Wargli language
| Ouargli | |
|---|---|
| Twargrit | |
| Native to | Algeria |
| Region | Ouargla, N'Goussa |
Native speakers | 20,000 (2014)[1] |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 |
oua |
| Glottolog |
taga1278[2] |
|
Berber-speaking areas of the Mzab, Ouargla, and Oued Righ | |
Ouargli, or Teggargrent (also Twargrit, Təggəngusit), is a Zenati Berber language. It is spoken in the oases of Ouargla (Wargrən) and N'Goussa (Ingusa) in Algeria.
As of 1987, Ouargli had no more than 10,000 speakers.[3] Ethnologue estimated only 5,000 speakers as of 1995.[4]
There are some differences between the dialects of Ouargla (Təggargrənt) and N'Goussa (Təggəngusit), notably in the position of pronominal clitics; within Ouargla, there are minor differences between the three tribes At-Brahim, At-Sisin and At-Waggin.[5]
Speakers from Ouargla regard the varieties of Ouargla, N'Goussa, Tugurt/Temacine and Tumzabt/Mozabite, and possibly other Zenati varieties, as dialects of a single language they call Twargrit.[6] According to Delheure (1987:355), at Wargrən fəhhəmən d awəḥdi tawsint, "the Ouarglis understand Temacine very well."
The principal grammatical study is Biarnay (1908);[7] a less detailed sketch is provided in Basset (1893).[8] Its lexicon is fairly extensively documented in Delheure's (1987) dictionary[9] The bilingual texts in Biarnay and Basset are more recently supplemented by the texts on daily life in Delheure (1988)[10] and the folk tale collection in Delheure (1989);[11] the latter, unlike other work on Ouargli, includes texts from N'Goussa as well.
References
- ↑ Ouargli at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian, eds. (2016). "Tagargrent". Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- ↑ Delheure 1987:1
- ↑ http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=oua
- ↑ Delheure 1987:2
- ↑ Delheure 1988:20, 24; Delheure 1987:273
- ↑ S. Biarnay, 1908, Étude sur le dialecte berbère de Ouargla, Paris: Ernest Leroux
- ↑ René Basset, 1893, Étude sur la Zenatia du Mzab, de Ouargla et de l'Oued-Rir'. Paris: Ernest Leroux.
- ↑ Jean Delheure, 1987, Agerraw n iwalen teggargarent-tarumit / Dictionnaire ouargli-français, Paris: SELAF
- ↑ Jean Delheure, 1988, Vivre et mourir à Ouargla. Tameddurt t-Tmettant Wargren. Paris: SELAF
- ↑ Jean Delheure, 1989, Contes et légendes berbères de Ouargla : Tinfusin, Paris: Boîte à Documents
Bibliography
- René Basset, Étude sur la zénatia du Mzab, de Ouargla et de l'Oued-Rir', Paris, Leroux, 1893
- Samuel Biarnay, Étude sur le dialecte berbère de Ouargla, Alger, Leroux, 1908
- Jean Delheure, Dictionnaire Ouargli-Français (Index Ricapitulatif Français-Ouargli), Paris, SELAF, 1987 - ISBN 2-85297-197-6
- Jean Delheure, "Id akkaz ini id ahaji. Devinettes et énigmes de Ouargla (Sud Algérien)", Études et Documents Berbères 3 (1987), pp. 76–83 - ISSN 0295-5245
- Jean Delheure, Vivre et mourir à Ouargla / Tameddurt t-tmettant wargren, Paris, SELAF, 1988 - ISBN 2-85297-196-8
- Jean Delheure, "Baghdidis et l'Ogre. Saynète dans le parler de Ouargla", Études et Documents Berbères 4 (1988), pp. 103–115 - ISSN 0295-5245
- Jean Delheure, Contes et légendes berbères de Ouargla, Paris, La Boîte à Documents, 1989 - ISBN 2-906164-05-4
- Jean Delheure, "Izlan d id aghanni. Poésie et chants de Ouargla", Études et Documents Berbères 5 (1989), pp. 85–104 - ISSN 0295-5245
- Alain Romey, histoire, mémoire et sociétés, L'exemple de N'goussa: oasis berbérophone du Sahara (Ouargla), Paris-Alger, L'Harmattan-Awal, 1992 ISBN 2-7384-1579-2