Demographics of Argentina
Demographics of Argentina | |
---|---|
Population of Argentina, 1961–2010 | |
Population | 42,192,500[1] |
Growth rate | 1.036% (2010 est.)[2] |
Birth rate | 17.75 births/1,000 population (2010 est.) |
Death rate | 7.39 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.) |
Life expectancy | 77.14 years |
• male | 73.9 years |
• female | 80.54 years (2012 est.) |
Fertility rate | 2.29 children born/woman (2012 est.) |
Infant mortality rate | 10.52 deaths/1,000 live births |
Net migration rate | 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2012 est.) |
Age structure | |
0–14 years | 25.2% (male 5,450,679/ female 5,200,704) |
15–64 years | 63.6% (male 13,400,997/ female 13,440,948) |
65 and over | 11.1% (male 1,940,810/ female 2,758,356) (2012 est.) |
Sex ratio | |
Total | 0.97 male(s)/female (2011 est.) |
At birth | 1.05 male(s)/female |
Under 15 | 1.05 male(s)/female |
15–64 years | 1 male(s)/female |
65 and over | 0.7 male(s)/female |
Nationality | |
Nationality | Argentine |
Language | |
Official | Spanish language |
Spoken | English, Italian, German, Welsh, Yiddish, Portuguese, Guarani, Quechua, Mapudungun and many others are also spoken varying by region |
This article is about the demographic features of Argentina, including population density, ethnicity, economic status and other aspects of the population.
In the 2001 census [INDEC], Argentina had a population of 36,260,130 inhabitants, and preliminary results from the 2010 census [INDEC] census were of 40,091,359 inhabitants.[3][4] Argentina ranks third in South America in total population and 33rd globally. Population density is of 15 persons per square kilometer of land area, well below the world average of 50 persons. The population growth rate in 2008 was estimated to be 0.92% annually, with a birth rate of 16.32 live births per 1,000 inhabitants and a mortality rate of 7.54 deaths per 1,000 inhabitants.
The proportion of people under 15, at 24.6%, is somewhat below the world average (28%), and the cohort of people 65 and older is relatively high, at 10.8%. The percentage of senior citizens in Argentina has long been second only to Uruguay in Latin America and well above the world average, which is currently 7%.
Argentina's population has long had one of Latin America's lowest birth rates and population growth rates (recently, about 1% a year), but it enjoys a comparatively low infant mortality rate. The median age is approximately 30 years and life expectancy at birth is of 76 years. According to an official cultural consumption survey conducted in 2006, 42.3% of Argentines speak English (though only 15.4% of those claimed to have a high level of English comprehension), 8.3% speak Portuguese[5] and 6.9% speak Italian.[6]
Ethnic groups
Population
According to the 2010 revision of the World Population Prospects the total population was 40,412,000 in 2010, compared to only 17,150,000 in 1950. The proportion of children below the age of 15 in 2010 was 24.9%, 64.5% was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 10.6% was 65 years or older .[8]
![](../I/m/Argentina_population_pyramid_2009.svg.png)
Total population (× 1000) |
Proportion aged 0–14 (%) |
Proportion aged 15–64 (%) |
Proportion aged 65+ (%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
1950 | 17 150 | 30.5 | 65.3 | 4.2 |
1955 | 18 929 | 30.7 | 64.4 | 4.8 |
1960 | 20 619 | 30.7 | 63.7 | 5.5 |
1965 | 22 283 | 30.2 | 63.7 | 6.2 |
1970 | 23 973 | 29.3 | 63.8 | 6.9 |
1975 | 26 067 | 29.2 | 63.3 | 7.5 |
1980 | 28 106 | 30.3 | 61.5 | 8.2 |
1985 | 30 389 | 30.8 | 60.6 | 8.6 |
1990 | 32 730 | 30.6 | 60.4 | 9.0 |
1995 | 34 995 | 29.1 | 61.4 | 9.5 |
2000 | 37 057 | 27.9 | 62.2 | 9.9 |
2005 | 39 145 | 26.9 | 63.0 | 10.1 |
2010 | 41 223 | 25.8 | 63.8 | 10.4 |
2015 | 43 417 | 25.1 | 64.0 | 10.9 |
Structure of the population[9]
Structure of the population (01.07.2010 ) (Estimates- Data refer to projections based on 2001 Population Census):
Age Group | Male | Female | Total | % |
---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 19,846,671 | 20,672,280 | 40,518,951 | 100 |
0–4 | 1,740,485 | 1,679,188 | 3,419,673 | 8.44 |
5–9 | 1,689,364 | 1,632,628 | 3,321,992 | 8.20 |
10–14 | 1,735,344 | 1,679,302 | 3,414,646 | 8.43 |
15–19 | 1,751,386 | 1,698,173 | 3,449,559 | 8.51 |
20–24 | 1,697,550 | 1,652,173 | 3,349,723 | 8.27 |
25–29 | 1,618,705 | 1,591,188 | 3,209,903 | 7.92 |
