Harriet Tubman Day

Harriet Tubman Day

Harriet Tubman
Observed by United States (New York)
Type (1) National observance
(2) New York State observance
(3) Liturgical (Episcopal Church in the United States of America)
Date March 10
Frequency annual

Harriet Tubman Day is an American holiday in honor of the anti-slavery activist Harriet Tubman, observed on March 10 nationally and in the U.S. state of New York. Observances also occur locally around the U.S. state of Maryland.

History

The holiday was approved as Public Law 101-252 by the 101st Congress in a joint resolution on March 13, 1990. The law was considered and passed by the U.S. Senate on March 6, 1990 and then was considered and passed through the U.S. House of Representatives on March 7, 1990.[1] U.S. President George H. W. Bush gave Proclamation 6107 on March 9, 1990 proclaiming the holiday.[2]

In February 1995, Christ Episcopal Church, Great Choptank Parish, in Cambridge, Maryland celebrated (via a "service of song and word") Tubman's nomination, the previous year, to the liturgical Calendar of Saints of the Episcopal Church. The parish is the home of Dorchester County's Harriet Tubman Coalition. Final approval of naming her a saint occurred at the 1997 General Convention,[3] and Tubman is now commemorated together with Amelia Bloomer, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, and Sojourner Truth in the calendar of saints of the Episcopal Church on July 20. The calendar of saints of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America remembers Tubman and Truth on March 10.

Observances by state

State Current local observances
Maryland The Governor of Maryland Larry Hogan issued a proclamation which was presented to be the U.S. Naval Academy.[4] A symposium is held on March 10 at the Harriet Tubman Byway.[5]
New York The holiday is a legal observance in the state. As of 2003,[6] the holiday was made official in the U.S. state of New York. The bill was sponsored by State Senator Michael F. Nozzolio, and was passed as Bill #A2087.[7][8][9]

In Auburn, New York, Mayor Michael D. Quill, Sr. issued an official proclamation.[10]

Origins

Harriet Tubman (photo H. B. Lindsley), c. 1870. A worker on the Underground Railroad, Tubman made 13 trips to the South, helping to free over 70 people. She led people to the northern free states and Canada. This helped Harriet Tubman gain the name "Moses of Her People".[11]

Harriet Tubman (born Araminta Ross; c. 1822[12] – March 10, 1913) was an American abolitionist, humanitarian, and an armed scout and spy for the United States Army during the American Civil War. Born into slavery, Tubman escaped and subsequently made some thirteen missions to rescue approximately seventy enslaved families and friends,[13] using the network of antislavery activists and safe houses known as the Underground Railroad. She later helped abolitionist John Brown recruit men for his raid on Harpers Ferry, and in the post-war era was an active participant in the struggle for women's suffrage.

Map of various Underground Railroad routes

When the Civil War began, Tubman worked for the Union Army, first as a cook and nurse, and then as an armed scout and spy. The first woman to lead an armed expedition in the war, she guided the raid at Combahee Ferry, which liberated more than 700 slaves. After the war, she retired to the family home on property she had purchased in 1859 in Auburn, New York, where she cared for her aging parents. She was active in the women's suffrage movement until illness overtook her and she had to be admitted to a home for elderly African-Americans that she had helped to establish years earlier. After she died in 1913, she became an icon of American courage and freedom.

See also

Other holidays honoring African Americans

Other holidays honoring women

External links

  1. ↑ "Harriet Tubman".
  2. ↑ "Proclamation 6107 - Harriet Tubman Day, 1990".
  3. ↑ Somerville, Frank P. L. (February 20, 1995). "Harriet Tubman honored as a saint". Baltimore Sun. Cambridge, MD.
  4. ↑ "USNA Midshipman Presents Governor's Harriet Tubman Day Proclamation".
  5. ↑ "Tubman Day Symposium Set for March 10th".
  6. ↑ "Harriet Tubman Day: March 10".
  7. ↑ "METRO NEWS BRIEFS: NEW YORK; Harriet Tubman Day Proposed as Holiday".
  8. ↑ "An act to amend the general construction law, in relation to the designation of Harriet Tubman day".
  9. ↑ "Senate Bill S2038".
  10. ↑ "City of Auburn honors March 10 as Harriet Tubman Day".
  11. ↑ Larson, p. xvii.
  12. ↑ Larson, p. 16.
  13. ↑ Larson, p. xvii.
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