Crivina Power Station

Crivina Power Station
Location of Crivina Power Station in Romania
Official name	Termocentrala de la Crivina
Country	Romania
Location	Crivina
Coordinates	45°02′1.59″N 21°48′57.69″E / 45.0337750°N 21.8160250°E / 45.0337750; 21.8160250Coordinates: 45°02′1.59″N 21°48′57.69″E / 45.0337750°N 21.8160250°E / 45.0337750; 21.8160250
Status	Decommissioned
Construction began	1976
Commission date	1983
Decommission date	1988
Owner(s)	Termoelectrica
Thermal power station
Primary fuel	Oil shale
Power generation
Units operational	3 X 330
Nameplate capacity	990 MW

The Crivina Power Station (Romanian: Termocentrala de la Crivina) was a large thermal power plant located in Crivina, near Anina in Caraş-Severin County. It had three generating units of 330 MW each, altogether having a total electricity generating capacity of 990 MW.^[1]^[2] It was intended to be the first oil shale power station built in Romania.^[3] The total cost of the oil shale power plant was around US$1 billion.^[4] The Crivina Power Station was supplied with 4 million tonnes of oil shale per year from the nearby Anina Mine.^[3]

History

This power plant works only for 76 hours in reality. At the beginning of the 1970s Nicolae Ceauşescu, then President of Romania, decided to build a large thermal power station in Caraş-Severin County to exploit the large oil shale deposits located in the area.^[5] At first the power station was intended to be built in Ticvaniu Mic commune, now part of the Ticvaniu Mare commune, near Oraviţa but the chosen site had a very small water supply that was not sufficient for the power station.^[5] In 1976 a new location was found at Crivina, located in the mountains near Anina. In 1983 the construction of the power station was complete and the first 330 MW electric power generation unit was put online. The turbine could not reach its highest potential capacity due to the low quality of the oil shale deposits.^[5] The communist regime also built a town that was used to house the power station's workers. It was intended to have 10,000 inhabitants, and a part of Anina had to move to this new location to make way for oil shale surface mines.^[5]

The first of the three power generation units was completed in 1983, and in 1984 generated its first electricity from burning oil shale.^[4] The unit functioned only around 2000 hours per year between 1984 and 1988 until it was shut down.^[4] The station also had a 220 metres (720 ft) tall flue gas stack that was at the time Romania's second tallest.^[4]

References

↑ "Direct Combustion of Oil Shale" (PDF). Pace Synthetic Fuels report. The Pace Company Consultants & Engineers. 19 (1): 2–2. March 1982. Retrieved 2012-11-03.
↑ "Principalele referinte". Energomontaj (in Romanian). 2009. Retrieved 2010-09-17.
1 2 "Anina - termocentrala muzeu". Adevarul (in Romanian). 2002. Retrieved 2010-09-17.
1 2 3 4 Curiţa, Nina (2009-03-30). "Mult zgomot pentru nimic" [Much ado about nothing]. Caras Online (in Romanian). Retrieved 2010-09-17.
1 2 3 4 "Oraşul frigului". apropo.ro (in Romanian). 2001. Retrieved 2010-09-17.

High Capacity Power stations in Romania

(more than 100 MW installed capacity)

Thermal	Turceni - 1,650 MW Rovinari - 1,320 MW Mintia-Deva - 1,285 MW Crivina - 990 MW Brazi - 950 MW Petrom Brazi - 860 MW Luduș-Iernut - 800 MW Sărdănești - 700 MW Borzești - 655 MW Brăila - 646 MW Ișalnița - 630 MW Bucharest South - 550 MW Galați - 535 MW Doicești - 320 MW Bucharest West - 310 MW Craiova II - 300 MW Paroșeni - 300 MW Alum Tulcea - 250 MW Borzești II - 250 MW Fântânele - 250 MW Halânga - 247 MW Buzău - 207 MW Oradea - 205 MW Govora - 200 MW Progresu - 200 MW Brazi II - 150 MW Giurgiu - 150 MW Iaşi I - 150 MW Pitești Sud - 136 MW Arad - 112 MW Brașov - 100 MW Grozăvești - 100 MW Iaşi II - 100 MW Holboca - 100 MW Palas - 100 MW Suceava - 100 MW

Hydroelectric	Iron Gate I - 2,192 MW Tarniţa - Lăpuşteşti - 1,000 MW Iron Gate II - 591 MW Lotru-Ciunget - 510 MW Râul Mare - 335 MW Mărișelu - 221 MW Vidraru - 220 MW Bicaz-Stejaru - 210 MW Ruieni - 153 MW Nehoiaşu - 152 MW Oaşa - 150 MW Şugag - 150 MW Remeți - 146 MW Brădişor - 115 MW Tismana - 106 MW

Nuclear	Cernavodă Nuclear Power Plant - 1,400 MW

Wind farms	Sinus Holding - 700 MW Fântânele-Cogealac - 600 MW Blackstone - 500 MW Deleni - 500 MW Eolica Cogealac - 448 MW Mărişelu - 300 MW Eolica Sǎcele - 252 MW Eolica Casimcea - 244 MW Văcăreni - 240 MW Verbund Casimcea - 225 MW Green Energy - 200 MW Pechea - 150 MW Sabloal Valea Dacilor - 147 MW EDP Cernavodă - 138 MW Eolica Beidaud - 128 MW Eolica Baia - 126 MW Eolica Sarichioi - 102 MW Gheorgheni - 100 MW

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