30–34 | 1,628,149 | 1,620,658 | 3,248,807 | 8.02 |
35–39 | 1,353,587 | 1,358,431 | 2,712,018 | 6.69 |
40–44 | 1,179,076 | 1,194,181 | 2,373,257 | 5.86 |
45–49 | 1,093,940 | 1,131,951 | 2,225,891 | 5.49 |
50–54 | 991,757 | 1,076,899 | 2,068,656 | 5.11 |
55–59 | 906,470 | 996,927 | 1,903,397 | 4.70 |
60–64 | 760,092 | 867,044 | 1,627,136 | 4.02 |
65–69 | 602,756 | 726,318 | 1,329,074 | 3.28 |
70–74 | 456,960 | 614,371 | 1,071,331 | 2.64 |
75–79 | 331,313 | 513,715 | 845,028 | 2.09 |
80+ | 309,737 | 639,123 | 948,860 | 2.34 |
Age group | Male | Female | Total | Percent |
---|---|---|---|---|
0–14 | 5,165,193 | 4,991,118 | 10,156,311 | 25.07 |
15–64 | 12,980,712 | 13,187,635 | 26,168,347 | 64.58 |
65+ | 1,700,766 | 2,493,527 | 4,194,293 | 10.35 |
Structure of the population (01.07.2013) (Estimates) :
Age Group | Male | Female | Total | % |
---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 20,409,830 | 21,250,587 | 41,660,417 | 100 |
0–4 | 1,749,655 | 1,687,476 | 3,437,131 | 8.25 |
5–9 | 1,715,945 | 1,657,086 | 3,373,031 | 8.10 |
10–14 | 1,700,757 | 1,645,030 | 3,345,787 | 8.03 |
15–19 | 1,744,462 | 1,690,668 | 3,435,130 | 8.25 |
20–24 | 1,730,871 | 1,683,204 | 3,414,075 | 8.20 |
25–29 | 1,656,747 | 1,621,991 | 3,278,738 | 7.87 |
30–34 | 1,622,019 | 1,607,268 | 3,229,287 | 7.75 |
35–39 | 1,524,110 | 1,527,463 | 3,051,573 | 7.32 |
40–44 | 1,261,322 | 1,275,243 | 2,536,565 | 6.09 |
45–49 | 1,124,926 | 1,154,104 | 2,279,030 | 5.47 |
50–54 | 1,032,385 | 1,099,746 | 2,132,131 | 5.12 |
55–59 | 929,866 | 1,033,655 | 1,963,521 | 4.71 |
60–64 | 811,871 | 927,818 | 1,739,689 | 4.18 |
65–69 | 646,847 | 782,142 | 1,428,989 | 3.43 |
70–74 | 484,152 | 642,176 | 1,126,328 | 2.70 |
75–79 | 340,769 | 524,101 | 864,870 | 2.08 |
80+ | 333,126 | 691,416 | 1,024,542 | 2.46 |
Age group | Male | Female | Total | Percent |
---|---|---|---|---|
0–14 | 5,166,357 | 4,989,592 | 10,155,949 | 24.38 |
15–64 | 13,438,579 | 13,621,160 | 27,059,739 | 64.95 |
65+ | 1,804,894 | 2,639,835 | 4,444,729 | 10.67 |
Cities
Argentina is highly urbanized,[2] with the ten largest metropolitan areas accounting for half of the population, and fewer than one in ten living in rural areas. About 3 million people live in Buenos Aires proper, and the Greater Buenos Aires metropolitan area totals around 13 million, making it one of the largest urban areas in the world.[10] The metropolitan areas of Córdoba and Rosario have around 1.3 million inhabitants each,[10] and six other cities (Mendoza, Tucumán, La Plata, Mar del Plata, Salta and Santa Fe)[10][11] have at least half a million people each.
The population is unequally distributed amongst the provinces, with about 60% living in the Pampa region (21% of the total area), including 15 million people in Buenos Aires Province, and 3 million each in Córdoba Province, Santa Fe Province and the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires. Seven other provinces each have about one million people: Mendoza, Tucumán, Entre Ríos, Salta, Chaco, Corrientes and Misiones. Tucumán is the most densely populated (with 60 inhabitants/km², the only Argentine province more densely populated than the world average), while the southern province of Santa Cruz has less than 1 inhabitant/km².
In the mid-19th century, a large wave of immigration started to arrive to Argentina due to new Constitutional policies that encouraged immigration, and issues in the countries the immigrants came from such as wars, poverty, hunger, famines, pursuit of a better life, among other reasons. The main immigration sources were from Europe, the countries from the Near and Middle East, Russia and Japan. In fact, the immigration torrent was so strong that Argentina eventually received the second-largest number of immigrants in the world, second only to the US and ahead of such immigration receptor countries such as Canada, Brazil, Australia, etc.[12][13]
Most of these European immigrants settled in the cities which offered jobs, education and other opportunities enabling them to enter the middle class. Many also settled in the growing small towns along the expanding railway system and since the 1930s many rural workers have moved to the big cities.[14] Urban areas reflect the influence of European immigration, and most of the larger ones feature boulevards and diagonal avenues inspired by the redevelopment of Paris. Argentine cities were originally built in a colonial Spanish grid style, centered on a plaza overlooked by a cathedral and important government buildings. Many still retain this general layout, known as a damero, meaning checkerboard, since it is based on a pattern of square blocks. The city of La Plata, designed at the end of the 19th century by Pedro Benoit, combines the checkerboard layout with added diagonal avenues at fixed intervals, and was the first in South America with electric street illumination.[15]
