Elections in Guatemala

Guatemala

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Elections in Guatemala include, on the national level, a head of state – the president – and a unicameral legislature. Guatemala's president and vice-president are elected on one ballot for a four-year term by the people.

The Congress of the Republic (Congreso de la República) has 158 members, elected for a four-year term, partially in multi-member departmental constituencies and partially by proportional representation both using the D'Hondt method.

Guatemala also elects deputies to the supranational Central American Parliament.

Political culture

Further information: List of political parties in Guatemala

Political parties in Guatemala are generally numerous and unstable. No party has won the presidency more than once. In every election period the majority of the parties are small and newly formed.

Schedule

Election

Position	2011	2012	2015
Type	Presidential (September) National Congress (September) Gubernatorial (September)	None	Presidential (September) National Congress (September) Gubernatorial (September)
President and vice president	President and vice president	None	President and vice president
National Congress	All seats	None	All seats
Provinces, cities and municipalities	All positions	None	All positions

Inauguration

Position	2012	2013	2016
Type	Presidential (January) National Congress (January) Gubernatorial (January)	None	Presidential (January) National Congress (January) Gubernatorial (January)
President and vice president	14 January	None	14 January
National Congress	14 January	None	14 January
Provinces, cities and municipalities	14 January	None	14 January

Last elections

Main article: Guatemalan general election, 2011

**Summary of the 11 September and 6 November 2011 Guatemalan presidential election result**
Candidates — Parties	1st round		2nd round
Candidates — Parties	Votes	%	Votes	%
Otto Pérez Molina — Patriotic Party (PP)	1,611,493	36.01%	2,300,979	53.74%
Manuel Baldizón — Renewed Democratic Liberty (LIDER)	1,038,287	23.20%	1,981,003	46.26%
Eduardo Suger — Commitment, Renovation and Order (CREO)	732,842	16.38%
Mario Estrada — National Change Union (UCN)	383,643	8.57%
Harold Caballeros — Vision with Values (VIVA) & Encounter for Guatemala (EG)	275,475	6.16%
Rigoberta Menchú — Broad Left Front— Winaq, Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity (URNG-MAIZ) & New Nation Alternative (ANN)	146,353	3.27%
Juan Gutiérrez — National Advancement Party (PAN)	123,648	2.76%
Patricia de Arzú — Unionist Party (PU)	97,381	2.18%
Alejandro Giammattei — Social Action Centre (CASA)	46,395	1.04%
Adela Camacho de Torrebiarte — Action of National Development (ADN)	19,038	0.43%
Valid votes	4,474,555	100.00%	4,281,982	100.00%
Blank votes	398,962		58,202
Invalid votes	219,713		124,934
Total votes (voter turnout: 69.38% / 60.83%)	5,093,230		4,465,118
Source: Tribunal Supremo Electoral^[1] Second round^[2]

**Summary of the 11 September 2011 Congress of the Republic of Guatemala election results**
Parties and alliances		Votes	%	+/–	Seats	+/–
	Patriotic Party (Partido Patriota, PP)	1,171,337	26.62%	+10.71	56	+26
	National Unity of Hope (Unidad Nacional de la Esperanza, UNE) Grand National Alliance (Gran Alianza Nacional, GANA)	993,198	22.57%	–16.57¹	48	–37²
	National Change Union (Union del Cambio Nacional, UCN)	417,935	9.50%	+5.44	14	+10
	Renewed Democratic Liberty (Libertad Democrática Renovada, LIDER)	390,319	8.87%	+8.87	14	+14
	Commitment, Renewal and Order (Compromiso, Renovación y Orden, CREO)	381,652	8.67%	+8.67	12	+12
	Vision with Values (Visión con Valores, VIVA) Encounter for Guatemala (Encuentro por Guatemala, EG)	346,557	7.87%	+1.70³	6	+2³
	Winaq Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity — Broad Left Movement (Unidad Revolucionaria Nacional Guatemalteca — Movimiento Amplio de Izquierda, URNG–MAIZ) Alternative New Nation (Alternativa Nueva Nación, ANN)	141,938	3.23%	–1.39⁴	3	+1⁵
	National Advancement Party (Partido de Avanzada Nacional, PAN)	137,390	3.12%	–1.46	2	–2
	Guatemalan Republican Front (Frente Republicano Guatemalteco, FRG)	120,455	2.74%	–7.06	1	–14
	Unionist Party (Partido Unionista, PU)	118,788	2.70%	–3.40	1	–7
	style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;" Victory (VICTORIA)	71,501	1.62%	+1.62	1	+1
	Social Action Centre (Centro de Acción Social, CASA)	47,390	1.08%	–3.81	–	–5
	National Development Action (Acción de Desarrollo Nacional, ADN)	39,251	0.89%	+0.89	–	±0
	National Convergence Front (Frente de Convergencia Nacional, FCN)	23,272	0.53%	+0.53	–	±0
Valid votes		4,400,983	100.00	—	158	—
Blank votes		351,659
Invalid votes		337,388
Total votes (turnout 69.34%)		5,090,030
Source: Supreme Electoral Tribunal of Guatemala (TSE) ² 2007: UNE – 48 seats; GANA – 37 seats. ³ 2007: only Encounter for Guatemala. ⁴ 2007: URNG-MAIZ and ANN as two separate parties. ⁵ 2007: only URNG-MAIZ.

