Capital punishment in Nevada

Capital punishment is a legal penalty in the U.S. state of Nevada.

History

A hanging that took place in Nevada. Hanging was the method used for most executions before that of Gee Jon in 1924.

The first recorded execution in the area that is now Nevada was the hanging of John Carr for murdering Bernhard Cherry of Carson City on November 30, 1860 and the first record execution in the Nevada Territory was the hanging of Allen Milstead outside Dayton for killing Lyon County Commissioner T. Varney at Ragtown. These were the first of 60 executions from 1860 to the present. Since 1976, 12 people have been executed by the state. As of May 12, 2013 there were 83 people on death row.

Elizabeth Potts, who was hanged in 1890, was the only woman legally executed in the state.[1]

Hanging was the method prescribed by law from 1860 to 1921. The venue of executions moved from the counties to Nevada State Prison in 1903. In response to Mormon preferences,[2] the Nevada State Legislature passed a statute in 1910 that became effective in January 1911,[3] allowing condemned prisoners to choose between execution by shooting or hanging.[4] On May 14, 1913, Andriza Mircovich became the only inmate in Nevada to be executed by shooting.[5] After the warden of Nevada State Prison was unable to find five men to form a firing squad,[6] a shooting machine was built to carry out Mircovich's execution.[7] A law in 1921 replaced hanging with the gas chamber, which was used from the 1924 execution of Gee Jon to the 1979 execution of Jesse Bishop, both at Nevada State Prison.

When the prosecution seeks the death penalty, the sentence is decided by the jury and must be unanimous.

In case of a hung jury during the penalty phase of the trial, the judge has discretion to order a retrial or impose a life sentence.[8]

Under Nevada Constitution, clemency can be granted by the governor of Nevada with advice and consent of a board on which he sits, and also includes justices of the state supreme court and the state attorney general.[9]

Method

Lethal injection is now the sole method of execution in Nevada.[10]

The men's death row in Nevada is located at Ely State Prison.[11] The death row for women is in the Florence McClure Women's Correctional Center (previously Southern Nevada Women's Correctional Center).[12]

Executions by the state of Nevada are still designated to be carried out at Nevada State Prison,[13] in a former gas chamber. Due to a lack of elevator access this gas chamber is not compliant with the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA). Greg Cox, the director of the Nevada Department of Corrections, stated that he anticipated a legal challenge to carrying out the execution there if an execution date is set.[14]

Capital offenses

First degree murder can be punishbed by death if it involves one of the following aggravating factors:

  1. The murder was committed by a person under sentence of imprisonment.
  2. The murder was committed by a person who, at any time before a penalty hearing is conducted for the murder, is or has been convicted of:
    • Another murder and the provisions of subsection 12 do not otherwise apply to that other murder; or
    • A felony involving the use or threat of violence to the person of another and the provisions of subsection 4 do not otherwise apply to that felony.
  3. The murder was committed by a person who knowingly created a great risk of death to more than one person by means of a weapon, device or course of action which would normally be hazardous to the lives of more than one person.
  4. The murder was committed while the person was engaged, alone or with others, in the commission of, or an attempt to commit or flight after committing or attempting to commit, any robbery, arson in the first degree, burglary, invasion of the home or kidnapping in the first degree, and the person charged:
    • Killed or attempted to kill the person murdered; or
    • Knew or had reason to know that life would be taken or lethal force used.
  5. The murder was committed to avoid or prevent a lawful arrest or to effect an escape from custody.
  6. The murder was committed by a person, for himself or another, to receive money or any other thing of monetary value.
  7. The murder was committed upon a peace officer or firefighter who was killed while engaged in the performance of his official duty or because of an act performed in his official capacity, and the defendant knew or reasonably should have known that the victim was a peace officer or firefighter. For the purposes of this subsection, "peace officer" means.
  8. The murder involved torture or the mutilation of the victim.
  9. The murder was committed upon one or more persons at random and without apparent motive.
  10. The murder was committed upon a person less than 14 years of age.
  11. The murder was committed upon a person because of the actual or perceived race, color, religion, national origin, physical or mental disability, gender identity or expression or sexual orientation of that person.
  12. The defendant has, in the immediate proceeding, been convicted of more than one offense of murder in the first or second degree. For the purposes of this subsection, a person shall be deemed to have been convicted of a murder at the time the jury verdict of guilt is rendered or upon pronouncement of guilt by a judge or judges sitting without a jury.
  13. The person, alone or with others, subjected or attempted to subject the victim of the murder to nonconsensual sexual penetration immediately before, during or immediately after the commission of the murder.
  14. The murder was committed on the property of a public or private school, at an activity sponsored by a public or private school or on a school bus while the bus was engaged in its official duties by a person who intended to create a great risk of death or substantial bodily harm to more than one person by means of a weapon, device or course of action that would normally be hazardous to the lives of more than one person.
  15. The murder was committed with the intent to commit, cause, aid, further or conceal an act of terrorism.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Rutter, Michael (1 June 2008). Bedside Book of Bad Girls: Outlaw Women of the Old West. Farcountry Press. pp. 50–. ISBN 978-1-56037-462-6. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
  2. ↑ Christianson, Scott (2010). The Last Gasp: The Rise and Fall of the American Gas Chamber. University of California Press. p. 62. Retrieved November 3, 2010.
  3. ↑ "To Be Shot To Death.". The Montreal Gazette. June 17, 1912. p. 1. Retrieved November 9, 2010.
  4. ↑ Rocha, Guy Louis. "An Outline of Capital Punishment in Nevada". Nevada State Library and Archives. Archived from the original on July 22, 2011. Retrieved November 8, 2010.
  5. ↑ "Nevada State Prison Inmate Case Files: Andriza Mircovich". Nevada State Library and Archives. Retrieved November 8, 2010.
  6. ↑ "No One To Shoot Murderer". The New York Times. August 12, 1912. Retrieved November 9, 2010.
  7. ↑ Cafferata, Patty (June 2010). "Capital Punishment Nevada Style". Nevada Lawyer. State Bar of Nevada. Archived from the original on July 18, 2010. Retrieved November 8, 2010.
  8. ↑ "NRS 175.556 - Procedure when jury unable to reach unanimous verdict.". law.justia.com. Retrieved June 16, 2016.
  9. ↑ "Nevada Constitution - Sec. 14". law.justia.com. Retrieved June 16, 2016.
  10. ↑ "NRS 176.355 - Execution of death penalty: Method; time and place; witnesses". law.justia.com. Retrieved June 16, 2016.
  11. ↑ "NDOC: Ely State Prison". Nevada Department of Corrections. April 27, 2010. Retrieved November 8, 2010.
  12. ↑ "Lone woman on Nevada's death row dies in prison Archived July 29, 2013, at the Wayback Machine.." Associated Press at North County Times. January 31, 2005. Retrieved on September 5, 2010. See page in the Santa Cruz Sentinel, January 31, 2005, p. 10.
  13. ↑ "NDOC: Organization". Nevada Department of Corrections. September 22, 2008. Retrieved September 5, 2010.
  14. ↑ Whaley, Sean. "Nevada has 80 on death row, but no place to execute" (Archive). Las Vegas Review-Journal. April 11, 2015. Retrieved on March 24, 2016.
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