Largest cities
| |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rank | Name | Province | Pop. | Rank | Name | Province | Pop. | ||
![]() Buenos Aires ![]() Córdoba |
1 | Buenos Aires | (Autonomous city) | 13,834,000 | 11 | Resistencia | Chaco | 409,000 | Rosario ![]() Mendoza |
2 | Córdoba | Córdoba | 1,519,000 | 12 | Santiago del Estero | Santiago del Estero | 406,000 | ||
3 | Rosario | Santa Fe | 1,429,000 | 13 | Corrientes | Corrientes | 383,000 | ||
4 | Mendoza | Mendoza | 1,082,000 | 14 | Posadas | Misiones | 355,000 | ||
5 | Tucumán | Tucumán | 868,000 | 15 | San Salvador de Jujuy | Jujuy | 338,000 | ||
6 | La Plata | Buenos Aires | 836,000 | 16 | Neuquén | Neuquén | 309,000 | ||
7 | Mar del Plata | Buenos Aires | 633,000 | 17 | Bahía Blanca | Buenos Aires | 307,000 | ||
8 | Salta | Salta | 625,000 | 18 | Paraná | Entre Ríos | 274,000 | ||
9 | Santa Fe | Santa Fe | 530,000 | 19 | Formosa | Formosa | 258,000 | ||
10 | San Juan | San Juan | 513,000 | 20 | San Luis | San Luis | 218,000 |
Provinces and districts
Flag | Province/District | Capital | Official Language | Population (2010)[17] | Rank | Area (km²) | Rank | Density (/km²)[17] | Rank |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
![]() |
Buenos Aires City | – | 2,891,082 | 4 | 203 | 24 | 14,241.8 | 1 | |
![]() |
Buenos Aires Province | La Plata | 15,594,428 | 1 | 307,571 | 1 | 50.7 | 3 | |
![]() |
Catamarca Province | San Fernando del Valle de Catamarca | 367,820 | 20 | 102,602 | 11 | 3.6 | 20 | |
![]() |
Chaco Province | Resistencia | 1,053,466 | 10 | 99,633 | 12 | 10.6 | 11 | |
![]() |
Chubut Province | Rawson | Spanish, Welsh | 506,668 | 18 | 224,686 | 3 | 2.3 | 22 |
![]() |
Córdoba Province | Córdoba | 3,304,825 | 2 | 165,321 | 5 | 20.0 | 6 | |
![]() |
Corrientes Province | Corrientes | Spanish, Guaraní | 993,338 | 11 | 88,199 | 16 | 11.3 | 10 |
![]() |
Entre Ríos Province | Paraná | 1,236,300 | 7 | 78,781 | 17 | 15.7 | 7 | |
![]() |
Formosa Province | Formosa | 527,895 | 17 | 72,066 | 19 | 7.3 | 14 | |
![]() |
Jujuy Province | San Salvador de Jujuy | 672,260 | 14 | 53,219 | 20 | 12.6 | 8 | |
![]() |
La Pampa Province | Santa Rosa | 316,940 | 22 | 143,440 | 8 | 2.2 | 23 | |
![]() |
La Rioja Province | La Rioja | 331,847 | 21 | 89,680 | 14 | 3.7 | 19 | |
![]() |
Mendoza Province | Mendoza | 1,741,610 | 5 | 148,827 | 7 | 11.7 | 9 | |
![]() |
Misiones Province | Posadas | 1,097,829 | 9 | 29,801 | 21 | 36.8 | 4 | |
![]() |
Neuquén Province | Neuquén | 550,334 | 16 | 94,078 | 13 | 5.8 | 17 | |
![]() |
Río Negro Province | Viedma | 633,374 | 15 | 203,013 | 4 | 3.1 | 21 | |
![]() |
Salta Province | Salta | 1,215,207 | 8 | 155,488 | 6 | 7.8 | 12 | |
![]() |
San Juan Province | San Juan | 680,427 | 13 | 89,651 | 15 | 7.6 | 13 | |
![]() |
San Luis Province | San Luis | 431,588 | 19 | 76,748 | 18 | 5.6 | 18 | |
![]() |
Santa Cruz Province | Río Gallegos | 272,524 | 23 | 243,943 | 2 | 1.1 | 24 | |
![]() |
Santa Fe Province | Santa Fe de la Vera Cruz | 3,200,736 | 3 | 133,007 | 10 | 24.1 | 5 | |
![]() |
Santiago del Estero Province | Santiago del Estero | 896,461 | 12 | 136,351 | 9 | 6.6 | 15 | |
![]() |
Tierra del Fuego Province | Ushuaia | 126,190 | 24 | 21,263a | 23 | 5.8a | 16 | |
![]() |
Tucumán Province | San Miguel de Tucumán | 1,448,200 | 6 | 22,524 | 22 | 64.3 | 2 |
a Not including claims to the Falkland Islands and the Argentine Antarctica.
Vital statistics
The table below gives an overview of the number of birth and deaths in Argentina during the past century. Several sources were combined to construct the table.[18][19][20] The number of births in 2010 (756,176) was the highest number ever recorded. The number of deaths in 2010 also was the highest ever record. However, as the population of Argentina showed a sixfold increase during the past century, the birth and death rates in 2010 (18.7 and 7.9, respectively) were rather low in a historical perspective.