2007 general election

Main article: Guatemalan general election, 2007

**Summary of the 9 September and 4 November 2007 Guatemalan presidential election results**
Candidates — Parties	1st round		2nd round
Candidates — Parties	Votes	%	Votes	%
Álvaro Colom — National Unity of Hope (UNE)	926,244	28.23%	1,449,153	52.82%
Otto Pérez Molina — Patriotic Party (PP)	771,175	23.51%	1,294,645	47.18%
Alejandro Giammattei — Grand National Alliance (GANA)	565,270	17.23%
Eduardo Suger — Social Action Centre (CASA)	244,448	7.45%
Luis Rabbé — Guatemalan Republican Front (FRG)	239,208	7.29%
Mario Estrada — National Change Union (UCN)	103,603	3.16%
Rigoberta Menchú — Encounter for Guatemala (EG)	101,316	3.09%
Fritz García Gallont — Unionist Party (PU)	95,743	2.92%
Óscar Castañeda — National Advancement Party (PAN)	83,826	2.56%
Miguel Ángel Sandoval — Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity–MAIZE (URNG–MAIZ)	70,080	2.14%
Manuel Conde Orellana — Democratic Union (UD)	24,971	0.76%
Pablo Monsanto — New Nation Alliance (ANN)	19,377	0.59%
Héctor Rosales — Authentic Integral Development (DIA)	18,819	0.57%
Vinicio Cerezo Blandón — Guatemalan Christian Democracy (DCG)	16,529	0.50%
Valid votes (turnout 60.5%/48.3%)	3,280,609	100.0%	2,743,798	100.0%
Blank votes	132,983		50,601
Invalid votes	208,260		101,214
Total votes	3,621,852		2,895,613
Source: Tribunal Supremo Electoral

**Summary of the 9 September 2007 Congress of the Republic of Guatemala election results**
Parties and alliances	Votes	%	+/–	Seats	+/–
National Unity of Hope (Unidad Nacional de la Esperanza, UNE)	721,988	22.81%	+4.4%	48	+16
Grand National Alliance (Gran Alianza Nacional, GANA)	522,480	16.51%	–7.8%¹	37	–10¹
Patriotic Party (Partido Patriota, PP)	503,442	15.91%	+15.9%¹	30	+30¹
Guatemalan Republican Front (Frente Republicano Guatemalteco, FRG)	310,038	9.80%	–9.9%	15	–28
Encounter for Guatemala (Encuentro por Guatemala, EG)	195,151	6.17%	+6.17%	4	+4
Unionist Party (Partido Unionista, PU)	192,983	6.10%	+0.7%	8	+1
Social Action Centre (Centro de Acción Social, CASA)	154,718	4.89%	+4.9%	5	+5
National Advancement Party (Partido de Avanzada Nacional, PAN)	144,910	4.58%	–6.3%	4	–13
National Change Union (Union del Cambio Nacional, UCN)	128,593	4.06%	+4.1%	4	+4
Guatemalan National Revolucionary Unity–MAIZE (Unidad Revolucionaria Nacional Guatemalteca–MAIZ, URNG–MAIZ)	103,480	3.27%	–0.9%	2	±0
Authentic Integral Development (Desarrollo Integral Auténtico, DIA)	45,142	1.43%	–1.6%	—	–1
Democratic Union (Unión Democrática, UD)	44,488	1.41%	–0.8%	1	–1
New National Alliance (Alianza Nueva Nación, ANN)	42,790	1.35%	–3.5%	—	–6
Front for Democracy (Frente por la Democracia, EL FRENTE)	28,798	0.91%	+0.9%	—	±0
Guatemalan Christian Democracy (Democracia Cristiana Guatemalteca, DCG)	26,190	0.83%	–2.4%	—	–1
Valid votes (turnout 60.5%)	3,165,191	100.0	—	158	—
Blank votes	212,615
Invalid votes	244,082
Total votes	3,621,888
Source: Tribunal Supremo Electoral and Prensa Libre ¹ In the 2003 election, the Patriotic Party was part of the Grand National Alliance, which has since become a party.

