Detroit–Superior Bridge

Detroit–Superior Bridge

The Detroit–Superior Bridge from west bank of the Flats
Coordinates 41°29′38″N 81°42′13″W / 41.493843°N 81.70365°W / 41.493843; -81.70365 (Detroit–Superior Bridge)Coordinates: 41°29′38″N 81°42′13″W / 41.493843°N 81.70365°W / 41.493843; -81.70365 (Detroit–Superior Bridge)
Carries US 6 / US 20 / US 42 / SR 3
Crosses Cuyahoga River
Locale Cleveland, Ohio
ID number 1800930
Characteristics
Design Through arch bridge
Total length 3,112 foot (949 meter)
Height 196 feet (60 meters)
Longest span 189 m
Clearance below 96 feet (29 meters)
History
Construction begin 1914
Construction end 1917
Opened 1918
Detroit-Superior High Level Bridge

The Detroit-Superior Bridge in 1978
Location Over Cuyahoga River Valley, between Detroit Ave. and Superior Ave., Cleveland, Ohio
Coordinates 41°29′39″N 81°42′9″W / 41.49417°N 81.70250°W / 41.49417; -81.70250
Area 5.4 acres (2.2 ha)
Built 1917
Architect Lea,A.B.; Lander,Frank R.
Architectural style Double-deck bridge
NRHP Reference # 74001437[1]
Added to NRHP January 18, 1974

The Detroit–Superior Bridge (officially known as the Veterans Memorial Bridge) is a 3,112 foot (949 meter) long through arch bridge over the Cuyahoga River in Cleveland, Ohio. The bridge links Detroit Avenue on Cleveland's west side and Superior Avenue on Cleveland's east side, terminating west of Public Square. Construction by the King Bridge Company began in 1914 and completed in 1918, at a cost of $5.4 million. It was the first fixed high level bridge in Cleveland, and the third high level bridge above the Cuyahoga (the first was the Old Superior Viaduct and the second the Central Viaduct, also built by the King Company). At its completion, the bridge was the largest steel and concrete reinforced bridge in the world.

Specifications

The Detroit–Superior Bridge in August 2015

The high level bridge starts on the east at the center line of West 9th Street and Superior, and extends across the Cuyahoga Valley to the junction of West 25th Street and Detroit Avenue. It is 3,112 feet (949 m) long. The total cost, including the land and a right of way, was $5,407,000, split as $1,687,200 was for land and $3,719,800 for the superstructure.[2]

The bridge has 96 feet (29 m) of clearance above the river, and rises to 196 feet (60 m) above the river at the peak of the central span. The original construction included a main deck 75 feet (23 m) wide, with two 15 feet (4.6 m) sidewalks and a 45 feet (14 m) roadway. While the bridge's upper level is for road traffic, the lower level was intended for streetcars. It was built with four sets of these tracks, leaving room for two more, if needed.[2]

The structure includes 12 concrete arches and one steel span. The steel span is 591 feet (180 m) long and crosses the Cuyahoga River. The steel span cost $646,747. About 2,123,300 cubic yards (1,623,400 m3) of concrete and 9,385,000 pounds (4,257,000 kg) of reinforcing steel were used in the construction of the arches.[2] The concrete piles used in the foundation work, if placed end to end, would extend a distance of 28 miles (45 km). Each end of the structure has underground streetcar stations for the trams that operated on the lower deck.

Modifications

With the closure of the streetcar operations, the subway level became unused. In November 1955, ramps to the lower level were closed. The Detroit–Superior Bridge remained a bottleneck during rush hour. A two-year renovation completed in May 1969 added two traffic lanes by narrowing existing sidewalks from 15 to 5 feet and cantilevering the new lanes outside the central arch.[3]

On November 11, 1989 (Veterans Day), the bridge was renamed the Veterans Memorial Bridge.[3] It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on January 18, 1974.

In 2003, Cuyahoga County Commissioners approved the conversion of the two outside traffic lanes for pedestrian and bicycle use.[4] The lower level and subway station are opened to the public for tours a few times per year, typically around Memorial Day, Labor Day, and for the Cleveland Ingenuity Festival. Self-guided tours are free of charge.[5]

See also

References

  1. ↑ National Park Service (2009-03-13). "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service.
  2. 1 2 3 Bridges of Cleveland and Cuyahoga County, 1918; THE NEW DETROIT-SUPERIOR HIGH LEVEL BRIDGE; Stanley L. McMichael; pg 7-10
  3. 1 2 "Encyclopedia of Cleveland History: VETERANS MEMORIAL BRIDGE". cwru.edu.
  4. ↑ "GreenCityBlueLake - Sustainability in Northeast Ohio at The Cleveland Museum of Natural History". ecocitycleveland.org.
  5. ↑ Veterans Memorial Bridge and Subway Tours, Cuyahoga County Engineer's Office. Accessed 2007-07-24.
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