Average population (x 1000) |
Live births | Deaths | Natural change | Crude birth rate (per 1000) |
Crude death rate (per 1000) |
Natural change (per 1000) |
Fertility rates | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1910 | 6 800 | 260 000 | 129 000 | 131 000 | 38.3 | 18.9 | 19.4 | |
1911 | 7 070 | 268 000 | 129 000 | 139 000 | 37.9 | 18.2 | 19.7 | |
1912 | 7 470 | 288 000 | 127 000 | 161 000 | 38.6 | 17.0 | 21.6 | |
1913 | 7 840 | 298 000 | 127 000 | 171 000 | 38.0 | 16.2 | 21.8 | |
1914 | 8 000 | 294 000 | 123 000 | 171 000 | 36.7 | 15.4 | 21.3 | |
1915 | 8 150 | 288 000 | 129 000 | 159 000 | 35.3 | 15.8 | 19.5 | |
1916 | 8 300 | 293 000 | 142 000 | 151 000 | 35.3 | 17.1 | 18.2 | |
1917 | 8 450 | 284 000 | 136 000 | 148 000 | 33.6 | 16.1 | 17.5 | |
1918 | 8 600 | 283 000 | 157 000 | 126 000 | 32.9 | 18.2 | 14.7 | |
1919 | 8 750 | 286 000 | 161 000 | 125 000 | 32.7 | 18.4 | 14.3 | |
1920 | 8 970 | 290 000 | 139 000 | 151 000 | 32.3 | 15.5 | 16.8 | |
1921 | 9 220 | 302 000 | 146 000 | 156 000 | 32.8 | 15.8 | 17.0 | |
1922 | 9 520 | 315 000 | 133 000 | 182 000 | 33.1 | 14.0 | 19.1 | |
1923 | 9 890 | 336 000 | 146 000 | 190 000 | 34.0 | 14.8 | 19.2 | |
1924 | 10 220 | 335 000 | 146 000 | 189 000 | 32.8 | 14.3 | 18.5 | |
1925 | 10 500 | 334 000 | 148 000 | 186 000 | 31.8 | 14.1 | 17.7 | |
1926 | 10 800 | 337 000 | 147 000 | 190 000 | 31.2 | 13.6 | 17.6 | |
1927 | 11 130 | 342 000 | 157 000 | 185 000 | 30.7 | 14.1 | 16.6 | |
1928 | 11 440 | 352 000 | 151 000 | 201 000 | 30.8 | 13.2 | 17.6 | |
1929 | 11 750 | 355 000 | 162 000 | 193 000 | 30.2 | 13.8 | 16.4 | |
1930 | 12 050 | 355 000 | 153 000 | 202 000 | 29.5 | 12.7 | 16.8 | |
1931 | 12 290 | 350 000 | 156 000 | 194 000 | 28.5 | 12.7 | 15.8 | |
1932 | 12 520 | 352 000 | 139 000 | 213 000 | 28.1 | 11.1 | 17.0 | |
1933 | 12 730 | 332 000 | 150 000 | 182 000 | 26.1 | 11.8 | 14.3 | |
1934 | 12 940 | 319 661 | 143 065 | 176 596 | 24.7 | 11.1 | 13.6 | |
1935 | 13 150 | 322 002 | 162 768 | 159 234 | 24.5 | 12.4 | 12.1 | |
1936 | 13 370 | 318 651 | 150 092 | 168 559 | 23.8 | 11.2 | 12.6 | |
1937 | 13 610 | 319 024 | 154 275 | 164 749 | 23.4 | 11.3 | 12.1 | |
1938 | 14 202 | 325 412 | 161 555 | 163 857 | 22.9 | 11.4 | 11.5 | |
1939 | 14 397 | 329 393 | 149 153 | 180 240 | 22.9 | 10.4 | 12.5 | |
1940 | 14 591 | 339 029 | 151 856 | 187 173 | 23.2 | 10.4 | 12.8 | |
1941 | 14 796 | 340 339 | 148 947 | 191 392 | 23.0 | 10.1 | 12.9 | |
1942 | 15 004 | 338 199 | 150 030 | 188 169 | 22.5 | 10.0 | 12.5 | |
1943 | 15 216 | 358 977 | 150 166 | 208 811 | 23.6 | 9.9 | 13.7 | |
1944 | 15 441 | 380 950 | 154 093 | 226 857 | 24.7 | 10.0 | 14.7 | |
1945 | 15 674 | 388 191 | 157 785 | 230 406 | 24.8 | 10.1 | 14.7 | |
1946 | 15 912 | 387 496 | 149 895 | 237 601 | 24.4 | 9.4 | 14.9 | |
1947 | 16 109 | 398 468 | 158 059 | 240 409 | 24.7 | 9.7 | 15.0 | |
1948 | 16 284 | 413 132 | 152 648 | 260 484 | 25.4 | 9.4 | 16.0 | |
1949 | 16 671 | 419 656 | 150 604 | 269 052 | 25.2 | 9.0 | 16.1 | |
1950 | 17 150 | 438 766 | 154 540 | 284 226 | 25.6 | 9.0 | 16.6 | |
1951 | 17 506 | 444 326 | 156 406 | 287 920 | 25.4 | 9.0 | 16.5 | |
1952 | 17 865 | 446 156 | 153 887 | 292 269 | 25.0 | 8.6 | 16.4 | |
1953 | 18 224 | 459 734 | 162 217 | 297 517 | 25.3 | 8.9 | 16.4 | |
1954 | 18 580 | 457 559 | 156 347 | 301 212 | 24.6 | 8.4 | 16.2 | |
1955 | 18 931 | 461 293 | 167 357 | 293 936 | 24.4 | 8.8 | 15.5 | |
1956 | 19 277 | 474 142 | 161 321 | 312 821 | 24.6 | 8.4 | 16.2 | |
1957 | 19 618 | 478 368 | 179 578 | 298 790 | 24.4 | 9.2 | 15.2 | |
1958 | 19 955 | 472 865 | 166 235 | 306 630 | 23.7 | 8.3 | 15.4 | |
1959 | 20 291 | 476 211 | 173 409 | 302 802 | 23.5 | 8.5 | 14.9 | |
1960 | 20 625 | 473 038 | 179 266 | 293 772 | 22.9 | 8.7 | 14.2 | |
1961 | 20 961 | 476 259 | 176 477 | 299 782 | 22.7 | 8.4 | 14.3 | |