2003 general election

Main article: Guatemalan general election, 2003

2003 Presidential election

Summary of the 9 November and 28 December 2003 Guatemala presidential election results
Candidates — Parties	1st round		2nd round
Candidates — Parties	Votes	%	Votes	%
Óscar Berger Perdomo - Grand National Alliance	921,233	34.3	1,235,303	54.1
Álvaro Colom Caballeros - National Unity of Hope	707,578	26.4	1,046,868	45.9
Efraín Ríos Montt - Guatemalan Republican Front	518,328	19.3
Leonel López Rodas - National Advancement Party	224,127	8.4
Fritz García-Gallont Bischof - Unionist Party	80,943	3.0
Rodrigo Asturias - Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity	69,297	2.6
Eduardo Suger - Authentic Integral Development	59,774	2.2
Jacobo Arbenz Vilanova - Guatemalan Christian Democracy	42,186	1.6
José Angel Lee - Social Participative Democracy	37,505	1.4
Fransisco Arredondo Mendoza - National Union	11,979	0.4
Manuel Conde Orellana - Social and Political Movement National Change	10,829	0.4
Total (turnout 45.8 %)	2,937,169	100.0	2,282,171	100.0
Valid votes	2,683,779		2,190,873
Blank votes	114,004		24,192
Void/Spoilt/invalid	139,384		67,106
Source: Tribunal Supremo Electoral

2003 Parliamentary election

Summary of the 9 November 2003 Congress of the Republic of Guatemala election results
Parties and alliances	Votes	%	Seats
Grand National Alliance (Gran Alianza Nacional) Patriotic Party (Partido Patriota) Reform Movement (Movimiento Reformador) National Solidarity Party (Partido Solidaridad Nacional)	620,121	24.3	47
Guatemalan Republican Front (Frente Republicano Guatemalteco)	502,470	19.7	43
National Unity of Hope (Unidad Nacional de la Esperanza)	457,308	18.4	32
National Advancement Party (Partido de Avanzada Nacional)	278,393	10.9	17
Unionist Party (Partido Unionista)	138,713	5.4	7
New National Alliance (Alianza Nueva Nación)	123,853	4.9	6
Guatemalan National Revolucionary Unity (Unidad Revolucionaria Nacional Guatemalteca)	107,276	4.2	2
Guatemalan Christian Democracy (Democracia Cristiana Guatemalteca)	82,324	3.2	1
Authentic Integral Development (Desarrollo Integral Auténtico)	75,295	3.0	1
Democratic Union (Unión Democrática)	55,793	2.2	2
Social Participative Democracy (Democracia Social Participativa)	28,425	1.1	-
Transparency (Transparencia)	27,740	1.1	-
Total (turnout 57.8 %)	2,552,374	100.0	158
Invalid and blank votes	446,491
Registered voters	5,073,282
Source: Supreme Electoral Tribunal

Past elections

Elections and referendums in Guatemala

Presidential elections	1873 1880 1898 1904 1910 1916 1920 (Apr) 1920 (Aug) 1922 1926 1931 1941 1944 1950 1957 1958 1966 1970 1974 1978 1982 1985 1990–91 1993 1995–96 1999 2003 2007 2011 2015

Parliamentary elections	1873 1880 1923 1925 1926 1927 1929 1931 1935 1944 (Oct) 1944 (Nov) 1944 (Dec) 1947 1948 1950 1953 1954 1955 1957 1958 1959 1961 1964 1966 1970 1974 1978 1982 1984 1985 1990 1994 1995 1999 2003 2007 2011 2015

Referendums	1935 1954 1994 1999

See also: Elections in the Federal Republic of Central America

References

↑ Tribunal Supremo Electoral (27-09-2011) Acuerdo No. 1319-2011 - Resultados oficiales. Consulted: 2011-09-29.
↑ Tribunal Supremo Electoral. (01/12/2011) Segunda Elección Presidencial. Resultados preliminares. Consulted: 2011-12-01

External links

Adam Carr's Election Archive

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