Behsud (Hazara tribe)

The Behsudh (alternatively Besud, Behsud, Behsudi or Basud, Dari:, Behsud) are one of the major tribes of the Hazara people of Hazarajat, central Afghanistan. They inhabit the Markaz Besud and Besud Hisa-i-Awal & Hisa-i-Duwum, Jalrez, Dai Mirdad and Chak districts of Wardak Province, Nawur and Jaghatu Districts of Ghazni province and Panjao and waras Districts of Bamian provence in Afghanistan.

It is claimed that Behsud is a tribe of Mongol, direct descendant of Genghis Khan himself as follow: "Besud branched off the prominent Taichuud (Taijiud) tribe who is the closest kin to and shared the same ancestry, Khamag Mongol Ambaghai Khaan, with Borjigid/Chingisids. Today Besuds, like other Mongol tribes, spread out throughout the territories of former Great Mongol Empire. In Mongolia majority of Besuds live in Gobi-Altai and Bayankhongor provinces."

The 19th century Behsudh chieftain Mir Yazdan Bakhsh was one of the first Hazara chiefs, who tried in vain to unify all Hazaras.

History

"Mention of Behsud is found in the Secret History of the Mongols, one of the sub clans of Besuds, Borchegen inhabit Nawor. The great Mongol Khaqan (Emperor) Genghis Khan was himself Borchegen. In the Hazara resistance against the Soviet Union and later the Taliban most of the modern Hazara political leadership has emerged from the Behsuds. Afghan leaders from the Behsud tribe include: Sultan Ali Kishmind, the Prime Minister of Afghanistan from 1981 to 1989; Karim Khalili the current vice president of Afghanistan; and Abdul Ali Mazari, the Hazara leader of Hizb-i-Wahdat, who is acclaimed as the Baba (father) of the Hazaras.

Notable Behsudh

• Abdul Ali Mazari, founder of Hizbe-Wahdat
• Karim Khalili, present vice president of Afghanistan
• Ali Kishtmand, the communist Prime Minister of Afghanistan (1981–1990)
• Mir Yazdan Bakhsh, an early 19th-century Hazara chieftain
• Khuda Nazar Qambari A Quetta Hazara born in 1914, son of Qambar Ali who had emigrated from Qol Khaish, Besud to Quetta after the Uruzgan war. Mr. Qambari served in the provincial government of Balochistan. He has written the "Brief Note on Hazaras" in October 1987. This note has been published by Mr. Ishaq Muhammadi from Washington D.C in 2014. Mr. Qambari was the principle informant of Elizabeth Bacon for her work "OBOK", Mr. Muhammad Otadulajam for his work "The Hazaras of Balochistan" and a map of Hazarajat published in book "The Hazaras" by Sayd Askar Mosavi, has a reference to him. All these authors have acknowledged his contributions. He died on 30 November 1990 at Quetta and buried in Hazara Qabristan. His elder son Capt (R) Quyyum Nazar Changazee retired as additional chief secretary Government of Balochistan.
• Sharbat Ali Changezi, Air Marshall Pakistan Air Force

Sources

• Hazaras by Hasan Foladi
• The Hazaras of Afghanistan by Sayd Askar Musavi
• Hazaras of Afghanistan by Taimor Khanov, translated in Urdu by Hasan Raza Changazi