1962 | 21 297 | 490 414 | 184 013 | 306 401 | 23.0 | 8.6 | 14.4 | |
1963 | 21 633 | 491 109 | 187 492 | 303 617 | 22.7 | 8.7 | 14.0 | |
1964 | 21 966 | 496 256 | 193 141 | 303 115 | 22.6 | 8.8 | 13.8 | |
1965 | 22 297 | 481 814 | 196 467 | 285 347 | 21.6 | 8.8 | 12.8 | |
1966 | 22 622 | 479 396 | 194 450 | 284 946 | 21.2 | 8.6 | 12.6 | |
1967 | 22 945 | 480 317 | 195 265 | 285 052 | 20.9 | 8.5 | 12.4 | |
1968 | 23 273 | 493 354 | 213 313 | 280 041 | 21.2 | 9.2 | 12.0 | |
1969 | 23 617 | 580 699 | 222 937 | 357 762 | 24.6 | 9.4 | 15.2 | |
1970 | 23 983 | 544 521 | 222 113 | 322 408 | 22.7 | 9.3 | 13.5 | |
1971 | 24 376 | 564 787 | 225 000 | 339 787 | 23.2 | 9.2 | 14.0 | |
1972 | 24 792 | 559 398 | 228 000 | 331 398 | 22.6 | 9.2 | 13.4 | |
1973 | 25 222 | 561 500 | 231 000 | 330 500 | 22.3 | 9.2 | 13.1 | |
1974 | 25 654 | 590 000 | 234 000 | 356 000 | 23.0 | 9.1 | 13.9 | |
1975 | 26 079 | 620 000 | 237 000 | 383 000 | 23.8 | 9.1 | 14.7 | |
1976 | 26 493 | 656 768 | 240 764 | 416 004 | 24.8 | 9.1 | 15.7 | |
1977 | 26 899 | 661 222 | 234 430 | 426 792 | 24.6 | 8.7 | 15.9 | |
1978 | 27 303 | 665 000 | 233 482 | 431 518 | 24.4 | 8.6 | 15.8 | |
1979 | 27 712 | 647 864 | 234 926 | 412 938 | 23.4 | 8.5 | 14.9 | |
1980 | 28 131 | 697 775 | 241 125 | 456 650 | 24.8 | 8.6 | 16.3 | |
1981 | 28 562 | 680 292 | 241 904 | 438 388 | 23.8 | 8.5 | 15.4 | |
1982 | 29 001 | 663 429 | 234 926 | 428 503 | 22.9 | 8.1 | 14.8 | |
1983 | 29 448 | 655 876 | 233 071 | 422 805 | 22.3 | 7.9 | 14.4 | |
1984 | 29 900 | 635 323 | 255 591 | 379 732 | 21.3 | 8.6 | 12.7 | |
1985 | 30 354 | 650 783 | 241 377 | 409 406 | 21.5 | 8.0 | 13.5 | |
1986 | 30 811 | 675 388 | 241 004 | 434 384 | 22.0 | 7.8 | 14.1 | |
1987 | 31 270 | 668 136 | 249 882 | 418 254 | 21.4 | 8.0 | 13.4 | |
1988 | 31 729 | 680 605 | 254 953 | 425 652 | 21.5 | 8.1 | 13.5 | |
1989 | 32 187 | 667 058 | 252 302 | 414 756 | 20.8 | 7.9 | 12.9 | |
1990 | 32 642 | 678 644 | 259 683 | 418 961 | 20.9 | 8.0 | 12.9 | |
1991 | 33 094 | 694 776 | 255 609 | 439 167 | 21.0 | 7.7 | 13.3 | |
1992 | 33 540 | 678 761 | 262 287 | 416 474 | 20.2 | 7.8 | 12.4 | |
1993 | 33 982 | 667 518 | 267 286 | 400 232 | 19.6 | 7.9 | 11.8 | |
1994 | 34 420 | 673 787 | 257 431 | 416 356 | 19.6 | 7.5 | 12.1 | |
1995 | 34 855 | 658 735 | 268 997 | 389 738 | 18.9 | 7.7 | 11.2 | |
1996 | 35 287 | 675 437 | 268 715 | 406 722 | 19.1 | 7.6 | 11.5 | |
1997 | 35 715 | 692 357 | 270 910 | 421 447 | 19.4 | 7.6 | 11.8 | |
1998 | 36 135 | 683 301 | 280 180 | 403 121 | 18.9 | 7.8 | 11.2 | |
1999 | 36 541 | 686 748 | 289 543 | 397 205 | 18.8 | 7.9 | 10.9 | |
2000 | 36 931 | 701 878 | 277 148 | 424 730 | 19.0 | 7.5 | 11.5 | |
2001 | 37 302 | 683 495 | 285 941 | 397 554 | 18.3 | 7.7 | 10.7 | |
2002 | 37 657 | 694 684 | 291 190 | 403 494 | 18.4 | 7.7 | 10.7 | |
2003 | 38 001 | 697 952 | 302 064 | 395 888 | 18.4 | 7.9 | 10.4 | |
2004 | 38 341 | 736 261 | 294 051 | 442 210 | 19.2 | 7.7 | 11.5 | |
2005 | 38 681 | 721 220 | 293 529 | 427 691 | 18.6 | 7.6 | 11.1 | |
2006 | 39 024 | 696 451 | 292 313 | 404 138 | 17.8 | 7.5 | 10.4 | |
2007 | 39 368 | 700 792 | 315 852 | 384 940 | 17.8 | 8.0 | 9.8 | |
2008 | 39 714 | 746 460 | 301 801 | 444 659 | 18.8 | 7.6 | 11.2 | |
2009 | 40 062 | 745 336 | 304 525 | 440 811 | 18.6 | 7.6 | 11.0 | 2.380 |
2010 | 40 412 | 756 176 | 318 602 | 437 574 | 18.7 | 7.9 | 10.8 | 2.392 |
2011 | 40 900 | 758 042 | 319 059 | 438 983 | 18.5 | 7.8 | 10.7 | 2.379 |
2012[21] | 41 282 | 738 318 | 319 539 | 418 779 | 17.9 | 7.7 | 10.2 | 2.27 |
2013 | 41 690 | 754 603 | 326 197 | 428 406 | 18.1 | 7.8 | 10.3 | |
2014 | 42 669 | 777 012 | 325 539 | 451 437 | 18.2 | 7.6 | 10.6 |
UN estimates
The Population Departement of the United Nations prepared the following estimates of vital statistics of Argentina. [8]
Period | Live births per year |
Deaths per year |
Natural change per year |
