula Micaela Gabriela Rafaela Gonzaga
House Braganza
Father Pedro I of Brazil
Mother Maria Leopoldina of Austria
Religion Roman Catholic

Princess Januária of Brazil (Portuguese pronunciation: [ʒɐnuˈaɾiɐ mɐˈɾiɐ]; Januária Maria Joana Carlota Leopoldina Cândida Francisca Xavier de Paula Micaela Gabriela Rafaela Gonzaga;[1] 11 March 1822 – 13 March 1901) was a Brazilian princess and Portuguese infanta (princess). She was the second daughter of Pedro I of Brazil and IV of Portugal and his wife Maria Leopoldina, Archduchess of Austria.[1]

Background

Januária was born at the Imperial Palace in Rio de Janeiro a Brazilian princess and Infanta of Portugal.

Heiress and marriage

From 1835 until 1845, she held the title Princess Imperial of Brazil, as the heir presumptive of her brother Emperor Pedro II.[1] When her sister Maria was excluded from the Brazilian line of succession by law no. 91 of 30 October 1835, Januária became heir presumptive to the throne of the Empire of Brazil. Her younger brother Emperor Pedro II was then a minor, and consideration was given to declaring her Regent, though this never materialized. As only a Brazilian member of the Imperial house could inherit the throne, it became critically important for marriages to be arranged for Januária Maria, Pedro II, and their sister Francisca.[2]

Spouses for both Januária and Pedro II were found in the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. Her marriage to Prince Louis of the Two Sicilies, Count of Aquila (brother of Pedro II's new wife, Empress Teresa Cristina) was celebrated on 28 April 1844 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.[1] Her husband was a son of Francis I of the Two Sicilies and his second wife Maria Isabella of Spain.[1] Friction developed between the Count of Aquila and the Emperor, and Januária Maria and Aquila were eventually permitted to leave Brazil in October 1844. In 1845, Januária Maria's position as heir presumptive, and the restrictions it entailed, was lost with the birth of Pedro II's first child, Afonso, Prince Imperial of Brazil.[3]

The city of Januária in Minas Gerais was named in her honor. She died in Nice in 1901.

Children

Januária with her sons Luigi and Filippo, c. 1857.

Januária and Louis had four children:

Titles and styles

Ancestry

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Montgomery-Massingberd, Hugh, ed. (1977). Burke's Royal Families of the World, Volume 1: Europe & Latin America. London: Burke's Peerage. p. 49. ISBN 0-85011-023-8.
  2. ↑ Barman, Roderick J. (1999). Citizen Emperor: Pedro II and the Making of Brazil, 1825–1891. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. pp. 62, 75, 103. ISBN 0-8047-3510-7.
  3. ↑ Barman, Roderick J. (1999). Citizen Emperor: Pedro II and the Making of Brazil, 1825–1891. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. pp. 49, 106. ISBN 0-8047-3510-7.

Media related to Januária, Princess Imperial of Brazil at Wikimedia Commons

Princess Januária of Brazil
Cadet branch of the House of Aviz
Born: 11 March 1822 Died: 13 March 1901
Brazilian royalty
Preceded by
Maria II of Portugal		 Princess Imperial of Brazil
30 October 1835 – 23 February 1845 		Succeeded by
Prince Afonso
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