Sudan Liberation Movement/Army

Not to be confused with Sudan People's Liberation Army/Movement (SPLA/M) in South Sudan.
Sudan Liberation Movement
Participant in Darfur conflict and the Sudan internal conflict


SLM logo and flag
Active 2002–present
Leaders Minni Minnawi - SLM (Minnawi)
Abdul Wahid al Nur - SLM (al-Nur)
Area of operations Darfur, Sudan
Part of Sudan Revolutionary Front
War in Darfur
Timeline
International response
UNMIS / AMIS / UNAMID
ICC investigation
Combatants
SLM
JEM
LJM
Janjaweed
Other articles
History of Darfur
Bibliography

The Sudan Liberation Movement/Army or (Arabic: حركة تحرير السودان, Ḥarakat Taḥrīr Al-Sūdān) (abbreviated as either SLM or SLA) is a Sudanese rebel group. It was founded as the Darfur Liberation Front[1] by members of three indigenous ethnic groups in Darfur, the Fur, the Zaghawa and the Masalit[2] among whom were the leaders Abdul Wahid al Nur of the Fur and Minni Minnawi of the Zaghawa.[2]

Formation

General Omar al-Tsim, and the National Islamic Front headed by Dr. Hassan al-Turabi, overthrew the Sudanese government led by Ahmed al-Mirghani in 1989. A large section of the population in Darfur, particularly the non-Arab ethnicities in the region, became increasingly marginalized.[3][4] These feelings were crystallized by the publication in 2000 of The Black Book, that detailed the structural inequity in the Sudan, which denies non-Arabs equal justice and power sharing. In 2002 Abdul Wahid al Nur, a lawyer, Ahmad Abdel Shafi Bassey, an education student, and a third man founded the Darfur Liberation Front which subsequently evolved into the Sudan Liberation Movement, and claimed to represent all of the oppressed in the Sudan.[1]

Groups and factions

Main factions

In 2006, the Sudan Liberation Movement split into two main factions, divided on the issue of the Darfur Peace Agreement:

Other smaller splinter groups

References

  1. 1 2 Flint, Julie and De Waal, Alexander (2008) Darfur: A New History of a Long War Zed Books, London, p. 90, ISBN 978-1-84277-949-1
  2. 1 2 "BBC News - Who are Sudan's Darfur rebels?". Retrieved 17 December 2014.
  3. ↑ Flint, Julie and De Waal, Alexander (2008) Darfur: A New History of a Long War Zed Books, London, pp. 16-17, ISBN 978-1-84277-949-1
  4. ↑ Jok, Jok Madut (2007) Sudán: Race, Religion and Violence Oneworld, Oxford, p. 4 ISBN 978-1-85168-366-6
  5. ↑ "Darfur Peace Agreement Fact Sheet" Office of the Spokesman, U.S. Department of State, May 2006, from Internet Archives
  6. ↑ "Minawi announces withdrawal from Abuja Agreement". Retrieved 17 December 2014.
  7. ↑ Staff (December 2006) "No Dialogue, No Commitment: The Perils of Deadline Diplomacy for Darfur" Sudan Issue Brief Number 4, p. 3, Human Security Baseline Assessment, Small Arms Survey, Geneva, Switzerland, from Internet Archives
  8. ↑ "Account Suspended". Retrieved 17 December 2014.
  9. ↑ "مفكرة الإسلام : قيادات ميدانية بدارفور تنشق عن حركة الع". 10 November 2010. Retrieved 17 December 2014.
  10. ↑ http://www.sudanvisiondaily.com/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=63317
  11. ↑ "Account Suspended". Retrieved 17 December 2014.
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