CBR* | CDR* | NC* | TFR* | IMR* | Life expectancy total |
Life expectancy males |
Life expectancy females |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1950–1955 | 457,600 | 163,800 | 293,800 | 25.4 | 9.1 | 16.3 | 3.15 | 66 | 62.5 | 60.4 | 65.1 |
1955–1960 | 479,800 | 169,800 | 310,000 | 24.3 | 8.6 | 15.7 | 3.13 | 60 | 64.5 | 62.1 | 67.4 |
1960–1965 | 497,200 | 188,800 | 308,400 | 23.2 | 8.8 | 14.4 | 3.09 | 60 | 65.2 | 62.4 | 68.6 |
1965–1970 | 521,400 | 209,400 | 312,000 | 22.5 | 9.1 | 13.4 | 3.05 | 57 | 65.7 | 62.7 | 69.3 |
1970–1975 | 585,200 | 224,400 | 360,800 | 23.4 | 9.0 | 14.4 | 3.15 | 48 | 67.2 | 64.1 | 70.7 |
1975–1980 | 694,800 | 241,000 | 453,800 | 25.7 | 8.9 | 16.8 | 3.44 | 39 | 68.6 | 65.4 | 72.2 |
1980–1985 | 676,400 | 247,800 | 428,600 | 23.1 | 8.5 | 14.7 | 3.15 | 32 | 70.1 | 66.8 | 73.7 |
1985–1990 | 701,000 | 264,800 | 436,200 | 22.2 | 8.4 | 13.8 | 3.05 | 27 | 71.0 | 67.5 | 74.6 |
1990–1995 | 721,800 | 274,800 | 447,000 | 21.3 | 8.1 | 13.2 | 2.90 | 24 | 72.1 | 68.6 | 75.8 |
1995–2000 | 711,200 | 282,600 | 428,600 | 19.7 | 7.8 | 11.8 | 2.63 | 22 | 73.2 | 69.6 | 76.9 |
2000–2005 | 731,800 | 296,200 | 435,600 | 19.2 | 7.8 | 11.4 | 2.52 | 15 | 74.3 | 70.6 | 78.1 |
2005–2010 | 741,400 | 309,000 | 432,400 | 18.5 | 7.7 | 10.8 | 2.40 | 13 | 75.3 | 71.6 | 79.1 |
2010–2015 | 754,200 | 321,400 | 432,800 | 17.8 | 7.6 | 10.2 | 2.35 | 11 | 76.2 | 72.5 | 79.8 |
2015–2020 | 749,600 | 334,200 | 415,400 | 16.9 | 7.5 | 9.4 | 2.27 | 10 | 77.1 | 73.6 | 80.6 |
* CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births; TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman) |
Ethnic groups
Indigenous peoples
![](../I/m/AborigenesDistribucion.jpg)
According to the data of INDEC's Complementary Survey of Indigenous Peoples (ECPI) 2004–2005, 600,000 officially recognized indigenous persons (about 1.4% of the total population) reside in Argentina. The most numerous of these communities are the Mapuches, who live mostly in the south, the Kollas and Wichís, from the northwest, and the Guaranis and Qom, who live mostly in the northeast.[22] In the census of 2010, 955,032 people self recognized as indigenous or descendants of indigenous peoples, thus representing 2.4% of the national population. This is without prejudice that more than half of the population has at least one indigenous ancestor, although in most cases family memory lost that origin.
Ethnic group |
Survey 2004–2005 | |
---|---|---|
Number | % | |
Aonikenk | 10,590 | 1.8 |
Atacama | 3,044 | 0.5 |
Avá-Guaraní | 21,807 | 3.6 |
Aymara | 4,104 | 0.7 |
Chané | 4,376 | 0.7 |
Charrúa | 4,511 | 0.7 |
Chorote | 2,613 | 0.4 |
Chulupí | 553 | 0.1 |
Comechingón | 10,863 | 1.8 |
Diaguita/diaguita calchaquí | 31,753 | 5.3 |
Guaraní | 22,059 | 3.7 |
Het | 736 | 0.1 |
Huarpe | 14,633 | 2.4 |
Kolla | 70,505 | 11.7 |
Lule | 854 | 0.1 |
Mapuche | 113,680 | 18.8 |
Mbyá | 8,223 | 1.4 |
Mocoví | 15,837 | 2.6 |
Omaguaca | 1,553 | 0.3 |
Pilagá | 4,465 | 0.7 |
Puelche | 1,585 | 0.3 |
Qom | 69,452 | 11.5 |
Quechua | 6,739 | 1.1 |
Rankulche | 10,149 | 1.7 |
Sanavirón | 563 | 0.1 |
Selknam | 696 | 0.1 |
Tapiete | 524 | 0.1 |
Tonocoté | 4,779 | 0.8 |
Wichí | 40,036 | 6.6 |
Others | 3,864 | 0.6 |
Not specified | 102,247 | 16.0 |
Immigration to Argentina
European settlement
As with other areas of new settlement such as Canada, Australia, the United States, Brazil, New Zealand and Uruguay, Argentina is considered a country of immigrants.[23] When it is considered that Argentina was second only to the United States (27 million of immigrants) in the number of immigrants received, even ahead of such other areas of new settlement like Canada, Brazil and Australia;[12][13] and that the country was scarcely populated following its independence, the impact of the immigration to Argentina becomes evident.
