Hague Hijacking Convention

Hague Hijacking Convention
Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Seizure of Aircraft
Type	Aviation, international criminal law, anti-terrorism
Drafted	16 December 1970
Signed	16 December 1970
Location	The Hague, Netherlands
Effective	14 October 1971
Condition	10 ratifications
Signatories	75
Parties	185
Depositary	Governments of the United Kingdom, United States, and Russia (originally the Soviet Union)
Languages	English, French, Russian and Spanish

The Hague Hijacking Convention (formally the Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Seizure of Aircraft) is a multilateral treaty by which states agree to prohibit and punish aircraft hijacking. The convention does not apply to customs, law enforcement or military aircraft, thus it applies exclusively to civilian aircraft. The convention only addresses situations in which an aircraft takes off or lands in a place different from its country of registration. The convention sets out the principle of aut dedere aut judicare—that a party to the treaty must prosecute an aircraft hijacker if no other state requests his or her extradition for prosecution of the same crime.

Creation and entry into force

The convention was adopted by the International Conference on Air Law at The Hague on 16 December 1970. It came into force on 14 October 1971 after it had been ratified by 10 states. As of 2013, the convention has 185 state parties.

State parties

The convention has 185 state parties, which includes 183 UN members plus the Cook Islands and Niue. The 10 UN member states that are not parties to the treaty are:

Burundi
East Timor
Eritrea
Kiribati
Federated States of Micronesia
San Marino
Solomon Islands
Somalia
South Sudan
Tuvalu

Of these 10 states, the convention has been signed but not ratified by Burundi.

Former state parties and successions

Former state parties that were not formally succeeded by any existing state include Czechoslovakia, East Germany, South Vietnam, and Yugoslavia. A number of states ratified but have since been succeeded by new states: Serbia ratified as the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia; Russia ratified as the Soviet Union; Belarus ratified as the Byelorussian SSR; and Ukraine ratified as the Ukrainian SSR. Prior to the unification of Yemen, both North and South Yemen had ratified the convention. The Republic of China signed and ratified the agreement; in 1980, the People's Republic of China approved the treaty with a statement that it declared the Republic of China's actions with respect to the convention "null and void".

2010 Protocol

In 2010 in Beijing, the Protocol Supplementary to the Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Seizure of Aircraft was adopted. The Protocol makes amendments and additions to the original convention. As of the end of October 2016, the Protocol has been ratified by 17 states. It will come into effect once it has been ratified by 22 states.

External links

Commercial air travel

Airlines	Airline codes Airline holding companies Charter airlines Low-cost airlines Passenger airlines Regional airlines

Alliances	Oneworld SkyTeam Star Alliance

Trade groups	International (ACO ATAG IATA IATAN ISTAT) United States (A4A RAA) Europe (AEA EBAA ELFAA ERA) Other regions (AACO AAPA AFRAA RAAA)

Aircrew	Captain First Officer Second Officer Third Officer Flight attendant Flight engineer Loadmaster Pilot Purser Deadheading

Airliner	Travel class First class (aviation) First class travel Business Premium economy Economy Aircraft cabin Aircraft lavatory Aircraft seat map Airline meal Airline seat Buy on board Crew rest compartment In-flight entertainment Inflight smoking Galley Sickness bag

Airport	Aerodrome Airline hub Airport check-in Airport lounge Airport rail link Airport terminal Airstair Boarding Domestic airport Gate International airport Jet bridge Low cost carrier terminal Runway Transit hotel

Customs / Immigration	Arrival card (Landing card) Border control Departure card Passport Timatic Travel document Visa

Environmental impact	Hypermobility Impact on environment

Law	Air transport agreement (Bermuda Agreement (UK-US, 1946-78) · Bermuda II Agreement (UK-US, 1978-2008) · China-US · Cross-Strait charter (China-Taiwan)) Beijing Convention Cape Town Treaty Chicago Convention Convention on the Marking of Plastic Explosives Flight permit Freedoms of the air Hague Hijacking Convention Hague Protocol ICAO Montreal Convention Open skies (EU–US Open Skies Agreement) Paris Convention of 1919 Rome Convention Sabotage Convention Tokyo Convention Warsaw Convention

Luggage	Bag tag Baggage allowance Baggage carousel Baggage cart Baggage reclaim Baggage handler Baggage handling system Checked baggage Hand luggage Lost luggage Luggage lock

Safety	Air Navigation and Transport Act Air rage Air traffic control (ATC) Aircraft safety card Airport authority Airport crash tender Airport police Airport security Brace position Evacuation slide Flight recorder National aviation authority Overwing exits Pre-flight safety demonstration Sky marshal Unruly aircraft passenger

Ticketing	Airline booking ploys Airline reservations system Airline ticket Airline timetable Bereavement flight Boarding pass Codeshare agreement Continent pass Electronic ticket Fare basis code Flight cancellation and delay Frequent-flyer program Government contract flight One-way travel Open-jaw ticket Passenger name record Red-eye flight Round-the-world ticket Standby Tracking Travel agency Travel website

Groundcrew	Aircraft maintenance technician Aircraft ground handler Baggage handler Flight dispatcher

Miscellaneous	Mile high club

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