Classical-map hypernetted-chain method
The classical-map hypernetted-chain method (CHNC method) is a method used in many-body theoretical physics for interacting uniform electron liquids in two and three dimensions, and for interacting hydrogen plasmas. The method extends the famous hypernetted-chain method (HNC) introduced by J. M. J van Leeuwen et al.[1] to quantum fluids as well. The classical HNC, together with the Percus–Yevick approximation, are the two pillars which bear the brunt of most calculations in the theory of interacting classical fluids. Also, HNC and PY have become important in providing basic reference schemes in the theory of fluids,[2] and hence they are of great importance to the physics of many-particle systems.
The HNC and PY integral equations provide the pair distribution functions of the particles in a classical fluid, even for very high coupling strengths. The coupling strength is measured by the ratio of the potential energy to the kinetic energy. In a classical fluid, the kinetic energy is proportional to the temperature. In a quantum fluid, the situation is very complicated as one needs to deal with quantum operators, and matrix elements of such operators, which appear in various perturbation methods based on Feynman diagrams. The CHNC method provides an approximate "escape" from these difficulties, and applies to regimes beyond perturbation theory. In Robert B. Laughlin's famous Nobel Laureate work on the fractional quantum Hall effect, an HNC equation was used within a classical plasma analogy.
In the CHNC method, the pair-distributions of the interacting particles are calculated using a mapping which ensures that the quantum mechanically correct non-interacting pair distribution function is recovered when the Coulomb interactions are switched off.[3] The value of the method lies in its ability to calculate the interacting pair distribution functions g(r) at zero and finite temperatures. Comparison of the calculated g(r) with results from Quantum Monte Carlo show remarkable agreement, even for very strongly correlated systems.
The interacting pair-distribution functions obtained from CHNC have been used to calculate the exchange-correlation energies, Landau parameters of Fermi liquids and other quantities of interest in many-body physics and density functional theory, as well as in the theory of hot plasmas.
See also
References
- ↑ J.M.J. van Leeuwen; J. Groenveld; J. de Boer (1959). "New method for the calculation of the pair correlation function I". Physica. 25: 792. Bibcode:1959Phy....25..792V. doi:10.1016/0031-8914(59)90004-7.
- ↑ R. Balescu (1975). Equilibrium and Non-equilibrium Statistical Mechanics. Wiley. pp. 257–277.
- ↑ M.W.C. Dharma-wardana; F. Perrot (2000). "Simple Classical Mapping of the Spin-Polarized Quantum Electron Gas: Distribution Functions and Local-Field Corrections". Physical Review Letters. 84: 959–962. arXiv:cond-mat/9909056
. Bibcode:2000PhRvL..84..959D. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.84.959. PMID 11017415.
Further reading
- C. Bulutay; B. Tanatar (2002). "Spin-dependent analysis of two-dimensional electron liquids". Physical Review B. 65: 195116. Bibcode:2002PhRvB..65s5116B. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.65.195116.
- M.W.C. Dharma-wardana; F. Perrot (2002). "Equation of state and the Hugoniot of laser shock-compressed deuterium: Demonstration of a basis-function-free method for quantum calculations". Physical Review B. 66: 014110. Bibcode:2002PhRvB..66a4110D. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.66.014110.
- N.Q. Khanh; H. Totsuji (2004). "Electron correlation in two-dimensional systems: CHNC approach to finite-temperature and spin-polarization effects". Solid State Communications. 129: 37. Bibcode:2004SSCom.129...37K. doi:10.1016/j.ssc.2003.09.010.
- M.W.C. Dharma-wardana (2005). "Spin and temperature dependent study of exchange and correlation in thick two-dimensional electron layers". Physical Review B. 72: 125339. arXiv:cond-mat/0506804. Bibcode:2005PhRvB..72l5339D. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.72.125339.