In the last national census, based on self-identification, 952,032 Argentines (2.4% of the population) declared to be Amerindians[22] Most of the 6.2 million European immigrants arriving between 1850 and 1950, regardless of origin, settled in several regions of the country. Due to this large-scale European immigration, Argentina's population more than doubled.
![](../I/m/Non-native_population_in_Argentina.png)
The majority of these European immigrants came from Italy, Spain, Germany, France, Switzerland, Wales, Ireland, Scotland, Poland, Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia, the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Ottoman Empire, Russia, Ukraine, Denmark, Sweden, Finland, Norway, Belgium, Luxemburg, the Netherlands, Portugal, Romania, Bulgaria, Armenia, Greece, Lithuania, Estonia, Latvia and several other regions.
Italian population in Argentina arrived mainly from the northern Italian regions varying between Piedmont, Veneto and Lombardy, later from Campania and Calabria;[24] Many Argentines have the gentilic of an Italian city, place, street or occupation of the immigrant as last name, many of them were not necessarily born Italians, but once they did the roles of immigration in Italy the name usually changed. Spanish immigrants were mainly Galicians and Basques.[25][26] Millions of immigrants also came from France (notably Béarn and the Northern Basque Country), Germany, Switzerland, Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Ireland, Greece, Portugal, Finland, Russia and the United Kingdom.[27] The Welsh settlement in Patagonia, known as Y Wladfa, began in 1865; mainly along the coast of Chubut Province. In addition to the main colony in Chubut, a smaller colony was set up in Santa Fe and another group settled at Coronel Suárez, southern Buenos Aires Province.[28] Of the 50,000 Patagonians of Welsh descent, about 5,000 are Welsh speakers.[29] The community is centered on the cities of Gaiman, Trelew and Trevelin.[30]
Recent immigrants
![](../I/m/Immigrants_in_Argentina_(2001).png)
According to the INDEC 1,531,940 of the Argentine resident population in 2001 were born outside Argentina, representing 4.22% of the total Argentine resident population.[32][33] In 2010, 1,805,957 of the Argentine resident population were born outside Argentina, representing 4.50% of the total Argentine resident population.[32][33][34][35]
Illegal immigration has been a recent factor in Argentine demographics. Most illegal immigrants come from Bolivia and Paraguay, countries which border Argentina to the north. Smaller numbers arrive from Peru and Ecuador. The Argentine government estimates that 750,000 inhabitants lack official documents and has launched a program called Patria Grande ("Greater Homeland")[36] to encourage illegal immigrants to regularize their status; so far over 670,000 applications have been processed under the program.[37]
Rank (2010) | Country of birth | census 2010 | census 2001 | census 1990 |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | ![]() | 550,713 | 325,046 | 254,115 |
2 | ![]() | 345,272 | 233,464 | 145,670 |
3 | ![]() | 191,147 | 212,429 | 247,987 |
4 | ![]() | 177,000 | 50,250 | 15,939 |
4 | ![]() | 157,514 | 88,260 | 15,939 |
5 | ![]() | 147,499 | 216,718 | 356,923 |
6 | ![]() | 116,592 | 117,564 | 135,406 |
7 | ![]() | 94,030 | 134,417 | 244,212 |
8 | ![]() | 41,330 | 34,712 | 33,966 |
9 | ![]() | 8,929 | 4,184 | 2,297 |
10 | ![]() | 8,416 | 10,362 | 15,451 |
11 | ![]() | 7,321 | 8,290 | 8,371 |
12 | ![]() | 6,995 | 6,578 | 6,309 |
13 | ![]() | 4,036 | 4,753 | 5,674 |
14 | ![]() | 2,875 | 3,511 | 1,870 |
15 | ![]() | 1,337 | 2,350 | N/D |
16 | ![]() | 933 | 1,619 | 3,171 |
Other countries | 121,018 | 127,683 | 150,849 | |
TOTAL | 1,805,957 | 1,531,940 | 1,628,210 |
Languages
The official language of Argentina is Spanish, and it is spoken by practically the entire population in several different accents. The most common variation of Spanish in Argentina is the River Plate Spanish (Spanish: Castellano Rioplatense), and it is so named because it evolved in the central areas around the Río de la Plata basin. Its distinctive feature is widespread voseo, the use of the pronoun vos instead of tú for the second person singular.
Non-indigenous minority languages
Many Argentines also speak other European languages (Italian, Portuguese, French, Welsh, German, Swedish and Croatian, as examples) due to the vast number of immigrants from Europe that came to Argentina.[2]
English language is a required subject in many schools, and there are also many private English-teaching academies and institutions. Young people have become accustomed to English through movies and the Internet, and knowledge of the language is also required in most jobs, so most middle-class children and teenagers now speak, read and/or understand it with various degrees of proficiency. According to an official cultural consumption survey conducted in 2006, 42.3% of Argentines claim to speak some English (though only 15.4% of those claimed to have a high level of English comprehension).[5]
Standard German is spoken by around 500,000[38][39] Argentines of German ancestry, though the number may be as high as 3,800,000 according to some sources.[40] German is the third or fourth most spoken language in Argentina.
There are sources of around one million Levantine Arabic speakers in Argentina,[38] as a result of immigration from the Middle East, mostly from Syria and Lebanon.
There is a prosperous community of Argentine Welsh-speakers of approximately 25,000[41] in the province of Chubut, in the Patagonia region, who descend from 19th century immigrants.
Religion
![](../I/m/Catedral_de_C%C3%B3rdoba%2C_Argentina.jpg)
The Constitution guarantees freedom of religion, but until 1994 the President and Vice President had to be Catholic. The society, culture, and politics of Argentina are deeply imbued with Roman Catholicism.
Estimates for the number of Roman Catholics vary from 70% of the population,[42] to as much as 90%.[43] The CIA Factbook lists 92% of the country is Catholic, but only 20% are practicing regularly or weekly at a church service.[2] The Jewish population is about 300,000 (around 0.75% of the population), the community numbered about 400,000 after World War II, but the appeal of Israel and economic and cultural pressures at home led many to leave; recent instability in Israel has resulted in a modest reversal of the trend since 2003.[43][44] Muslim Argentines number about 500,000–600,000, or approximately 1.5% of the population; 93% of them are Sunni.[43] Buenos Aires is home to one of the largest mosques in Latin America. A recent study found that approximately 11% of Argentines are non-religious, including those who believe in God, though not religion, agnostics (4%) and atheists (5%). Overall, 24% attended religious services regularly. Protestants were the only group in which a majority regularly attended services.[45]
Gallery
-
Population distribution by province.
-
Built in 1906 to welcome hundreds of newcomers daily, the Hotel de Inmigrantes is now a national museum.
See also
References
- ↑ Index Mundi 2011 Argentina
- 1 2 3 4 "Argentina". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
- ↑ "Proyecciones provinciales de población por sexo y grupos de edad 2001–2015" (pdf). Gustavo Pérez (in Spanish). INDEC. p. 16. Retrieved 2008-06-24.
- ↑ Censo 2010: Censo Nacional de Población, Hogares y Viviendas (Spanish)
- 1 2 Página/12, 27 December 2006. Los idiomas de los argentinos
- ↑ "Argentina". Ethnologue.
- 1 2 "SOUTH AMERICA :: ARGENTINA". CIA The World Factbook.
- 1 2 http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/
- ↑ http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2.htm
- 1 2 3 "Major Cities". Government of Argentina. Retrieved 2009-09-03.
- ↑ "Ubicacion" (in Spanish). Directorate-General of Tourism, Municipality of the City of Salta. Retrieved 2009-09-03.
- 1 2
- 1 2 Sánchez-Alonso, Blanca. "European Immigration into Latin America, 1870–1930" (PDF). Madrid: Universidad San Pablo-CEU. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 August 2011.
- ↑ Rock, David. Argentina, 1516–1982. University of California Press, 1987.
- ↑ "EDELAP – 120 años de alumbrado público". Edelap.com.ar. Retrieved 2010-04-25.
- ↑ "Encuesta Permanente de Hogares" (PDF). Indec. 23 August 2015. p. 3.
- 1 2 2010 Census provisional results
- ↑ B.R. Mitchell. International historical statistics: the Americas, 1750–2000.
- ↑ United nations. Demographic Yearbooks
- ↑ Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos
- ↑
- 1 2 "Encuesta Complementaria de Pueblos Indígenas 2004–2005" (in Spanish). National Institute of Statistics and Census of Argentina.
- ↑ "About Argentina". Government of Argentina. Retrieved 2009-09-01.
- ↑ "Federaciones Regionales". Feditalia.org.ar. Retrieved 2010-04-25.
- ↑ "Historical references". Cdtradition.net. Archived from the original on 8 January 2010. Retrieved 2010-04-25.
- ↑ "Monografías". Monografias.com. 7 May 2007. Retrieved 2010-04-25.
- ↑ Chavez, Lydia (23 June 1985). "New York Times: A bit of Britain in Argentina". Nytimes.com. Retrieved 2010-04-25.
- ↑ Birt, Paul W. (2005). "Welsh (in Argentina)". In Diarmuid Ó Néill (ed.). Rebuilding the Celtic Languages. Talybont: Y Lolfa. p. 146. ISBN 0-86243-723-7.
- ↑ "Wales and Argentina". Wales.com website. Welsh Assembly Government. 2008. Retrieved 24 December 2010.
- ↑ Berresford Ellis, Peter (1983). The Celtic revolution: a study in anti-imperialism. Talybont: Y Lolfa. pp. 175–178. ISBN 0-86243-096-8.
- ↑ Población extranjera empadronada en el país por lugar de nacimiento INDEC
- 1 2 Tendencias recientes de la inmigración internacional INDEC
- 1 2 Investigación de la Migración Internacional en Latinoamérica (IMILA) Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeño de Demografía (CELADE). Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL).
- ↑ Censo Nacional de Población, Hogares y Viviendas 2001 INDEC.
- ↑ "Cuadro P6. Total del país. Población total nacida en el extranjero por lugar de nacimiento, según sexo y grupos de edad. Año 2010" (Press release). INDEC. Retrieved 2011-09-02.
- ↑ "Patria Grande". Patriagrande.gov.ar. Retrieved 2010-04-25.
- ↑ "Alientan la mudanza de extranjeros hacia el interior – Sociedad –". Perfil.com. Retrieved 2010-04-25.
- 1 2 Gordon, Raymond G., Jr. (ed.), 2005. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Fifteenth edition. Dallas, Tex.: SIL International. Online version: Languages of Argentina, Retrieved on 2007-01-02.
- ↑ WorldLanguage website. Retrieved on 2007-01-29
- ↑ "Rápida recuperación económica tras la grave crisis"
- ↑ Gordon, Raymond G., Jr. (2005). "Language of Argentina". Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Fifteenth edition. SIL International. Retrieved 2008-08-21.
Welsh (25,000)
- ↑ Marita Carballo. Valores good food here al cambio del milenio ISBN 950-794-064-2. Cited in La Nación, 8 May 2005
- 1 2 3 "Argentina". International Religious Freedom Report. U.S. Department of State. 2006. Retrieved 2009-09-01.
- ↑ "Clarín". Clarin.com. 22 December 2003. Retrieved 2010-04-25.
- ↑ "Encuesta CONICET sobre creencias" (PDF). Retrieved 2010-04-25.